Ravi Sridharan, Linda Joseph, Thangakumar Jeyaprakash, Sriram Likith Kumar · 5 authors
Humans' primary source of nutrition is food. Consuming a high-quality product is important in everyone's life and also food is essential to our survival. Traditional approaches do not provide consumers with the capacity to trace what they consume. The process can be made transparent from starting to end by utilizing the Blockchain technology. With the integration of blockchain technology, supply chain can provide consumers with advanced traceability and trus t in the final product. Recently, Ethereum is emerging as a peer-to-peer, decentralized blockchain platform with smart contract functionality. The major purpos e of this res earch study is to encourage the farmers to utilize microfinance in order to invest in their crops and to encourage farmers to utilize the capital offered by them without incurring debt. By verifying all prior production, an inves tment offer will be created for the farmers' crop.
Deep learning (DL) is a new approach that provides exceptional speed in healthcare activities with greater accuracy. In this regard, “convolutional neural network” or CNN and blockchain are two important parts that together fasten the disease detection procedures securely. CNN can detect and predict diseases like lung cancer and help determine food quality, and blockchain is responsible for data. This research is going to analyze the extension of blockchain with the help of CNN for lung cancer prediction and making food safer. CNN algorithm has been trained with a huge number of images by altering the filters, features, epoch values, padding value, kernel size, and resolution. Subsequently, the CNN accuracy has been measured to understand how these factors affect the accuracy. A linear regression analysis has been carried out in IBM SPSS where the independent variables selected are image dataset augmentation, epochs, features, pixel size (90 × 90 to 512 × 512), kernel size (0–7), filters (10–40), and padding. The dependent variable is the accuracy of CNN. Findings suggested that a larger number of epochs improve the CNN accuracy; however, when more than 12 epochs are considered, the accuracy may decrease. A greater pixel/resolution also improves the accuracy of cancer and food image detection. When images are provided with excellent features and filters, the CNN accuracy improves. The main objective of this research is to comprehend how the independent variables affect the accuracy (dependent), but the reading may not be fully exact, and thus, the researcher has conceded out a minor task, which delivered evidence supportive of the analysis and against the analysis. As a result, it can be determined that image augmentation and a large number of images develop the CNN accuracy in lung cancer prediction and food safety determination when features and filters are applied correctly. A total of 10–12 epochs are desirable for CNN to receive 99% accuracy with 1 padding.
The cryptospace, DeFi, non-fungible tokens (NFTs) and blockchain technology far more typically, has been getting significantly mainstream and perhaps popular buyers like Kevin O’Leary have publicly extra crypto tokens to their portfolios. In 2021 by yourself, the value from the cryptocurrency market soared by somewhere around $1.5 trillion, signifying just about a 200% rise in the general sector price over the course with the yr (Chinchalkar, 2021) and a clear indication in the alternatives involved in investing in the crypto House. Nevertheless, it can be challenging to know exactly where to start and navigate the minefield of the new unregulated money Area
Open access
Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
Internet of Things and AI
Innovations and Analysis in Business and Education
Akhtar Badshah, Muhammad Waqas, Fazal Muhammad, Ghulam Abbas · 5 authors
The revolution brought about by intelligent Internet of Things (IoT) systems has impacted every sphere of life, including but not limited to smart healthcare, grid, home, industry, logistics, and environmental monitoring. IoT systems traditionally are plagued with security vulnerabilities and scalability issues. In recent years, blockchain technology has widely emerged as a potential solution for secure, trusted, and efficient storing, processing, and data sharing. This article aims to incorporate IoT in conjunction with blockchain by introducing an intermediary layer in the IoT ecosystem. Thus, an intelligent blockchain-enabled IoT (BIoT) framework is proposed for smart applications to provide data reliability, privacy, and scalability in IoT ecosystems. Moreover, several real-life BIoT case studies are highlighted and comparatively analyzed to discuss the contribution of our proposed layer vis-á-vis conventional blockchain-IoT ecosystems. Finally, based on the analysis, we outline some futuristic directions and open challenges for the BIoT.
Blockchain is an emerging Technology that leads to significant changes in business, finance, government, healthcare, real estate industry and will have a huge impact in the upcoming year. It is way through which economy will going to transform. It is chain of blocks that contain information. It is a shared immutable ledger that facilitates the tracking of assets in a business network (assets can be tangible: a house, a cash or intangible like intellectual property, patent, copyright, branding) and it keeps track or process of transactions. Blockchain is system where no one can hack data, make changes or cheat the system. As Blockchain is Decentralized system and distributed Ledger that aims to ensure security, transparency and integrity. Since it can
The IoT has greatly evolved and is drawing a lot of attention from academics and industries. Unfortunately, due to a lack of standard safety methods, IoT privacy concerns and security flaws have ascended. The current model of the IoT relies on a centralized cloud server, resulting in single-point failures. The blockchain method was introduced as a decentralized method to ensure security standards and linked to IoT owing to its decentralization and information disclosure. In the present study, initially, the basic structure of blockchain is explained following the integration of IoT with blockchain. The review of the wide-ranging hierarchy of blockchain-IoT applications across multiple segments defined as a systematic and operational content analysis of the scholarly papers is done. The foremost blockchain-based IoT applications are described in order to stimulate the functionalities and benefits of the blockchain approach on IoT systems.
Balaji Ramkumar Rajagopal, B Anjanadevi, Madiha Tahreem, Sonu Kumar · 6 authors
In the modern decade, utilizing advances in emerging technologies is essential in operating automation in the workplace. Blockchain constructs a distributed point-to-point system that is capable of balancing the financial economy. In the automation process, the rapid adoption of blockchain technology has made both public and social services flexible. In order to achieve the objectives and goals of an individual organization, all the advancements of Artificial Intelligence (AI) bring both opportunities and challenges. This paper provides a competitive literature review regarding the factors related to blockchain technology and artificial intelligence to operate the parking system in automation service by mitigating its potential issues. In this study, the researcher has discussed blockchain security enhancement solutions by adopting AI to develop several blockchain transportation systems. The purpose of this research article is to investigate the impact of blockchain technology and artificial intelligence on the automation service. The researcher has adopted a secondary data collection method to gather relevant data and information related to the research topic to make the study more valuable and authentic. Similarly, the collected resources used quantitative methods to malaise the data to be understandable. Moreover, this study will help the readers to understand the appropriate effectiveness of AI to control automation activity. In this research article, the description of the Industrial Revolution and its benefits are also described. This research article focuses on the open issues of automation in the workplace that can be controlled by artificial intelligence and blockchain technology.
Pallavi Shetty, M. Ranjith Kumar, Tushar Vyas, M Angulakshmi · 6 authors
Controlling technological processes using digital technologies affects minimizing costs, both in terms of time and economy, and consequently dramatically increases labor productivity. Optimization of automation of controlled processes based on digital technologies is one of the main directions of development of information technologies. Increasing the dependability of the data of controlled mechanisms is one of the main directions of research today. In the modern era of information and globalization, a sharp growth in the set of data leads to the evolution of processes for storing, processing, and transferring data in network technologies. As a result, the problem of data reliability in these networked systems is growing. Today, improving data reliability based on information security is an urgent problem. Blockchain technology, which appeared at the beginning of this century, represents a new approach to securing data in networked systems. The priority of blockchain technology is the presence of a special cryptographic chain in its structure. This study addressed the issue of improving cryptographic techniques and cryptographic strength analysis based on blockchain mechanisms. The modern RSA6 cryptographic method has been improved based on the blockchain engine and the D_ RSA6 algorithm has been developed. The crypto security of the D_RSA6 algorithm has been analyzed and experimented with. It is proved that the developed algorithm D_RSA6 is the optimal method for increasing the reliability of network systems data. The algorithm, based on the integration of blockchain technology with cryptographic methods, leads to a 2-fold increase in cryptocurrency tolerance. This allows you to increase the reliability of the data.
M Vijay Bhasker Reddy, Rajiv Kumar, Akash Bag, Abdulnaser A. Hagar · 6 authors
As block chain technology is a new approach in security world. So, hereby we will describe the multilayer security network authentication system development through block chain technology as this article describes a multi-layer secure Internet of Things network concept block chain - based. The approach decreases the difficulties of real block chain technology deployment by separating the Iot devices into a cross de-centric networking and adopting block chain platform at all stages of the network, while keeping the block chain technology's heavily guarded and credibility assurance. It offers an Internet of Things wide-area networking solution. Block chain is a series of information-containing blocks. The data recorded within a block is determined by the kind of block chain. A Bit coin Block, for example, comprises information on the Sender, Receiver, and the quantity of bit coin to be transmitted. The Genesis block is the initial block in the chain. The block chain's objective is to distribute information among all persons that access it through an application. Reading and writing accessibility to this ledger can be unfettered ('permission less') or controlled (,permission‘). It is now possible to securely communicate, read, and save digital information using block chain. Furthermore, it employs cryptographic encryption to safeguard each transaction. Banks may raise their present security and transparency standards to new heights by doing so.
Hashem Ali Almashaqbeh, Pacha Malyadri, Bojja. Suryanarayana Reddy, Shaik Vaseem Akram · 6 authors
The purpose of this research work is to understand the ways and benefits of block chain in mitigating the risks associated with crypto currencies. The literature review has demonstrated that risks associated with it are related to regulations and cyber attacks. The findings of this research have explained that algorithm-based learning and efficiency peer to peer framework has helped to mitigate these risks.
Naveen Chakravarthy Sattaru, Dhananjay Umrao, K. K. Ramachandran, K. Karthick · 6 authors
In this current era, Machine Learning (ML) Approach is widely used as a predictive technology in transportation, finance, advertising, travel, healthcare, and various manufacturing industries across the globe. The modern-day financial market around the globe has experienced its deep impact on various aspects of digital pricing. Enormous organizations use numerous digital pricing techniques in order to generate maximum profit percentages for a sustainable future while conducting global business. On the other hand, the effective applications of the machine learning approach also offer relevant advantages in the Cryptocurrency Markets worldwide. It has been identified that with the use of ML approaches, organizations can conduct faster as well as cheaper transfers and exchange of money through virtual mediums easier than before. Moreover, Machine learning can easily improve all the trading strategies in the cryptocurrency and digital pricing markets for gaining more profit as well as adaptable business experience for future experiments. Researchers are going to investigate the particular research topic with an effective quantitative method by conducting secondary method as well as asking topic-related questions. In the modern share markets, undertaking numerous innovative ML technologies for enhancing efficiency in digital pricing and cryptocurrency has become easier. Therefore, the research paper sheds some important light on the impacts of ML approaches and their contributions in cryptocurrency trading and digital pricing for obtaining further research scopes.
Dubbed as distributed ledger technology, the based on blockchain (DLT). The fundamental features of blockchains include a shared ledger, updates that happen in almost real time, are time- and date-stamped, are secured, and support for programming programs. Human brains use nodes that are connected, which are similar to cells in the brain, to accomplish deep learning. As a result, human brains with many Deep learning is accomplished by using hidden layers.The confluence of block chain technology and artificial intelligence has been the focus of extensive recent research in payment information (AI). It is covered to use these artificial neural networks. The usage of blockchain technology can cut humankind’s carbon emissions. AI. If AI robots take the role of human workers, mining companies will dramatically drop in energy and cost use.
Digital archive management solutions have become increasingly popular in archive management as information technology and wireless technology have advanced. Unlike traditional paper archives, which have inherent distinctiveness and strong tamper-proof modification, electronic files and data are mainly stated based on the available data base. Today's Internet enables marketers to reach deeper into their present customers, establish new online marketplaces, and drive new demand. This dynamic market involvement employs modern technology to more effectively target customers. In this research article, we analyze how block chain technology may influence a company's marketing efforts. This research blends block chain technology alongside distributed ledgers, consensus processes, encryption techniques, and so forth. There are several incentives available to businesses who want to participate in green products. To beginning with, a company's perceived dedication to environmental concerns is a growing element affecting many consumers' buying patterns?As a result, electronic information management is required for its capacity to properly store and retrieve huge amounts of data while ensuring computer system performance integrity.
T Munirathinam., Gaurav Ameta, P. Lavanya, Saqif Ayaan Sudheer · 6 authors
Recently, the Industry 4.0 transformation meets up with a motion-based secure communication framework through smart-home IoT healthcare gadgets in assisting aged persons or else persons, who have some specific requirements and similar advancement in the technology has been growing. Such a system makes use of a decentralized blockchain agreement to store smart-home IoT healthcare information along with customer identification. For storing primitive mixed media IoT tactile payload and motion information, the structure employs an off-chain solution. A smart mortgage holder or expert organization might create a digital real place with a solid computerized hard drive for every person as well as recognized Internet-of-Things healthcare gadgets using our proposed health checking structure. Many allowed house occupants can collaborate with detectors applied to monitor IoT-enabled smart-home supervising detectors, enroll clients also Internet-of-Things wellbeing tangible medium, and transmit value-based parameters with the use of security symbol, in addition to unrefined Internet-of-Things wellbeing information updating via signal. Here, the modeling, as well as execution information of the smart-home wellbeing observation system, is proposed, including motion-based communication utilizing wellbeing gadgets like AI-locks and lights, those use decentralized BC in safety, faith, computerised personality, also security protection.
P. William, N Yogeesh, S. Vimala, Pratik Gite · 5 authors
With ever-evolving internet models automating and digitizing innumerable industrial and domestic applications, today’s world has achieved tremendous gains in the exchange of healthcare data and the initiation of essential measures. Private information and data integrity are the two most important considerations in today’s healthcare data-sharing environment. Encryption is critical when it comes to health records and other sensitive data in order to prevent unauthorized parties from seeing or accessing the data. There may be no feasible method to deploy typical encryption algorithms through the intermediary node, and the intermediary nodes should not be given excessive weight. Blockchain technology may be used to encrypt data between nodes in the 5G network’s design, and this article addresses the different security difficulties that exist in the current mechanism and the current strategies for IoT-driven healthcare monitoring frameworks’ security solutions. The proposed approach was evaluated using a variety of performance parameters, and the findings indicated that it outperformed the alternatives.
Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support Systems
Abstract In last decade the oil and gas industry gradually adopted new innovative technologies and began shifting towards intelligence and digitalization. Emerging Technologies such as the autonomous car, Blockchain and the Internet of Things are playing a more vital role in improving efficiency and effectiveness in many businesses around the globe. Presently blockchain technology applications are more focused around financial and data security sectors. There exists a tremendous opportunity to leverage blockchain technology and explore possible applications in oil and gas. This paper focuses on blockchain technology and answers three basic questions (why, what and how) related to application of blockchain technology and use of distributed ledgers to leverage safety management systems. The novel methodology mentioned in this paper could be used extensively to develop consistent company best practices thereby improving health and safety performance in oil and gas and other related sectors. In addition to the increased efficiency, the Safety Management System section provides a company with an effective tool for designing, developing and implementing a safety management program that helps to be in compliance with regulation. Additionally, it will provide a basis for safe process operation, production and facility equipment reliabality.
Randeep Singh, Bilal Ahmed Mir, Lohith J. J, Dhruva Sreenivasa Chakravarthi · 7 authors
A radio communication sensor system is a collection of sensor modules that are connected to one another through wireless communication. It is common for them to be battery-powered and responsive to a nearby controller, referred to as the base station. They are capable of doing basic computations and transferring information to the base station in most scenarios. They are also in charge of transporting data from distant nodes, putting a burden on nodes with limited resources, and contributing to the quick depletion of energy in these nodes in the process. Nodes in close proximity to the base station are responsible for more than only detecting and sending data to the base station; they are also responsible for transmitting data from faraway nodes. To reward nodes that perform well, a protocol known as the Improved Fuzzy Inspired Energy Effective Protocol (IFIEEP) employs three separate sorts of nodes in order to provide more energy to those who do not. It takes into account the remaining node energy, the node's proximity to the base station, the node's neighbor concentration, and the node's centrality in a cluster when determining node viability. All of these assumptions are founded on a shaky understanding of the situation. Adaptive clustering must be applied to the most viable nodes in order to identify cluster leaders and transmit data to the base station, in addition to disseminating data across the rest of the network, in order to achieve success. In addition, the research provides proper heterogeneity parameters, which describe, among other things, the number of nodes as well as the starting energy of each node. The percentage gain in-network lifetime when compared to current approaches is minor for smaller numbers of supernodes; however, the percentage gain in the area covered 12.89 percent and 100% when more significant numbers of super nodes are used. These improvements in stability, residual energy, and throughput are accomplished by combining these improvements while also taking into consideration the previously neglected energy-intensive sensing energy aspect. The protocol that has been presented is meant to be used in conjunction with applications that make use of blockchain technology.
Internet of Things (IoT) is the new development of Information Technology which connects the devices with Internet to make them smart. IoT has a variety of applications viz., smart healthcare, smart transport, smart agriculture, and smart city. Healthcare IoT facilitates correspondence between doctors and patients. The patients can be analysed remotely in critical situations with help of smart wearable devices. Healthcare records are very sensitive and any violation can cause unwanted severe consequences. Therefore, patients' data must be highly secured. Blockchain helps to maintain the high-level security in the healthcare IoT. Blockchain also provides immutability and confidentiality. This paper presents a brief survey on security in healthcare IoT with blockchain. We found that security can be enhanced in healthcare framework using blockchain.
The health system in today's real world is significant but difficult and overcrowded. These hurdles can be diminished using improved health record management and blockchain technology. These technologies can handle medical data to provide security by monitoring and maintaining patient records. The processing of medical data and patient records is essential to analyze the earlier prescribed medicines and to understand the severity of diseases. Blockchain technology can improve the security, performance, and transparency of sharing the medical records of the current healthcare system. This paper proposed a novel framework for personal health record (PHR) management using IBM cloud data lake and blockchain platform for an effective healthcare management process. The problem in the blockchain-based healthcare management system can be minimized with the utilization of the proposed technique. Significantly, the traditional blockchain system usually decreases the latency. Therefore, the proposed technique focuses on improving latency and throughput. The result of the proposed system is calculated based on various matrices, such as F1 Score, Recall, and Confusion matrices. Therefore, the proposed work scored high accuracy and provided better results than existing techniques.
The development of the IoT is rapidly growing. These IoT devices are mainly deployed to control and report environmental changes, prevent risks, and bring many beneficial services. However, these benefits may open doors to the adversaries in conjunction with security vulnerabilities and privacy issues. In the recent past, Blockchain has been an emerging technology that reaches several use-cases apart from cryptocurrency. For instance, IoT integration with Blockchain implementation yet indefinite required further research because of resource-constrained IoT devices and ledger-based Blockchain protocol design. This paper presents the systematic implementation of securing IoT devices by enabling the Ethereum Blockchain smart contract. The results show that the collected information is securely stored in the Blockchain after successful authentication. Practical Application: Blockchain innovations have the power to transform manufacturing, construction, healthcare and building supply chains by eliminating the middleman, streamlining operations, improving overall security, and simplifying data management. Onboarding, recordkeeping, client screening, data management, security, privacy, and transaction and trade processing are examples of several practice applications in the financial, insurance, and eHealth services industries. Thus, this study ensures security by enabling Ethereum blockchain and smart contracts in an authentic blockchain applications for building sustainable environments to improve readability and trustworthiness of the transactions.
Precision Agriculture (PA) can be considered one of the modern innovations in the field of agriculture where the latest technologies can be used to improve the quantity and quality of agriculture products. Whether it comes to farming or livestock, the consumer community always prefer better products. This paper looks into the models in which IoT, Machine Learning and blockchain technology can be integrated to form a network through which the concept of precision agriculture can be obtained. Deployment of feasible blockchain networks is done and transactions between the other two elements are also studied.