Al-hussaini Abulfathi Ibrahim Saleh Al-hussaini, Adamu Abubakar Ibrahim, Mohamad Fauzan Noordin, Hazwani Mohd Mohadis
This paper presents a user study of âperception of the cryptocurrency-based transaction from the Islamic viewsâ. The motivation lies with the fact that some users of cryptocurrency-based transaction raised concern on the nature of transactions with Bitcoin. Specifically, some argued that Bitcoin can be easily used for illegal purposes. Therefore, âTechnological Acceptance Modelâ was adopted and quantitative research methodology was utilized, to formulate and test some hypothesis that will lead to an establishment of a model. Sample of 306 participants was used in the study. The result of the hypothesis testing indicates that âBehavioral Intention to Use Cryptocurrency from the Islamic perspectiveâ is influenced directly by Shariâah Compliance, Perceived Ease of Use, Emotionality, Perceived Usefulness, and Financial Concern. As evident from the analysis, Emotionality is influenced directly by Financial concern and Shariâah Compliance. Whereas, Behavioral Intention is influenced indirectly by Financial Concern. The sample is general and does not specify a specific group of study. This study has contributed to understanding the Islamic issues behind the implementation of Cryptocurrency. This study adopted
Maciel M. Queiroz, Samuel Fosso Wamba, Marc de Bourmont, Renato Telles
The adoption of technologies by the operations and supply chain management (OSCM) field is leading to extraordinary disruptions. And with the rapid emergence of cutting-edge and more disruptive technologies, the OSCM is striving to take advantage of such innovations, but they are bringing in their wake a number of challenges. One of those disruptive technologies is blockchain, which is increasingly accepted in virtually all industries. This study aims to investigate the blockchain technology (BCT) adoption behaviour and possible barriers in the Brazilian OSCM context. We developed a model drawing on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model, the supply chain literature, and the emerging literature on BCT. We empirically validated the proposed model with Brazilian operations and supply chain professionals by using the partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Our findings revealed that facilitating conditions, trust, social influence, and effort expectancy are the most critical constructs that directly affect BCT adoption. Unexpectedly, performance expectancy appeared not decisive in terms of predicting BCT adoption. This study contributes to advancing and stimulating the theory about BCT adoption behaviour in supply chains, as well as important managerial implications, which may be more critical for emerging economies.
BACKGROUND: The application of blockchain technology is being explored to improve the interoperability of patient health information between healthcare organisations while maintaining the privacy and security of data. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this scoping review is to explore and categorise the benefits and threats of blockchain technology application in a healthcare system. METHODS: Databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, IEEE, Springer, and ScienceDirect were searched using a combination of terms related to blockchain, healthcare, benefits and threats. Backward-reference list checking was conducted to identify other relevant references. Study selection process was performed in three steps based on PRISMA flow diagram. Extracted data were synthesised and presented narratively using tables and figures. RESULTS: The search resulted in 84 relevant studies that have been conducted of which only 37 unique studies were included in this review. Eight benefits of blockchain were categorised in either patient related-benefits (security and authorisation, personalised healthcare, patients' health data tracking, and patient's health status monitoring) or organisational-related benefits (health information exchange, pharmaceutical supply chain, clinical trials, and medical insurance management). Meanwhile, eight threats of blockchain were categorised into three groups: organisational threats (installation and transaction costs, interoperability issues, and lack of technical skills), social threats (social acceptance and regulations issues), and technological threats (scalability issues, authorisation and security issues, high energy consumption, and slow processing speeds). CONCLUSION: Blockchain is a viable technology that can improve the healthcare data sharing and storing system owing to its decentralisation, immutability, transparency and traceability features. However, many healthcare organisations remain hesitant to adopt blockchain technology due to threats such as security and authorisation issues, interoperability issues and lack of technical skills related to blockchain technology.
The dynamic and uncertain demand forces organizations to provide flexible services in order to fulfill customer demands. Freight transportation, being the key component of the businesses, requires adoption of efficient Information and Communication Technologies which can induce transparent and flexible services. Blockchain Technology (BT) is an emerging technology which has great potential to cater solutions to freight transportation issues. This study identifies different critical success factors of BT adoption in freight transportation. An integrated Fuzzy Analytic Network Process (FANP) is applied to prioritize identified success factors. Further, modified Total Interpretive Structural Modeling (mTISM) is used to represent the interrelationship among different sub-factors. The findings of the study revealed Development Aspects, Customer Services and Technological Aspects as well as Data Transparency, Reliability and Organizational Culture as the most significant factors and sub-factors, respectively. The proposed model will guide freight transport managers to formulate their strategies regarding BT adoption.
Tim K. Mackey, Ken Miyachi, Danny Fung, Samson Qian ¡ 5 authors
BACKGROUND: An estimated US $2.6 billion loss is attributed to health care fraud and abuse. With traditional health care claims verification and reimbursement, the health care provider submits a claim after rendering services to a patient, which is then verified and reimbursed by the payer. However, this process leaves out a critical stakeholder: the patient for whom the services are actually rendered. This lack of patient participation introduces a risk of fraud and abuse. Blockchain technology enables secure data management with transparency, which could mitigate this risk of health care fraud and abuse. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to develop a framework using blockchain to record claims data and transactions in an immutable format and to enable the patient to act as a validating node to help detect and prevent health care fraud and abuse. METHODS: We developed a health care fraud and abuse blockchain technical framework and prototype using key blockchain tools and application layers including consensus algorithms, smart contracts, tokens, and governance based on digital identity on the Ethereum platform (Ethereum Foundation). RESULTS: Our technical framework maps to the claims adjudication process and focuses on Medicare claims, with the US Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) as the central authority. A prototype of the framework system was developed using the blockchain platform Ethereum (Ethereum Foundation), with its design features, workflow, smart contract functions, system architecture, and software implementation outlined. The software stack used to build the system consisted of a front-end user interface framework, a back-end processing server, and a blockchain network. React was used for the user interface framework, and NodeJS and an Express server were used for the back-end processing server; Solidity was the smart contract language used to interact with a local Ethereum blockchain network. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed framework and the initial prototype have the potential to improve the health care claims process by using blockchain technology for secure data storage and consensus mechanisms, which make the claims adjudication process more patient-centric for the purposes of identifying and preventing health care fraud and abuse. Future work will focus on the use of synthetic or historic CMS claims data to assess the real-world viability of the framework.
Blockchain technology has been recognized as one of the emerging technologies that can significantly innovate many industries. Major advantages of using blockchain technology includes reducing transaction costs, preventing data forgery and alteration, and further flexibility. The construction industry is generally considered as an industry that has great potentials for blockchain technology utilization mainly due to the high volume of transactions among various entities. Despite the perceived positive impact, there have been few cases of blockchain applications within the construction industry. This study is conducted with an aim of finding ways to apply blockchain technology to the construction industry. In order to identify potential application areas, construction lifecycle and project management knowledge areas are used in developing a survey questionnaire. Data collected from the survey is analyzed by employing importance performance analysis (IPA) method considering both applicability of the technology and anticipated impact from utilizing the technology. In relation to the construction project lifecycle, âProject Cost/Change Managementâ, âContract Bidding and Formationâ, and âProcurement Evaluationâ are emerged as top three candidates for blockchain application with high applicability and impact. Regarding the knowledge area, âProcurement Managementâ and âCost Managementâ are identified as the main blockchain application areas with high applicability and impact. All the identified specific construction tasks with high applicability and impact are related to âProcurementâ, âContractâ, and âCostâ. Therefore, it is reasonable to start focusing blockchain convergence efforts these areas and then expand them as the technology matures.
The blockchain technology developed in recent years is gradually applied in the supply chain. The application of this technology to the accounts receivable business model of supply chain finance can effectively solve the existing problems. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to actively explore the application of blockchain technology in the accounts receivable business model of supply chain finance. This article first briefly describes the development process, current situation and problems faced by the traditional accounts receivable business model of supply chain finance, and then analyzes the advantages of applying blockchain technology in supply chain finance to facilitate the establishment of supply chain financial credit system. Then this paper combines with the case of S platform of A Bank to analysis the problems of the accounts receivable business model of supply chain finance based on the blockchain technology, and finally provides suggestions for the application of blockchain in the accounts receivable business model of supply chain finance in the future.
BACKGROUND: Blockchain technology is leveraging its innovative potential in various sectors and its transformation of business-related processes has drawn much attention. Topics of research interest have focused on medical and health care applications, while research implications have generally concluded in system design, literature reviews, and case studies. However, a general overview and knowledge about the impact on the health care ecosystem is limited. OBJECTIVE: This paper explores a potential paradigm shift and ecosystem evolution in health care utilizing blockchain technology. METHODS: A literature review with a case study on a pioneering initiative was conducted. With a systematic life cycle analysis, this study sheds light on the evolutionary development of blockchain in health care scenarios and its interactive relationship among stakeholders. RESULTS: Four stages-birth, expansion, leadership, and self-renewal or death-in the life cycle of the business ecosystem were explored to elucidate the evolving trajectories of blockchain-based health care implementation. Focused impacts on the traditional health care industry are highlighted within each stage to further support the potential health care paradigm shift in the future. CONCLUSIONS: This paper enriches the existing body of literature in this field by illustrating the potential of blockchain in fulfilling stakeholders' needs and elucidating the phenomenon of coevolution within the health care ecosystem. Blockchain not only catalyzes the interactions among players but also facilitates the formation of the ecosystem life cycle. The collaborative network linked by blockchain may play a critical role on value creation, transfer, and sharing among the health care community. Future efforts may focus on empirical or case studies to validate the proposed evolution of the health care ecosystem.
Benjamin Musigmann, Heiko A. von der Gracht, Evi Hartmann
As part of business and management studies, research works addressed blockchain technology (BCT) in logistics and supply chain management (LSCM) first in 2016. Increasing levels of interest from researchers and practitioners alike have led to an increasing number of studies from both ends; however, a thorough bibliometric- and cocitation network analysis of BCT in LSCM research has not been carried out so far. To address this gap and to build a basis for future research endeavors, this article provides a bibliometric analysis on BCT, comprising data from 613 articles from academic supply chain research. It is therefore an easy-to-access entry point for academics and practitioners into the topic of BCT in LSCM. This study aims to understand the status of research of BCT in LSCM. To present the results, this article employs a bibliometric analysis methodology. It adopts a citation network analysis and a cocitation analysis. Based on a cocitation analysis, this article classifies the existing literature into five different research clusters, including theoretical sensemaking, conceptualizing and testing blockchain applications, framing BCT into supply chains, the technical design of BCT applications for real-world LSCM applications, and the role of BCT within digital supply chains.
Recently, businesses and government bodies in the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) sector have faced a key challenge to the delivery of effective project outcomes. Asset Information Modelling (AIM) is a process aimed to serve the asset process once the project is handed over. Considering that Blockchain is a new data management technology that is intended to provide security within a decentralized culture, this could be the foundation for improving asset processes. The research is achieved through a systematic review of the relevant literature. Several studies have been identified in Building Information Modelling (BIM) and Blockchain in the construction domain. However, there is little research conducted in the context of Asset Management Processes (AMP). Skilled people are the main challenge for AIM and Blockchain: findings show that a lack of technological awareness and its link to the adoption of using AIM and Blockchain in the asset management life cycle is the main problem.
Adoption of blockchain technology has been widely construed as disruptive. Blockchain is a distributed ledger technology. It is secure by design because of its cryptography and distributed consensus mechanism, which also offers anonymity, persistence, auditability and resilience. The construction industry adopts a project-based approach and globally has been considered as a fragmented sector, predominantly in unorganised space. Given these characteristics, the technology adoption has been slow. This study looks at the challenges and adopts interpretive structural modelling technique to understand the linkages between these barriers. This study can provide managerial insights into designing strategies for overcoming the barriers for adoption of this disruptive technology.
Jamshid Ali Turi, Alaeldeen Saleh Al Adresi, Mohd Ridzuan Darun, Fatimah Mahmud
The focus of this paper is to investigate the impact of information systems and blockchain technology on organizational learning effectiveness. Data was collected from the information system faculty and administrative staff of two different universities in Pakistan and a qualitative approach was used to achieve the objectives of the study. The paper discovered why and how faculty and administrators show resistance or exert influences or assist information system and blockchain initiatives in organizational learning effectiveness and sustainability. A qualitative approach was used in the study to comprehend the recurring phenomenon. The research finding demands the support of the senior faculty members, administrators, and most importantly, the leadership, in the design, orientation, and implementation of information systems and blockchain for organizational learning effectiveness.
Purpose Given the emerging nature of integrating blockchain into food traceability systems, this study aims to investigate the intention to participate in a blockchain-based Halal traceability system through a united model that consists of Halal orientation strategy, institutional theory and diffusion of innovation theory. Design/methodology/approach A sample that consists of 143 Malaysian Halal food and beverage manufacturers was drawn from Halal Malaysia Official Portal using the simple random sampling technique. The responses were collected from the key managerial personnel with experience and knowledge on the Halal supply chain using phone interviews. Subsequently, the partial least squares structural equation modelling approach was then used to analyse the theoretical model. Findings The manufacturers would go through a chain of the process before deciding to participate in the traceability system. Firstly, the manufacturers which practice a comprehensive Halal orientation strategy will be more perceptive towards the institutional pressures that demand them to participate in a traceability system. Secondly, in response to the pressures, the manufacturers would evaluate the technological characteristics of the system and subsequently develop their perceived desirability. Thirdly, the manufacturers with favourable perceived desirability shall decide to participate in the system. Originality/value This study advances the current literature of Halal supply chain, information systems, operations management and blockchain through an integrated model that could explain 73.19% of the variance in intention to participate.
Shuchih Ernest Chang, YiChian Chen, Ming-Fang Lu, Hueimin Louis Luo
BACKGROUND: In the home care industry, the assignment and tracking of care services are controlled by care centers that are centralized in nature and prone to inefficient information transmission. A lack of trust among the involved parties, information opaqueness, and large manual manipulation result in lower process efficiency. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore and demonstrate the application of blockchain and smart contract technologies to innovate/renovate home care services for harvesting the desired blockchain benefits of process transparency, traceability, and interoperability. METHODS: An object-oriented analysis/design combined with a unified modeling language tool was used to construct the architecture of the proposed home care service system. System feasibility was evaluated via an implementation test, and a questionnaire survey was performed to collect opinions from home care service respondents knowledgeable about blockchain and smart contracts. RESULTS: According to the comparative analysis results, the proposed design outperformed the existing system in terms of traceability, system efficiency, and process automation. Moreover, for the questionnaire survey, the quantitative analysis results showed that the proposed blockchain-based system had significantly (P<.001) higher mean scores (when compared with the existing system) in terms of important factors, including timeliness, workflow efficiency, automatic notifications, insurance functionality, and auditable traceability. In summary, blockchain-based home care service participants will be able to enjoy improved efficiency, better transparency, and higher levels of process automation. CONCLUSIONS: Blockchain and smart contracts can provide valuable benefits to the home care service industry via distributed data management and process automation. The proposed system enhances user experiences by mitigating human intervention and improving service interoperability, transparency/traceability, and real-time response to home care service events. Efforts in exploring and integrating blockchain-based home care services with emerging technologies, such as the internet of things and artificial intelligence, are expected to provide further benefits and therefore are subject to future research.
Algan Tezel, Eleni Papadonikolaki, Ä°brahim Yitmen, Per Hilletofth
Abstract Blockchain, a peer-to-peer, controlled, distributed database structure, has the potential to profoundly affect current business transactions in the construction industry through smart contracts, cryptocurrencies, and reliable asset tracking. The construction industry is often criticized for being slow in embracing emerging technologies and not effectively diffusing them through its supply chains. Often, the extensive fragmentation, traditional procurement structures, destructive competition, lack of collaboration and transparency, low-profit margins, and human resources are shown as the main culprits for this. As blockchain technology makes its presence felt strongly in many other industries like finance and banking, this study investigates the preparation of construction supply chains for blockchain technology through an explorative analysis. Empirical data for the study were collected through semi-structured interviews with 17 subject experts. Alongside presenting a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis (SWOT), the study exhibits the requirements for and steps toward a construction supply structure facilitated by blockchain technology.
Blockchain is a time-stamped series of immutable records it is managed by a cluster of computers<br> owned by different entities it allows only authorized participants to access data and log of all<br> entries. Multiple industries are adopting blockchain technology to innovate the way they function.<br> over two decades the hospitals function is the same. This space is rife with vertical innovation<br> moreover, are lag with horizontal innovation patient identification and information blocking which<br> is a huge problem in the healthcare industry. With blockchain the healthcare sector can achieve<br> data efficiency, data access flexibility, interconnection, transparency, security, and more. Global<br> economic slowdown has taken a toll on financial services. Forcing Indian companies to expose in<br> the global economy. In the case of finance blockchain help reduce potential costs, labor savings,<br> safe, secure, decentralized, transparent and more. The purpose of this paper is to review the<br> development of blockchain and healthcare, financial services and to provide some references for<br> the possible application of blockchain technology to the healthcare and financial services.<br> secondly, several application scenarios of blockchain in healthcare and financial services are put<br> forward, Finally, the challenges that still exist when applying blockchain technology based on its<br> current implementations in healthcare and financial services.
Purpose Blockchain technology is booming in many industries. Its application in supply chain management is also gradually increasing. Supply chain management (SCM) has long been committed to reducing costs and increasing efficiency and is trying to optimise resources and reduce the sector's fragmentation. Trust has always been an important factor in managing supply chain relationships, and it also affects the efficiency of supply chain operations. To this end, this study aims to examine how trust is affected by the introduction of blockchain technology in construction supply chain management. Design/methodology/approach This study is based on semi-structured interviews and publicly available information from experts in blockchain and construction supply chain management. Through content analysis, the data are analysed thematically to explore how various types of trust, such as system-based, cognition-based and relation-based, are affected by blockchain technology. Findings Blockchain technology provides solutions for data tracking, contracting and transferring resources in supply chain management. These applications help enhance the various sources of trust in SCM and provide supply chain partners with protection mechanisms to avoid the risks and costs of opportunistic behaviour in collaboration, shifting trust from relational to system-based and cognition-based. Research limitations/implications This study focuses only on inter-organisational rather than interpersonal trust and empirical data from experts whose knowledge and cognition could be subjective. Practical implications Leveraging the potential of digitalisation to manage trust requires that leaders and managers actively try to improve contractual arrangements, information sharing and being open to new innovative technologies like blockchain. Social implications From a relational view of supply chain management, the extent to which blockchain technology can develop and spread depends on the readiness of the social capital to accept decentralised governance structures. Originality/value This study builds upon an original data set and discusses features and applications of blockchain technology, explores the sources and dimensions of trust in supply chain management and explains the impact of blockchain technology on trust.
Blockchain technology is gaining consideration more and more and will potentially revolutionize most of the industries. Bitcoin cryptocurrency which uses Blockchain platform, has even promoted this technology more. Blockchain is a decentralized source and encrypted database for storing transaction information. Instead of being dependent on a centralised mediator like bank, by using blockchain, parties can transfer fund promptly trough connected ledgers called blocks. Using this method transactions will significantly be more transparent for both parties. Consequently, transactions are performed based on the distributed trust among other blockchain users in the network. Blockchain will promote transparency in every industry, yet implementation of blockchain technology is still limited. This study focuses to study the possible factors affecting adoption of blockchain technology by focusing on literature review and using Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology as a theoretical basis.
The purpose of the study is to identify and explore different applications of blockchain technology in supply chain management and suggest a framework for their analysis. The study addresses researchers' conflicting opinions regarding the hype of blockchain and clarifies which minor applications are hyped and which are currently more applicable. That helps supply chain practitioners appraise the different applications of blockchains before it is too late to revise a decision regarding their use. The framework was developed based on a systematic literature review of blockchain-related articles, and it was examined with semi-structured interviews with four companies that applied the technology. Findings from the study suggested that traceability and supply chain finance seemed to be the most applicable applications of blockchain technology in supply chain management. But, light was also shed on other applications such as: compliance with standards, supply chain integration and digitalization of the transactions. This study was restricted by the availability of applied cases, as blockchain remains an emerging technology. Therefore, this study cannot be considered a case research, but a literature review followed by a limited number of interviews. However, the study resulted in a conceptual framework that forms the basis for further exploratory studies with more empirical data.
Blockchain technology can be termed as a revolutionary innovation that has transformed the manner of data sharing by making it more secure and immutable. The existence of a mutual trust model which includes every participating entity makes it a widespread adopted technology in recent years. Due to i
The behavioural intention to adopt Blockchain for supply chain management (BCSCM) is studied in this paper. The research framework adopted considers how Performance Expectancy (PE), Effort Expectancy (EE), Facilitating Condition (FC), Technology Readiness (TR), Technology Affinity (TA) and Trust (TT) can lead to the adoption of the technology. Data gathered from 157 firms is analysed using SPSS version 2 while the quality of the measurement is tested using WarpPLS. Findings revealed that FC, TR and TA have a positive influence on intention to use BCSCM and regulatory support moderates the effect of FC. This study offers valuable insights into the applicability of Blockchain technology for supply chain management.