Blockchain Papers

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1,337 papersLast indexed Aug 31, 2026
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Jul 4, 2022·Elsevier eBooks
8 cites
Fundamentals of blockchain technology

R. Kanthavel, A. Anju, R. Adline Freeda, R. Dhaya · 5 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

2 source records
Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
IoT and Edge/Fog Computing
Internet of Things and AI
Original source
Jun 30, 2022·IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management
15 cites
Blockchain-Based Sensitive Document Storage to Mitigate Corruptions

James Mahlaba, Amit Kumar Mishra, Deepak Puthal, Pradip Kumar Sharma

Currently, all document processes in developing countries require third-party (human) verification; this makes said documents susceptible to human error. Blockchain technology makes the need for a central authority redundant as the devices needing to download digital assets are connected to one another via a peer-to-peer network. It allows for the exchange and storage of digital assets without the need for third-party oversight. The main objective of this article is to develop a blockchain solution in an attempt to mitigate corruption. The contribution details a document verification process as a solution to lessen third-party access to sensitive information and ensure that it is safe and untampered with. The solution proposed to this issue was the introduction of blockchain technology to aid in document verification. This makes the entire system decentralized and reduces the amount of third-party access to sensitive information. Using blockchain makes documents immutable thus reducing corrupt activity such as identity theft and ghost accounts. A blockchain implementation in the field of document verification also dissolves the need for certified copies, which then allows for better use of state funds and public service workers. This work can prove to be a major enabler to achieve sustainable development goal-16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions).

Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
Currency Recognition and Detection
Internet of Things and AI
Original source
Jun 29, 2022·Security and Communication Networks
64 cites
Mining Cryptocurrency-Based Security Using Renewable Energy as Source

Lokesh Gundaboina, Sumit Badotra, Tarandeep Kaur Bhatia, Kulbhushan Sharma · 7 authors

Cryptocurrency mining and blockchain technology using renewable energy as the main electricity source has gained attention for sustainable development in financial areas. However, very few studies have been reported concerning the power usage of cryptocurrencies using renewable energy. In this article, we report the effect of overclocking and undervolting on power usage and the hash rate for mining dogecoin with solar energy as renewable energy. The mining rig used in this work consists of different graphics processing units (GPUs) and non-LHR (lite hash rate) cards. The UnMineable software has been used for mining dogecoin as well as for wallet integration. The results indicate that mining dogecoin with solar energy as renewable energy consumes 2000 Watts power with overclocking and 1700 Watts power with undervolting technique. This work implicates the potential future of crypto-mining with renewable energy and the hardware configuration associated with it, which is expected to reduce e-waste and improve sustainable development. To reduce the e-waste and high electricity consumption, we have introduced two important techniques named GPU optimization and use of renewable energy for mining, which helps the miners to reduce the e-waste and electricity consumption significantly at the same time getting most out of the GPU by not having any impact on the environment.

Open access
Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
Internet of Things and AI
IoT and Edge/Fog Computing
Original source
Jun 23, 2022·2022 International Conference on Computing, Communication, Security and Intelligent Systems (IC3SIS)
8 cites
Securing Distributed Data Mechanism Based On Blockchain Technology

R Sujan, K Suresh

Providing consistent security in certain network of any organisation is most important and difficult too. One of the important objective components of operations for storage and acquiring healthcare data is hospital data management. The main challenging issues in the medical sector today is protecting data against hackers. Because the data acquired from people in healthcare field is so sensitive, security precautions in today’s market are required. Existing research have been implemented to share data wirelessly, like this one, which uses Patient ID to store healthcare data. Data authentication and data secrecy are two major data security challenges discussed in this paper. Data secrecy is protected by the implementation of the Blockchain system, which enable ethical people to use required data. This study focuses on using blockchain technology to build encryption methods such as triple DES and Blowfish, as well as a reliable method to successfully transfer data. This algorithms are used one after the other for encryption purpose to make more finetune and then it is made to several blocks which can be stored in cloud. Finally, the data is encrypted and saved in cloud infrastructure. The medical reports are stored within the network using cloud computing technology, which allows for quick approach to data. The data can be decrypted and processed with concern person by an authenticated user. Then processed data is stored on the cloud server using blockchain after processing. As a result it is useful to make patient data more secure by using combination of both algorithms and blockchain technology where intruders cant breakout this security easily.

Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
IoT and Edge/Fog Computing
Internet of Things and AI
Original source
Jun 23, 2022·Journal of Food Quality
30 cites
A Comparative Analysis of Blockchain in Enhancing the Drug Traceability in Edible Foods Using Multiple Regression Analysis

K. Suresh Kumar, Vinay Kumar Nassa, Dipesh Uike, Ashima Kalra · 7 authors

The growing need for access to safer food items is increasing, and hence, there is a need for a better supply chain management system in the food industry is increasing. The increased complexity of the existing systems tends to introduce more issues to the stakeholders, and also, the cost of product traceability is quite high. Hence, the industry is looking for effective solutions in relation to drug traceability, and the application of Blockchain technology enables the stakeholders in the food and beverage (F&B) sector to track the movement of goods, supported in gathering the required details so that the contaminated products can be identified and recalled without much delay and lesser recall costs to protect the lives of the individuals. The tampered food items are increasing and are impacting the supply chain process, brand name of the companies, and claim assurance. They create an adverse impact on the health of the individuals and cause higher economic loss to the health-care industry. The existing studies tend to focus on laying emphasis of the need for an enhanced, effective, and end tracking systems in the industry. The emergence of Blockchain technology enables centralized tracking of information support in enhancing the data privacy and increasing transparency and support in eradicating the tampered food products in the supply chain system. These approaches leverage the usage of smart contracts and decentralize the storage of information in a secure manner for enhanced product traceability in the F&B industry. The implementation of smart contracts generates better data governance, which tends to meet the needs and requirements of the stakeholders, and applies effective measures of food traceability. The primary objective of the study is to perform an analysis of Blockchain in enhancing drug traceability in the food sector. The researcher uses quantitative analysis for the study as it helps in understanding the critical determinants influencing drug traceability in food effectively, the survey method is used to gather the information, and past reviews are also used to possess a better understanding of the subject area effectively.

Open access
Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
Blockchain Technology in Education and Learning
Internet of Things and AI
Original source
Jun 23, 2022·2022 International Conference on Computing, Communication, Security and Intelligent Systems (IC3SIS)
6 cites
Vaccine Supply Management using Blockchain

Pritamsunder Idayakumar, Sakshi Mahadik, Ishita Paul, Suvarna Chaure

In late 2019, we witnessed the apparition of the COVID-19 virus. It first appeared in Wuhan, China and due to people traveling worldwide, it spread globally. The world went into a global lockdown because of its exponential spread and high mortality rates. Social distancing measures, crises in the economy, and healthcare posed many challenges for scientists, researchers, and healthcare workers. To try to combat this situation, multiple vaccines were tried, tested, and created in a very short amount of time. Therefore, a robust yet transparent supply chain system is very crucial in ensuring an efficient vaccination campaign. We propose a blockchain-based vaccination supply chain system to manage the registration, storage and distribution of the vaccines. Blockchain is a decentralized, distributed ledger that records all the transactions happening between the nodes in the network. The data is stored in the ledger in the form of blocks that are linked to each other by hashes, this makes tampering with the data virtually impossible. Blockchain properties will provide a distributed system along with greater privacy, transparency, and authenticity. Smart contracts deployed will help in monitoring and tracking the proper vaccine distribution conditions against the rules and regulations given by the authorities. The tamperproof nature of blockchain would ensure the supply of proper distribution of only authentic vaccines in a timely manner and traceability of the supply chain will help in increasing the people’s trust in the vaccination campaign.

Open access
Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
Blood donation and transfusion practices
Internet of Things and AI
Original source
Jun 23, 2022·Energies
99 cites
Blockchain Technology for Renewable Energy: Principles, Applications and Prospects

Oskar Juszczyk, Khuram Shahzad

Blockchain, or distributed ledger, is an innovative technology that is emerging in various sectors and industries across the globe. It has attracted the attention of different interest groups such as energy companies, SMEs and start-ups, information technology developers, financial institutions, national authorities, and the university community. Through, for example, the decentralization of authority in transactions, Internet of Things (IoT) implementation, and smart contracting, the improvement of the daily business operations is firmly forecasted. In the energy sector, digitalization is already present in solutions such as smart grids, smart meters, electric vehicles, etc. Moreover, a new concept of the Internet of Energy (IoE) has been introduced in the academic literature. In this article, the level of trust and maturity of Blockchain technology implementation is investigated through the Blockchain Maturity Questionnaire, developed by the authors. The database consists of responses from upper management professionals from the renewable energy industry. The analysis reveals the state of know-how about Blockchain, the main benefits and bottlenecks associated with its implementation as well as willingness to integrate this technology in the case companies’ future operations. The insight from the industry experts helped to provide a “Roadmap for Blockchain Adoption” in future energy systems. This curiosity study yields numerous applications not only for the renewable energy industry experts but also for the interest groups coming from different industries, as well as public authorities and researchers scrutinizing the fields taken into its scope.

Open access
Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
IoT and Edge/Fog Computing
Internet of Things and AI
Original source
Jun 21, 2022·Symmetry
65 cites
Analysis of Blockchain in the Healthcare Sector: Application and Issues

Ammar Odeh, Ismail Keshta, Qasem Abu Al‐Haija

The emergence of blockchain technology makes it possible to address disparate distributed system security concerns in formerly ridiculous practices. A key factor of this ability is the decentralization of the symmetrically distributed ledgers of blockchain. Such decentralization has replaced several security functionalities of centralized authority with the use of cryptographic systems. That is, public or asymmetric cryptography is the key part of what makes blockchain technology possible. Recently, the blockchain experience introduces the chance for the healthcare field to implement these knowhows in their electronic records. This adoption supports retaining and sharing the symmetrical patient records with the appropriate alliance of hospitals and healthcare providers in a secure decentralized system, using asymmetric cryptography like hashing, digitally signed transactions, and public key infrastructure. These include specialized applications for drug tracking, applications for observing patients, or Electronic Health Records (EHR). Therefore, it is essential to notice that the principled awareness of the healthcare professionals is the leading point of the right perception ethics. In this work, we provide a thorough review of the issues and applications of utilizing blockchain in the healthcare and medical fields emphasizing the particular challenges and aspects. The study adopted a systematic review of secondary literature in answering the research question. Specifically, this paper aims to investigate how blockchain technology can be applied to improve the overall performance of the healthcare sector and to explore the various challenges and concerns of the application of blockchain in the healthcare system.

Open access
2 source records
Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
IoT and Edge/Fog Computing
Internet of Things and AI
Original source
Jun 17, 2022·Advances in finance, accounting, and economics book series
28 cites
Blockchain Platform to Resolve Security Issues in IoT and Smart Networks

Pawan Whig, Arun Velu, Rahul Reddy Nadikattu

IoT provided a unified operating picture across a wide range of modern-day applications. The operating image is accomplished thanks to improvements in wireless sensor network devices that can interact over a network, exchanging data and executing various analyses. The only way to share information and authenticate data in the internet of things is through a central server, which raises security and privacy problems. Device spoofing, incorrect authentication, and a lack of data exchange dependability are all possibilities. A central server idea is abolished, and blockchain technology is used as part of IoT to solve such security and privacy problems. This chapter examines the potential security and privacy concerns associated with component interaction in the internet of things, as well as how the distributed ledger-based blockchain technology might help. Here, in this chapter, the authors discuss the application of BC to certain areas and categories. Various IoT and IoT with BC problems were also highlighted in order to better comprehend blockchain technology's role.

Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
IoT and Edge/Fog Computing
Internet of Things and AI
Original source
Jun 16, 2022·Electronics
73 cites
Towards Secure and Intelligent Internet of Health Things: A Survey of Enabling Technologies and Applications

Umar Zaman, Imran Imran, Faisal Mehmood, Naeem Iqbal · 6 authors

With the growth of computing and communication technologies, the information processing paradigm of the healthcare environment is evolving. The patient information is stored electronically, making it convenient to store and retrieve patient information remotely when needed. However, evolving the healthcare systems into smart healthcare environments comes with challenges and additional pressures. Internet of Things (IoT) connects things, such as computing devices, through wired or wireless mediums to form a network. There are numerous security vulnerabilities and risks in the existing IoT-based systems due to the lack of intrinsic security technologies. For example, patient medical data, data privacy, data sharing, and convenience are considered imperative for collecting and storing electronic health records (EHR). However, the traditional IoT-based EHR systems cannot deal with these paradigms because of inconsistent security policies and data access structures. Blockchain (BC) technology is a decentralized and distributed ledger that comes in handy in storing patient data and encountering data integrity and confidentiality challenges. Therefore, it is a viable solution for addressing existing IoT data security and privacy challenges. BC paves a tremendous path to revolutionize traditional IoT systems by enhancing data security, privacy, and transparency. The scientific community has shown a variety of healthcare applications based on artificial intelligence (AI) that improve health diagnosis and monitoring practices. Moreover, technology companies and startups are revolutionizing healthcare with AI and related technologies. This study illustrates the implication of integrated technologies based on BC, IoT, and AI to meet growing healthcare challenges. This research study examines the integration of BC technology with IoT and analyzes the advancements of these innovative paradigms in the healthcare sector. In addition, our research study presents a detailed survey on enabling technologies for the futuristic, intelligent, and secure internet of health things (IoHT). Furthermore, this study comprehensively studies the peculiarities of the IoHT environment and the security, performance, and progression of the enabling technologies. First, the research gaps are identified by mapping security and performance benefits inferred by the BC technologies. Secondly, practical issues related to the integration process of BC and IoT devices are discussed. Third, the healthcare applications integrating IoT, BC, and ML in healthcare environments are discussed. Finally, the research gaps, future directions, and limitations of the enabling technologies are discussed.

Open access
Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
IoT and Edge/Fog Computing
Internet of Things and AI
Original source
Jun 15, 2022·Sensors
59 cites
Blockchain-Based Smart Home Networks Security Empowered with Fused Machine Learning

Muhammad Sajid Farooq, Safiullah Khan, Abdur Rehman, Sagheer Abbas · 6 authors

Security and privacy in the Internet of Things (IoT) other significant challenges, primarily because of the vast scale and deployment of IoT networks. Blockchain-based solutions support decentralized protection and privacy. In this study, a private blockchain-based smart home network architecture for estimating intrusion detection empowered with a Fused Real-Time Sequential Deep Extreme Learning Machine (RTS-DELM) system model is proposed. This study investigates the methodology of RTS-DELM implemented in blockchain-based smart homes to detect any malicious activity. The approach of data fusion and the decision level fusion technique are also implemented to achieve enhanced accuracy. This study examines the numerous key components and features of the smart home network framework more extensively. The Fused RTS-DELM technique achieves a very significant level of stability with a low error rate for any intrusion activity in smart home networks. The simulation findings indicate that this suggested technique successfully optimizes smart home networks for monitoring and detecting harmful or intrusive activities.

Open access
Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
Internet of Things and AI
Smart Grid Security and Resilience
Original source
Jun 10, 2022·Security and Communication Networks
33 cites
Major Challenges and Future Approaches in the Employment of Blockchain and Machine Learning Techniques in the Health and Medicine

S. K. UmaMaheswaran, G. Lakshmi Vara Prasad, Батырхан Омаров, Dalael Saad Abdul-Zahra · 7 authors

According to the benefits in safeguarding and transferring medical information, illness assessment, evaluation of “Magnetic Resonance Mapping” images, and certain other disciplines, blockchain and machine learning (ML) technology has significantly piqued attention in the healthcare domains. Formerly, those chores have been performed out along with individuals; eventually, individuals acquired attraction because to its precision and efficiency. The proposed study will examine the activities and possible capabilities of learning algorithms and blockchain in the healthcare professions focusing on these fascinating facts. Primary and secondary data analysis has been executed, with primary analysis method consisting of a survey of 150 randomly picked medicine professionals with expertise in machine learning and blockchain. They gave their answers that were being subsequently transferred to figures and employed as response variable in SPSS examining. The length of time where learning and blockchain have been used in medicine is really the independent factor. To better understand the primary and small hurdles of integrating machine learning and blockchain, a correlation investigation was done. Thereafter, secondary methodology is employed to validate the primary study results.

Open access
Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
Internet of Things and AI
Smart Systems and Machine Learning
Original source
Jun 6, 2022·2022 IEEE International Conference on Design & Test of Integrated Micro & Nano-Systems (DTS)
20 cites
Embedded Keccak implementation on FPGA

Jalel Ktari, Tarek Frikha, M. Yousfi, Mohamed Belghith · 5 authors

The use of Blockchain has evolved over the last decade. It has touched many fields such as health, industry 4.0, smart cities, agriculture, education etc. Being a guarantee of security, the Blockchain requires to be careful with the data used. In the medical field, patient data is confidential and in order to have access to it, it is necessary to guarantee foolproof security. To do this, the best consensus to use is the PoW. In this paper, we will optimize the code and implement the PoW as an IP in order to accelerate its execution time and consequently minimize the energy consumption. The used Blockchain in this work is the Ethereum and its consensus is the Keccak.

Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
IoT and Edge/Fog Computing
Internet of Things and AI
Original source
May 31, 2022·Sensors
37 cites
Blockchain for Future Wireless Networks: A Decade Survey

Tejal Rathod, Nilesh Kumar Jadav, Mohammad Dahman Alshehri, Sudeep Tanwar · 7 authors

The emerging need for high data rate, low latency, and high network capacity encourages wireless networks (WNs) to build intelligent and dynamic services, such as intelligent transportation systems, smart homes, smart cities, industrial automation, etc. However, the WN is impeded by several security threats, such as data manipulation, denial-of-service, injection, man-in-the-middle, session hijacking attacks, etc., that deteriorate the security performance of the aforementioned WN-based intelligent services. Toward this goal, various security solutions, such as cryptography, artificial intelligence (AI), access control, authentication, etc., are proposed by the scientific community around the world; however, they do not have full potential in tackling the aforementioned security issues. Therefore, it necessitates a technology, i.e., a blockchain, that offers decentralization, immutability, transparency, and security to protect the WN from security threats. Motivated by these facts, this paper presents a WNs survey in the context of security and privacy issues with blockchain-based solutions. First, we analyzed the existing research works and highlighted security requirements, security issues in a different generation of WN (4G, 5G, and 6G), and a comparative analysis of existing security solutions. Then, we showcased the influence of blockchain technology and prepared an exhaustive taxonomy for blockchain-enabled security solutions in WN. Further, we also proposed a blockchain and a 6G-based WN architecture to highlight the importance of blockchain technology in WN. Moreover, the proposed architecture is evaluated against different performance metrics, such as scalability, packet loss ratio, and latency. Finally, we discuss various open issues and research challenges for blockchain-based WNs solutions.

Open access
Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
IoT and Edge/Fog Computing
Internet of Things and AI
Original source
May 27, 2022·2022 5th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Big Data (ICAIBD)
15 cites
Adoption of Blockchain-based Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Mir Hassan, Jincai Chen, Chuanbo Zhu, Umer Zukaib

Data and technology have made it possible to find solutions to a wide variety of challenges in healthcare. Blockchain and Machine Learning gives the best solutions together in performing various tasks in the Smart Health care system. With these two new emerging technologies, that have materialized in the last decade. It has been demonstrated that machine learning may be useful in a variety of fields because of its ability to recognize patterns in data, perform analyses, and reach choices. To create appropriate choices, machine learning requires a sufficient amount of data. Data sharing and data reliability are critical components of machine learning in order to increase its accuracy. Blockchain Technology’s decentralized database places a premium on data exchange. Consensus in Blockchain technology ensures the legitimacy and security of data. Converging these two technologies can result in highly accurate machine learning results combined with the security and stability of Blockchain Technology. In this paper, we will have opportunity to know about Machine learning integration along with Blockchain in the field of Healthcare. We proposed secure, transparent and intelligent methods in the Smart Health care Industry using Machine learning models and blockchain technology to enhance security level and train our models to improve diagnostic, prevention, treatment of the patient, patient rights, patient autonomy and equality in the health care system.

Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
IoT and Edge/Fog Computing
Internet of Things and AI
Original source
May 26, 2022·SAE technical papers on CD-ROM/SAE technical paper series
1 cites
Medical Cargo Delivery using Blockchain Enabled Unmanned Aircraft Systems

Medini Padmanabhan, Ravi Kumar, Dinesh Manoharan, R Prithviraj · 5 authors

<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Significant growth of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) has unlocked many services and applications opportunities in the healthcare sector. Aerial transportation of medical cargo delivery can be an effective and alternative way to ground-based transport systems in times of emergency. To improve the security and the trust of such aerial transportation systems, Blockchain can be used as a potential technology to manage, operate and monitor the entire process. In this paper, we present a blockchain network solution based on Ethereum for the transportation of medical cargo such as blood, medicines, vaccines, etc. The smart contract solution developed in solidity language was tested using the Truffle program. Ganache blockchain test network was employed to host the blockchain network and test the operation of the proposed blockchain model. The suitability of the model is validated in real-time using a UAV and all the flight data are captured and uploaded into the blockchain. The model was executed successfully, and the data uploaded in the blockchain is found to be in line with the developed model. The developed blockchain model provides features such as data immutability and data traceability which are very important for these classes of critical applications. The data once created is sent to blocks and based on the time stamp the data is traced back.</div></div>

Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
Internet of Things and AI
Original source
May 25, 2022·2022 6th International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (ICICCS)
6 cites
Scoping Analysis of Leveraging IoT with Blockchain for Monitoring and Ensuring Efficacy of Vaccine Cold Chains

Binu Kuriakose Vargis, Mohammad Shabbir Alam, Kamal Upreti, Ranjana Raut · 6 authors

The recent pandemic has brought an unprecedented tangible effect on the adversaries of understanding the importance of Vaccines. Prior to this situation there were scenarios where the drip in Vaccine efficacy has affected the public health sector and even the Government's. Vaccination is the only assertive way of procuring immunization against such deadly pandemics. This study discusses such events which motivated the need of managing and monitoring the vaccine supply chain. The applications of IoT and Blockchain have been depicted and converged in this regard. Blockchain is the apparent solution to manage and monitor the vaccines effectiveness by delivering the same to the public health centers timely. Moreover, the counterfeit vaccines can also be identified. Internet of Things (IoT) has given a significant contribution in terms of fetching the real time readings in many applications. In our study temperature and moisture parameters are collected using Sensors in IoT and then the complete voyage of vaccine cold units will be monitored using Blockchain Transactions till it has been delivered. A framework is proposed on a Ethereum platform and consensus mechanism which will eventually avoid any possible alterations and counterfeiting of the deliverable Vaccine Units ensuring a safe transit which will be accessible and transparent even to the receiving patients, healthcare members along with the Governments body.

Open access
Internet of Things and AI
IoT-based Smart Home Systems
Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
Original source
May 25, 2022·Studies in health technology and informatics
9 cites
Blockchain and IoT Technology in Healthcare: A Review

B Sivasankari, P. Varalakshmi

The tremendous shift in technology has led to many unconnected things getting interconnected via IoT. IoT is one of the major modes of collecting data from various networked resources and other connected devices. The broad range of IoT, with its huge heterogeneity in handling data, addresses many challenges in the realm of healthcare. Blockchain technology has elevated the use of distributed storage in a positive way. The recent emergence of this technology has paved way for potentially enormous utilization in various fields. Blockchain technology in the fields of IT, finance, industries, government, healthcare, media, and law enforcement has altered the service quality levels to an ethical ideal. Blockchain, in conjunction with IoT, facilitates decentralized collection and storage of data. Integrating blockchain with IoT has emerged as a cutting-edge tool for the decentralized sharing of medical records, monitoring of patients, ensuring the privacy of patient records, predicting the quantum of insurance, and managing supply chains.

Open access
Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
Organizational and Employee Performance
Internet of Things and AI
Original source
May 25, 2022·2022 6th International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Control Systems (ICICCS)
8 cites
An Ethereum based Fake Product Identification System using Smart Contract

S. Balasubramani, Soumen Pramanick, Rohit Kumar Singh, Dhananjay Kumar

In recent years, counterfeit products have played an important role in the product making industry. It has also affected the company's brand, sales, and profits. Blockchain technology is now being used to identify authentic products and detect counterfeits. Blockchain is a distributed, expanded, digital book that stores business data as blocks in multiple archives linked by chains. No block can be changed or modified because blockchain technology is secure. Customers or users who use the blockchain technology does not have to be depend on mediator to ensure product security of the system. Counterfeit products can be effectively combated using serial numbers which is assigned to the product uniquely. With emerging Blockchain technology trends in this project. As a result, this system can be used to store product information as well as generate distinct product codes for items such as blocks. It generates a unique code for the user and matches it to the Blockchain network. If the input matches, the customer will be notified; if the input does not match, the customer will be notified that the product is counterfeit.

Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
Currency Recognition and Detection
Internet of Things and AI
Original source
May 24, 2022·Blockchain for Smart Systems
3 cites
Smart Microgrid-Based Energy Management Using Blockchain

Rashmi Jain, Sachin Jain, Sanchit Jain

The traditional energy resources are not able to suffice present requirements. Renewable energy resources, efficient management of the energy, saving distribution cost of energy, and cheaper availability of energy to end-users are some of the crucial issues in energy supply and management today. The distributed- network concept of Blockchain technology is having capability to modernize the energy generation and distribution sector. The energy industry is consistently catalyzed by innovations including rooftop solar, electric vehicles, communication among energy devices, smart metering, and energy cryptocurrency. Distributed ledger technology of Blockchain has more possibilities to expand the efficiencies for utility providers by finding the owners of grid materials. Blockchain offers exclusive solutions for renewable energy supply in addition to origin tracking. Blockchain technology is getting popular in many use cases around the world, which includes new representations with blockchain for energy marketplaces, real-time data management, renewable energy certificates, and moving carbon credits. Combined efforts from technology developers in energy supply fields, academicians, financial institutions, and government sectors to coordinate Blockchain with the energy sector is one of the smartest and spectacular technology innovations in recent times. The blockchain energy schemes are designing peer-to-peer energy markets. A peer-to-peer energy market is a distributed network of people who sell and buy surplus energy from other contributors. These energy markets help the common people by reducing control from traditional wholesale entities. This energy management is usually done with the help of Microgrids, also known as Smartgrids. End users can access prepaid energy, which can be done by easy mobile transactions. Many companies have connected communities to each other for creating Microgrids and visualize a bright future with entirely distributed peer-to-peer grids. The main advantages of Blockchain in the energy segment are cost reduction, environmental sustainability, more security, and transparency for stakeholders with the benefit of not compromising privacy. This work discusses the concept of Blockchain technology in brief, features of the Microgrid or Smartgrid, some useful use cases of energy Blockchain and benefits of application of Blockchain technology to Smartgrid operations in the following sections.

Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
Smart Grid Energy Management
Internet of Things and AI
Original source
May 9, 2022·Security and Communication Networks
19 cites
Secure Model for IoT Healthcare System under Encrypted Blockchain Framework

Rubal Jeet, Sandeep Singh Kang, Shah Md. Safiul Hoque, Betty Nokobi Dugbakie

With the advancements in the new technologies like IoT, the healthcare sector is also growing rapidly. The core concept of introducing IoT in the healthcare centers is to make it remotely accessible, so that communication between doctor and patient can be easy, and diagnosis of any disease can be remotely done through the Internet in case of emergency. The major objective of this study is to develop a security framework for the healthcare industry that can encrypt secret data on cloud servers using block-based data encoding. Since any information that is available on the Internet is vulnerable to various attacks, and the medical records of the patients carry sensitive information that must not be accessible to any unauthorized or unauthentic person, in this context, the concept of Blockchain (BC) technology was introduced in the healthcare systems. In the past few years, a number of BC based healthcare models were proposed in the system; however, these systems are decentralized in nature, which is a feature of Blockchain technology, but in certain applications, especially in healthcare, this feature gave rise to a problem termed as disease overlapping when the count of chains gets increased. To solve this issue, a BC based framework is used in this work that has a feature of creating a separate block in the chain every time whenever any alteration in information about patient’s health, any allergies, new symptoms, medications, etc. is updated. In addition to this, securing the sensitive information of patients is taken into consideration by developing an improved and enhanced multilayer Blockchain based IoT data security approach that not only protects the data, but also builds the trust between patients/user and healthcare service providers. The main focused area of this research article is to propose a security framework for healthcare domain that can encrypt the confidential data over cloud server under block-based data encoding. In the proposed approach, 128-bit AES key is generated in order to support the SHA-256 hashing algorithm. Individual user’s data is subdivided to blocks and encrypted to secure it from unauthorized access. An interface-based system is designed to present the real-world usage of the proposed model in healthcare application. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated in the MATLAB software in terms of MAE, RMSE, MSE, encryption time, and decryption time. The RSA and DSA are the most trending encryption algorithms. These algorithms are crucial components of Blockchain technology, implemented in the proposed work, and later on, their performances are also compared with each other to check their effectiveness. The simulation results demonstrated that the proposed encrypting algorithm surpasses the other encryption approaches such as RSA and DSA in all factors to prove its supremacy. The experimental results show that the encryption and decryption time are lowest in the proposed framework; therefore, its performance is more effective and robust. It is also more effective and resilient.

Open access
Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
IoT and Edge/Fog Computing
Internet of Things and AI
Original source