Blockchain Papers

Rishikesh Choudhari, Meghana Shivakumar, Shreyas Nandavar, Shruti Maigur · 7 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Xun Yi, Xuechao Yang, Andrei Kelarev, Kwok‐Yan Lam · 5 authors

Blockchain technology was once exclusively associated with cryptocurrencies, but now it has become a powerful force that can reshape industries outside of finance. The concept of decentralized networks is transforming how we manage identity, value, ownership, and even governance. As seen previously, blockchain applications extend into sectors like healthcare, supply chains, social media, finance, and even national infrastructure projects.

Xingyu Zeng, Zhang Hua, Chaosong Yan, Zhao Liu · 5 authors

Blockchain technology is known as a decentralized, distributed ledger that records digital asset. It has been applied in numbers of aspects of society, including finance, judiciary and commerce. Ethereum is referred to as the next generation decentralized application platform. It is one of the most popular blockchain platforms that supports smart contracts. Smart contract is a set of codes that sored on blockchain and can be called and created as turing-complete programs running on the blockchain. Developers use smart contracts to build decentralized applications (Dapp) which has widely used cryptocurrency related project. As smart contracts become more popular and more valuable, they are faced with more risk of being hacked. As a result that smart contracts cannot be modified once deployed on the blockchain, it is a great challenge to fix and update deployed vulnerable contract which can lead to a huge loss of cryptocurrency and financial disorder. In this paper, we focus on Integer Bugs in Ethereum Smart Contracts and present ISmart, which protects deployed smart contracts against attacks caused by Integer Bugs. We implemented ISmart based on go-ethereum, a Ethereum client written in Go, by adding a simplified taint analysis component. In our preliminary, ISmart can prevent attacks accurately with little runtime overhead.

Mohammad Alamgeer, Saud S. Alotaibi, Shaha Al‐Otaibi, Nazik Alturki · 8 authors

Latest developments in computing and communication technologies are enabled the design of connected healthcare system which are mainly based on IoT and Edge technologies. Blockchain, data encryption, and deep learning (DL) models can be utilized to design efficient security solutions for IoT healthcare applications. In this aspect, this article introduces a Blockchain with privacy preserving image encryption and optimal deep learning (BPPIE-ODL) technique for IoT healthcare applications. The proposed BPPIE-ODL technique intends to securely transmit the encrypted medical images captured by IoT devices and performs classification process at the cloud server. The proposed BPPIE-ODL technique encompasses the design of dragonfly algorithm (DFA) with signcryption technique to encrypt the medical images captured by the IoT devices. Besides, blockchain (BC) can be utilized as a distributed data saving approach for generating a ledger, which permits access to the users and prevents third party’s access to encrypted data. In addition, the classification process includes SqueezeNet based feature extraction, softmax classifier (SMC), and Nadam based hyperparameter optimizer. The usage of Nadam model helps to optimally regulate the hyperparameters of the SqueezeNet architecture. For examining the enhanced encryption as well as classification performance of the BPPIE-ODL technique, a comprehensive experimental analysis is carried out. The simulation outcomes demonstrate the significant performance of the BPPIE-ODL technique on the other techniques with increased precision and accuracy of 0.9551 and 0.9813 respectively.

Alex Biryukov, Gleb Naumenko, Sergei Tikhomirov

No abstract is available for this record.

Mauro Conti, P. Vinod, Pier Paolo Tricomi

No abstract is available for this record.

A. Baseera, Abeer Abdullah Alsadhan

In the development of technology in various fields like big data analysis, data mining, big data, cloud computing, and blockchain technology, security become more constrained. Blockchain is used in providing security by encrypting the sharing of information. Blockchain is applied in the peer-to-peer (P2P) network and it has a decentralized ledger. Providing security against unauthorized breaches in the distributed network is required. To detect unauthorized breaches, there are numerous techniques were developed and those techniques are inefficient and have poor data integrity. Hence, a novel technique needs to be implemented to tackle the new breaches in the distributed network. This paper, proposed a hybrid technique of two fish with a ripple consensus algorithm (TF-RC). To improve the detection time and security, this paper uses efficient transmission of data in the distributed network. The experimental analysis of TF-RC by using the metric measures of performance in terms of latency, throughput, energy efficiency and it produced better performance.

Abraham Ayegba Alfa, John Kolo Alhassan, Olayemi Mikail Olaniyi, Morufu Olalere

No abstract is available for this record.

Prabhakaran Ariappampalayam Krishnamoorthi, Saad Shahid, Oisín Boydell

No abstract is available for this record.

William Navas, Víctor Garofalo, Roger Campoverde, Dennis Zambrano · 7 authors

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Sunayana Das, Bhabendu Kumar Mohanta, Debasish Jena

In recent years, blockchain has emerged as one of the promising technologies in applications like internet of things, smart city, digital management, healthcare system, supply chain management, real estate business, smart agriculture, smart retail and smart grid. Blockchain is derived from bitcoin cryptocurrency white paper in 2008 where peer to peer transactions are done. Though blockchain is considered a secure platform to store the information in digital ledger format in trustful environment with proper verification and validation process. Distributed architecture of blockchain network required high computation devices for mining and doing the cryptographic operation like digital signature. In a decentralised network challenges such as data validation, transaction integrity, fault tolerance, user anonymity are need to be addressed. In this paper, the state of the art of security attacks and various network architecture challenges are identified. The security attacks in the blockchain are discussed in-depth. The various applications of blockchain and corresponding security challenges are also explained. Lastly, the implementation of blockchain network creation, deployment of smart contracts using the open-source Ethereum platform was demonstrated.

Tushar Bhardwaj, Vivek Kamat, Gaurav Dwivedi

No abstract is available for this record.

Mahima Pawar, Mansi Dabriwal, Raj Rathi, Shrey Kumar Sinha · 5 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

G. Megala, Prabu Sevugan, Ramarathnam Venkatesan

Although electronic voting has been used for many decades, electoral organizations are still adopting it. Despite technologies that preserve the secrecy, authenticity, and privacy of data, vote-rigging and privacy breaches remain a risk in e-voting systems. Blockchain is a distributed technology that underpins bitcoin. It appears to be a fit for digital election systems, as it provides a chance to keep data secret and prohibit data manipulation. But blockchain alone is not enough to address other concerns that come up during elections such as how to make sure that the person voting has the right to do so while keeping their identity disconnected from their vote. The user can safely vote from the three-levels of authentication: OTP, QR codeshare, and blockchain. Here, the system contains a secured timestamp and the hashcode which is used to identify attacks on the distributed server. These protected services provide secure vote casting and remedies for security issues. The legal limitations are also analyzed in the blockchain distributed ledger.

Saad Alshihri, WooRam Park, Sooyong Park

No abstract is available for this record.

Olayemi Mikail Olaniyi, Eustace M. Dogo, Bello Kontagora Nuhu, Horst Treiblmaier · 6 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Yingying Li, Jianfeng Ma, Yinbin Miao, Ximeng Liu · 5 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Liutao Zhao, Jiawan Zhang, Hairong Jing, Jianping Wu · 5 authors

We constructed a cryptographic interaction method museum art exchange protocol (MAXP) for museum digital collections on the basis of blockchain technology. Using our method, we build a digital collection exchange system on Ethereum to realize the digital collection’s online exchange between two museums. Compared with the traditional centralized collection digital resource database method, MAXP can avoid the security risks caused by subjective factors and force majeure factors in the exchange process of digital collections, such as hackers and network viruses. In our exchange system we have built, the expression of content covered by digital collections is more convenient, and copyright disputes can be quickly resolved. Concurrently, given the decentralization and anonymity of the blockchain, a regulatory mechanism has been added to MAXP to avoid fraud, illegal fundraising, money laundering and smuggling. The regulatory mechanism we constructed is a dual receiver public key encryption scheme based on the Diffie-Hellman algorithm and the SM2 elliptic curve public key encryption algorithm. The sender encrypts the collection data, and both receivers can decrypt the messages using their respective private keys. One of the receivers is the museum that obtained the collection information, and the other receiver is the regulator. These two receivers can decrypt simultaneously, and the regulator can regulate the information exchange on the blockchain. The Beijing Planetarium and the Beijing Museum of Natural History have completed the exchange of collections through the system we have built. The analysis results show that the regulatory scheme based on the exchange blockchain system of the museum’s digital collections proves to be feasible, with security and expansibility. Our new encrypted exchange management method of digital collections in museums can effectively promote the exchange of collections between museums, and is of great significance to the promotion of cultural heritage and the dissemination of scientific knowledge.

Leda Kamal, R. Jeberson Retna Raj

No abstract is available for this record.

R. Durga, E. Poovammal, Kadiyala Ramana, Rutvij H. Jhaveri · 6 authors

With the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT), smart devices have now changed their dimensions to provide applications in different domains such as medical, agriculture, and Industry 4.0. Although IoT provides more diversified applications, enhancing the security in IoT remains on the darker side of the research. Traditional IoT systems involve a third party to secure sensitive data during transmission in an IoT environment which can lead to complex and serious problems. To overcome security issues and eradicate third-party involvement, Blockchain technology is the modern-day solution in an IoT environment. In the context of a Secured IoT system, we proposed a novel chaotic encryption-based blockchain-IoT architecture to clinch the security and privacy of data. Since smart sensors and image sensors are used widely in an IoT environment, the proposed scheme was tested with different image sets to evaluate performance metrics such as Number of Pixel Change Rate (NPCR), Unified Averaged Changed Intensity (UACI), Correlation Coefficients, and entropy under different attack scenarios. We obtained an NPCR of 99.65%, a UACI of 34%, and an entropy value close to 8. These values incite that the novel chaotic encryption-based blockchain-IoT architecture will be safe from IoT attacks. Results showed that integrating chaotic encrypted blockchain architecture with IoT could be more effective in defending attacks.

Xihua Zhang, S. B. Goyal, Miretab Tesfayohanis, Chaman Verma

The collection of amounts of useful data from various IoT devices through machine learning (ML) techniques has been extensively applied in lots of areas of the smart city. To improve the efficiency of machine learning, people realize efficient data classification by supporting the ML model, namely, the support vector machine (SVM) model, which is used in the realization of linear classification. However, data security and data protection are not addressed in SVM classifier training from multiple entity‐labeled IoT data. In the existing solution, they depend on the implicit hypothesis that learning data can be dependable collected from complex data providers, which is often not the reality. To solve the question between the above problems, in this article, we put forward a secure support vector machine—a secure SECURE SVM training scheme for protecting the privacy on encrypted IoT data based on blockchain. Firstly, a secure and dependable data encryption sharing platform is established among complex data providers by using blockchain technology, which is recorded in a distributed ledger. Secondly, the homomorphic cryptosystem is used to design secure components, and the secure polynomial multiplication is improved to design a secure SVM training algorithm, which only needs two interactions in one iteration and does not need a trusted third party. Finally, the experimental results display that the plan ensures the confidentiality of sensitive data of each data provider and the confidentiality and validity of SVM model parameters of data analysts.

J Dharani, K. Sundarakantham, Kunwar Singh, Shalinie S Mercy

No abstract is available for this record.

Lalith Medury, Siddhartha Ghosh

No abstract is available for this record.

Abhijeet Thakurdesai, Marian Sorin Nistor, Doina Bein, Stefan Pickl · 5 authors

No abstract is available for this record.