Flynn Werner, Marcus Basalla, Johannes Schneider, Demelza Hays ¡ 5 authors
This study investigates the potential influence of blockchain technology adoption on a companyâs competitive performance from an interorganizational systems perspective. A research framework is derived based on expert interviews and tested with a quantitative survey. The results show, that by offering traceability and immutability of transactions, blockchain technology could positively impact a companyâs competitive performance. The study further identified a positive influence of smart contract technology on partnering flexibility and competitive performance.
Purpose This study takes an affordance approach to explain how users perceive the affordance of user action within blockchain and examines how it influences the subsequent user experience. Focusing on the effect of trust on cognitive processes, the authors analyze how affordances in blockchains affect the user experience. Design/methodology/approach The blockchain affordances are examined through a two-stage process. The authors employ a qualitative analysis based on insights gained from the current literature and interviews. The authors then apply a quantitative survey to examine the role of trust in interactions with blockchain services. A structural user model was tested in which their appreciation of affordances of blockchain predicted the trust and satisfaction. Findings Users' appreciation for transparency and reliability explained to what extent they trust and are satisfied, thereby suggesting the heuristic roles of trust in blockchains. The study findings indicate a heuristic role for trust regarding underlying links to technological and affective affordances. A user's cognitive heuristics affect their attitudes toward blockchain, in which technological features are processed through users' perceptions and experience. Research limitations/implications The model contributes to the conceptualization of security, privacy and traceability along with trust, which is then linked to transparency and reliability. The findings show how the frame of affordances gains explanatory power by being linked to the concepts of affect and emotion. The heuristics of direct perception of securityâtraceabilityâprivacy (STP) can be used to understand the trajectory of heuristics and ongoing choices of blockchain. Practical implications The study results offer a lens through which to address the technology's most common problems by pairing user experience principles and heuristics to blockchain technologies. This study offers insights into the understanding of user actions related to blockchains and into practical implications for developing trust-based services. The results guide the application and tailoring of motivational affordances in blockchain. Originality/value While blockchain technology has gained popularity and momentum, there has been little research on how specific features of blockchain technology create value. This study contributes to the research gap by highlighting the role and dimension of trust in relation to STP in blockchains and provides meaningful implications for theory and practice.
Blockchain technology is gaining consideration more and more and will potentially revolutionize most of the industries. Bitcoin cryptocurrency which uses Blockchain platform, has even promoted this technology more. Blockchain is a decentralized source and encrypted database for storing transaction information. Instead of being dependent on a centralised mediator like bank, by using blockchain, parties can transfer fund promptly trough connected ledgers called blocks. Using this method transactions will significantly be more transparent for both parties. Consequently, transactions are performed based on the distributed trust among other blockchain users in the network. Blockchain will promote transparency in every industry, yet implementation of blockchain technology is still limited. This study focuses to study the possible factors affecting adoption of blockchain technology by focusing on literature review and using Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology as a theoretical basis.
The behavioural intention to adopt Blockchain for supply chain management (BCSCM) is studied in this paper. The research framework adopted considers how Performance Expectancy (PE), Effort Expectancy (EE), Facilitating Condition (FC), Technology Readiness (TR), Technology Affinity (TA) and Trust (TT) can lead to the adoption of the technology. Data gathered from 157 firms is analysed using SPSS version 2 while the quality of the measurement is tested using WarpPLS. Findings revealed that FC, TR and TA have a positive influence on intention to use BCSCM and regulatory support moderates the effect of FC. This study offers valuable insights into the applicability of Blockchain technology for supply chain management.
Abdullah Mohammed Ayedh, Abdelghani Echchabi, Mohamed Battour, Mohammed Mispah Said Omar
Purpose This study aims to examine the factors that could increase the investment in the Bitcoin market among Malaysian Muslim communities. Design/methodology/approach The study used a survey questionnaire to collect data for a sample of 200 Muslim respondents in Malaysia. Subsequently, the collected data was analysed using structural equation modelling, as well as basic descriptive statistics and one sample test. Findings The findings showed that compatibility, awareness and facilitating conditions have a significant impact on Malaysian Muslim communitiesâ investment in the Bitcoin market. Originality/value It is worth emphasizing that this is one of the earliest studies that examine the Muslim communitiesâ perception and willingness to invest in the Bitcoin market. Hence, it is expected to be one of the foundations for future studies in this area.
Purpose The purpose of the research is to assess security concerns in government's use of Blockchain technology through the lens of value focused thinking (VFT) approach. Design/methodology/approach Qualitative methods such as open ended questions and interviews were used to gather data and the data was analysed in a structured approach to formulate a means-ends network of objectives. The data were collected from eight interviews of selected participants. Findings The findings are 35 objectives of which ten are fundamental objectives related to the values of identity, trust, data privacy, transparency, integrity, public service delivery, cost, availability of public information, responsibility and usability. Practical implications The study implies that governments or private organisations building blockchain solutions for governments can benefit from insights on values to focus on in blockchain security; and the current research serves as a base to understand more on blockchain use in the governments as well as security values and application of VFT approach for future academic researchers in this area. Social implications It is a need-driven approach in which blockchain is assessed to ensure its fit to societal needs and public values. Originality/value It is first of its kind in studying security in blockchain use by government through the lens of VFT approach, and it provides insights of values that are of importance to further blockchain use in the government.
Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
Organizational Leadership and Management Strategies
Purpose The study is an attempt to explore much talked but less understood issue of âblockchain in logistics industryâ in modern perspective. The customers' acceptance of blockchain technology in logistics and supply chain is tested through âTechnology Acceptance Modelâ by using attitude, perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEOU), behavioral intention and use behavior. Design/methodology/approach Data has been collected through online and offline medium, where active 240 responses have been collected finally using convenience sampling. Confirmatory factor analysis with structural equation modeling (SEM) was carried out for data analysis. Findings The customers' acceptance of blockchain technology in logistics and supply chain is tested through âTechnology Acceptance Model.â The findings reveal model fit where PEOU, PU and attitude are the major constructs of the model to realize the substantial gains in logistics process efficiency. Research limitations/implications Convenience sampling has been considered for the study to collect the data of online users of various technology applications for tracking and shipment detail, whereas a more specified method sampling can be considered for the future research. The study has been conducted in the Indian context, which has been considered as the limitation pertaining to generalization across countries and industries. Practical implications The findings of this study will be helpful for market practitioners to build transparency between customers and industry to overcome the frictions in logistics. Blockchain will help in monitoring the performance history and previous commitments of logistics professionals resulting in selecting a responsible logistics solution provider. Access to critical data by the authorized member of the supply chain will reduce unsubstantiated disputes. Social implications Blockchain technology will be available to everyone on the network. This will bring transparency and help logistics professionals such as carriers, shippers and brokers to detect early frauds and prevent thefts. It will increase customer trust toward any financial transaction for tracking the ownership of titles. Originality/value Blockchain technology is envisioned to be a technology that could be a game-changer for decentralizing infrastructure, introducing transparency and building trust in the supply chain. The current study is a novel addition to the literature where blockchain technology enables the indisputable storage of verified data that was previously kept in safeguarded silos.
Mahadi Hasan Miraz, Mohamad Ghozali Hassan, Kamal Imran Mohd Sharif
Certain types of blockchains were made and developed for various purposes. Despite the development of cohort systems, the blockchain needs more development from the perspective of Malaysia. In addition, blockchain is the only cryptographic block currency that improves retail marketing. This study has critically analyzed the variables of the current research Framework of the blockchain implementation in retail market. Thus, this study aims to implement blockchain in retail market for increaseing customer benefits in order to improve the retail industrial supply chain activities. In order to achieve the main aim, this study comprises of two main phases, which are theorietical study, developemnt of proposed blockchain factors and its implementation. The blockchain experience of variables, blockchain management, blockchain transaction policy, blockchain adaption and implications were discussed gradually. Finally, we demonstrate the underlying theory, the theoretical framework and the hypotheses were discussed in detail.
Abderahman Rejeb, John G. Keogh, Horst Treiblmaier
The proliferation of sophisticated e-commerce platforms coupled with mobile applications has ignited growth in business-to-consumer (B2C) commerce, reshaped organizational structures and revamped value creation processes. Simultaneouslyâ new technologies have altered the dynamics of brand marketingâ enabling a broader reach and more personalized targeting aimed at increasing brand trust and enhancing customer loyalty. Todayâ the Internet allows marketers to penetrate existing markets, create new online marketplaces and to generate new demand. This dynamic market engagement uses new technologies to target consumers more effectively. In this conceptual paper, we discuss how blockchain technology can potentially impact a firmâs marketing activities. More specifically, we illustrate how blockchain technology can empower the consumer-centric paradigm and foster disintermediationâ combat click fraud, reinforce trust and transparency, enable privacy protection, empower security and enable creative loyalty programs. We present six propositions that will guide future blockchain-related research in the area of marketing.
This paper investigates the factors influencing the intention to adopt cryptocurrency payments among small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in tourism and hospitality through the lens of the technology acceptance model (TAM). This paper uses an original sample of 101 SMEs employing a total of 15,831 people in Taiwan. Structural equation modeling is used to examine the joint effect of both internal and external factors influencing the intention to use cryptocurrency payments. Results show that (1) strategic orientation, owner/managers personal characteristics (self-efficacy and innovativeness) and social influence have a strong effect on the intention to adopt new technology; (2) perceived usefulness mediates the effects of strategic orientation and social influence; and (3) perceived ease of use mediates the effect of self-efficacy on the intention to adopt cryptocurrency payments. The present study is one of few empirical inquiries about cryptocurrency payment adoption among SMEs. This study extends the theoretical foundations of the TAM into the specific characteristics of SMEs. Limitations of the study are sample size and a single survey design. However, findings of this research on the cryptocurrency payment adoption offer practical implications for tourism stakeholders towards supporting SMEs competitiveness. The originality of this study is based on the fact that cryptocurrency payment is a new technology, and on the potential of cryptocurrency payments to disrupt the traditional way of operating tourism and hospitality SMEs. Hence the importance to consider major factors influencing SMEsâ intentions to adopt this technology.
Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the critical factors that affect usersâ acceptance and usage intention toward blockchain-based smart lockers. Design/methodology/approach The research is designed in two phases. In the first phase, the key stakeholders are interviewed. Participants include managers from technology providers and logistics companies. In the second phase, a questionnaire survey is used to validate the proposed model. Findings Based on the final results, this study makes the following three suggestions. First, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use are the critical factors. In other words, it is important to emphasize the function and convenience of a new service when introducing it to a potential user. Second, safety is not the major concern when using a blockchain-based smart locker. This means that users will trust the service provider for providing a secure service. Users do not worry about the security problem. Finally, the network externality of smart locker is also insignificant. Originality/value This study has three major contributions. First, this study identifies the critical factors that will affect user acceptance of blockchain-based smart lockers. Next, this study combines the opinions from service providers and users to understand the gap between different stakeholders. Finally, this study can enrich our understanding on the applications of blockchain from a managerial perspective and not only from a technical perspective, as in most previous studies.
Purpose: Purpose-This paper aims to introduce and discuss blockchain technology and its effect on the hospitality and tourism industry as well as a practical point of view to hospitality and tourism businesses. The central interest in this study is to produce a new and rigorous in-depth analysis that will provide the basis for a broad debate and perspective on potential uses of blockchain technology for hospitality and tourism research as well as the industry as a whole. Importance of the research: This study leads to knowledge development in the tourism industry by creating an extensive structure that enhances hospitality and tourism efficiency. The current study thus helps to alleviate tourism & hospitality integrated blockchain technology. Theory: A single technology adoption and use theory (UTAUT 2) is the fundamental theory for this study. Reference was made in this analysis to progress in the growth of the blockchain capability of hospitality and tourism.Methods: The current study focused on a concise methodology and quantitative analysis.QR is the simplest way to accept or deny a theory.Quantitative analysis from all of Malaysia has been obtained through a cross-sectional analysis via the sampling method. Originality: One of the latest researchto boost the efficiency of hospitality and tourism performance by blockchain. This research demonstrates how blockchain (familiarity, concern and error), trust,facilitating condition, consumer intention and blockchain adoption.
Junho Jeong, Donghyo Kim, Yangsun Lee, JinâWoo Jung ¡ 5 authors
Nowadays, social inequality is an important social problem. Donations are one of the many ways to improve social inequality. Donation is largely divided into sponsorship by individuals such as corporations and public administration. In the individual sponsorship, it is common to donate to a donation organization and to support the aid recipients by donation organization. Many people are reluctant to support to this donation because of the lack of transparency. In addition, many donation organizations lack transparent and formal administration due to lack of working capital. Therefore, this paper proposes a method to enhance personal transparency by enhancing the transparency of donation organizations and protecting the privacy of sponsors using blockchain that is a Hyperledger fabric. And We implement a blockchain network for the proposed system.
Ha Nguyet Dam, Dung Thanh Phan, Ha Vu, Lan Thi Ngoc Nguyen
This study aims to shed light on the way customers determine their utilization of international payment services with blockchain applications. The primary data is collected from the 373 individuals who frequently use the international payment services in Vietnam. We apply the combination of TAM, UTAUT, and ISS models to test the determinants of the Intention to use International payment services at Commercial banks applying Blockchain. These determinants are Quality of System, Quality of Service, Quality of Information, Perceivable usefulness, Convenient usefulness, and Social influence. The research results show that (i) All of the above factors are positively associated with customers' intention to use international payment services in Vietnamese banks which implement blockchain; (ii) The quality of information has the strongest positive impact on the customer's intended use. It refers that the international payment services in banks should be safe, accurate and timely; (iii) Differently from the hypothesis, the social influence indicator is positively related to the customer's intention to use the service, affirming the potential interests of customers on blockchain if applying successfully in banks; (iv) Although current customers have not paid much attention whether banks apply blockchain in international payment or not, they have taken concentration on fundamental risks, costs, and convenience of the services. This signal is consistent with the fact that only 2/46 commercial banks and 49 foreign bank branches in Vietnam provide international payment service with blockchain application nowadays.
The aim of the present study is to study blockchain technology adoption intentions by supply chain practitioners using the unified theory of adoption and use of technology (UTAUT2) with risk model as the conceptual framework. UTAUT2 is generic model which can be used to study adoption of technologies. The present study applies this model to study blockchain technology adoption in the supply chain. Data was collected from 360 supply chain practitioners in India. The results of the current study indicate that behavioural intentions for blockchain technology adoption are significantly influenced by performance expectancy, social influence, hedonic motivation and price value considerations. The study proposes some guidelines for adopting blockchain in the supply chain. The present study tries to fill in the gap in the existing literature by listing out the factors that influence blockchain technology adoption in the supply chain.
Luis J. Dominguez Perez, LuĂs Ibarra, Alejandro GarcĂa-FernĂĄndez, AgustĂn Rumayor ¡ 5 authors
Abstract Loyalty cards programs have been used by retailers to increase customer retention. Loyality cards provide means to identify a particular customer and to collect customer-specific data, thus enabling individualized marketing; however, operating a loyalty program is complicated for retailers since they require to manage balances, collections, and transfers of customers. This is exactly the same problem the retailers were facing before credit cards were readily available. A new problem is that customers now have too many cards, customers may forget, or even deliberately decide to carry only a selection of their cards. This paper proposes a loyalty program based on a blockchain that does not require a physical card for identifying customers as it associates customers to their phone numbers, since nowadays people always carry their phone. In this perspective, companies can reduce overhead costs associated to managing the loyalty program. This paper reviews the technology required and describes the implementation of a loyalty program based on blockchains. Finally, it also enumerates the reasons for choosing the blockchain technology for this application.
Wan Nurhidayat Wan Muhamad, Noor Afiza, Muslihah Wook, Khairul Khalil ¡ 7 authors
Intelligence data are among the critical elements used as a reference for risk-assessment and decision-making regarding national security. The intelligence data are shared among intelligence agencies in the intelligence community in improving the efficiency of their services. Centralised data with central authority is highly exposed to being an easy target of attackers. Leaked or unauthorised access of the intelligence data to a non-intelligence community will bring severe effect to a state. Blockchain as immutable and high-security technology is capable of providing cryptographic data in a decentralised environment and potentially can be applied for data sharing among the intelligence community. However, the acceptance and readiness of users on blockchain usage in the intelligence community are yet to be systematically studied. Considering the statement, this paper proposed an evaluation method to study the acceptance of blockchain technology by integrating a reliable acceptance model for blockchain technology implementation in the intelligence community. The acceptance model consisted of constructs from the Technology Acceptance Model 3 (TAM 3) and Technology Readiness Index 2 (TRI 2) and was analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). In this study, the result indicates that TAM 3 and TRI 2.0 integration model could contribute to determining the acceptance level in developing blockchain-based intelligence data sharing for the intelligence community.