Blockchain Papers

Yizhong Liu, Dongyu Li, Jianwei Liu

No abstract is available for this record.

Amit Kumar, Neha Sharma, Korhan Cengiz, Simar Preet Singh

No abstract is available for this record.

Joni Joni, Sihvam Bhasin, Monika Poriye

No abstract is available for this record.

Lena Phung

No abstract is available for this record.

Snehal Dipak Chaudhary, Punam Udaysing Rajput, Preeti Jog, Manisha Kasar · 6 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

K. Suresh, H. Faheem Nikhat, S. Poonkodi, N. Ramya · 6 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Aswani Devi Aguru, E. Suresh Babu

No abstract is available for this record.

Khushbakh Farooq, Muhammad Ibrahim, Mukhtaj Khan, Irsa Manzoor · 5 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Jian Chen, Zhiming Cai, Haojing Huang, Fei Lu

The implementation of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is significantly constrained by the emergence of Data security. This paper examines the primary data security issues and protection mechanisms associated with IIoT, providing a comprehensive analysis of how security protection systems evolve across the stages of data collection, transmission, storage, and processing. The focus is directed towards advancements in edge computing and lightweight distributed ledger technologies, which significantly enhance data security. The paper begins with a review of the evolution and development of IIoT, highlighting the challenges that current technologies present in effectively addressing data privacy, integrity, real-time performance, and scalability. Following this, the analysis focuses on the efficacy of edge computing to mitigate data exposure while simultaneously improving computational efficiency. Additionally, the study examines the benefits of lightweight distributed ledger technologies for resource-constrained environments, highlighting their role in ensuring data immutability and enhancing data transparency. The paper concludes by analyzing potential trends in IIoT data security technologies, such as post-quantum cryptography, AI-driven security protections, and zero-trust architectures, and by offering perspectives on the future of technological advancements.

Suhang Wei, Jinfang Jia, Xiang Feng, Huiqun Yu

No abstract is available for this record.

Authors unavailable

In security and resilience, another vital issue is to maintain the secure and robust RF communication in Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) settings in which the use of multiantenna systems is constrained by physical implausibilities.The current paper is a proposal of a Blockchain-Enhanced Secure RF Link Transmission (BESRFT) scheme targeting antennaconstrained IIoT applications.The framework for those aspects integrates adaptive tuning of the RF parameters with a lightweight blockchain distributed consensus protocol that restores assuring and even securing communication in event of a cyber-physical assault condition.The proposed structure combines a modified Proof-of-Authentication (PoA) consensus mechanism that scales well and has low overheads to communicate across the IIoT nodes via an edge and smart contracts are used to authenticate the devices, negotiate the session keys and record intrusions on the fly.To critical hardware constraints, the system dynamically adjusts transmission parameters e.g.frequency, modulation and power depending on real-time channel metrics e.g.RSSI and SINR resulting in a low degree of information loss and power overhead.The simulation results based on the tool NS-3 and Hyper ledger Besu prove the effectiveness of BESRFT as it provided a spoofing detection rate of 97.6 percent that lessened packet drop rates by 66 percent or 18.2 to 5.1 percent, and decreased jamming recovery time by 66 percent or 1.8 seconds to merely 0.6 seconds.Additionally, the validation of prototype approaches that involve TI CC2652R1 and STM32 microcontrollers also confirms that the latency (~1.2 s) and memory overhead (<5%) of blockchain synchronization are minimal, thus confirming that the solution is suitable to be deployed in the resource-constrained IIoT environments.The combined architecture does not only improve commanding situation but also increases the efficiency of an industrial system like smart grid, oil refineries, and factory automation platforms.The piece instates a decentralized trust system with the RF protection link without requiring the complicated cryptographic infrastructures and centralized control.In the future, the framework has a great potential to be scaled to reconfigurable metasurface-based antenna systems and reconfigurable IIoT architectures with 6G-enabling properties, where the secure, low-latency, and adaptive communication will play a fundamental role.

Adla Sanober, Shamama Anwar

No abstract is available for this record.

Salabat Khan, Mansoor Ali Khan, Muhammad Asghar Khan, Muhammad Attique Khan · 6 authors

Blockchain technology is widely adopted in the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) for information storage and retrieval. The integration of blockchain with IoMT systems enhances security; however, it raises privacy and security in data searching and storage. This study proposes a novel Binary Spring Search (BSS) technique based on group theory and integrated with a hybrid deep neural network approach to enhance the security and trustworthiness of IoMT. The proposed method incorporates secure key revocation and dynamic policy updates. The proposed framework leverages blockchain technology for immutable and decentralized data management, Artificial Intelligence (AI) for dynamic data analysis and threat detection, and advanced searchable encryption techniques to facilitate secure and efficient data queries. The proposed patient-centered data access model that combines blockchain technology with trust chains makes our method safer and more efficient and demonstrates a return on investment. Furthermore, our blockchain-based architecture ensures the integrity and immutability of medical data generated by IoMT devices, allowing for decentralized and tamper-proof storage. We used the hyper-ledger fabric tool, known as OrigionLab, for simulations in a blockchain context. We claim that the suggested framework provides a more searchable and secure solution to the healthcare system when compared to the other methods given through our findings. The simulation results show that our algorithm significantly reduces transaction time while maintaining high levels of security, making it a robust solution for managing Patient Health Records (PHR) in a decentralized manner.

Sarah Rahman, Mihir Sing, Koushik Majumder, Rabindra Nath Shaw · 5 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Shraiyash Pandey, Shraiyash Pandey, Esraa Mohammed Alazzawi, Surendra Pandey · 8 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

F Richard, George K. Agordzo

No abstract is available for this record.

Shikhar Singh, Bharat Bhushan, Mustafa Al-Asadi, Alaa Ali Hameed

No abstract is available for this record.

José R. Cedeño, Carlos Eduardo Sánchez-Torres, Jesús Favela

No abstract is available for this record.

Israelin Insulata J, J. Roselin

No abstract is available for this record.

Aditya Kalpesh Pathak

Integrating blockchain with IoT ensures secure, transparent data exchange through immutability and consensus mechanisms, preventing data tampering. However, the increasing number of IoT devices raises risks like unauthorized access and network attacks. Blockchain scalability issues also affect throughput and latency, challenging real-time IoT applications. This thesis addresses these challenges through four contributions that aim to improve the security, scalability, and efficiency of blockchainbased IoT networks, balancing security with performance needs. Our first contribution is to develop an end-to-end security mechanism for IoT networks, called the trust-based ABAC mechanism for IoT networks (TABI). TABI integrates edge computing and blockchain technology to mitigate risks from malicious devices and offload computational tasks to edge layers. It operates on Hyperledger Fabric (HLF), a permissioned blockchain that enhances throughput and latency through its executeorder- validate architecture. Our second objective is to provide scalability within blockchain-based IoT networks using a sidechain-based trust and access control system, named sidechain-based trust and access control mechanism for IoT networks (SATI). By distributing trust evaluation and access control operations across a separate blockchain or sidechain, SATI improves the scalability of IoT networks. We implement a cross-chain transfer mechanism to ensure communication between the sidechain and the mainchain, thus overcoming a fundamental limitation of traditional blockchain architectures. Our third contribution is to improve the security of the IoT network by introducing a Zero-Knowledge Proof-based Mutual Authentication (ZPMA) mechanism, a privacy-preserving mutual authentication mechanism. Utilizing Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKP) based on the quadratic residue technique, Z-PMA ensures secure and private mutual authentication between edge devices and IoT devices. We also implement an incentive mechanism to select additional authenticators from the base station layer to reduce authentication latency and support the demands of low-latency IoT networks. Our fourth contribution is to detect and resolve conflicting transactions in HLF-based IoT networks at an early stage, known as the early-stage conflict transaction resolution (ECR) mechanism. ECR identifies and resolves conflicting transactions at an early stage using a local cache at the endorsement phase of the HLF transaction processing. Additionally, ECR uses dependency model and an efficient reordering process to distribute transactions in a way that minimizes conflicts. This mechanism enhances the performance of HLF-based IoT networks by reducing the impact of conflicting transactions, ultimately improving throughput and latency.

Carbonell Rigores, Ernesto R., Morales Duran, Aramays Aimet, Sepúlveda Lima, Roberto, Hojas Mazo, Wenny

The adoption of the Internet of Things in critical applications highlights the need to strengthen security in its perception layer, one of the most vulnerable. This article presents a threat model for this layer, identifying replay, denial-of-service, and network traffic capture attacks as the most critical. In order to counteract them, an optimized variant of an authentication protocol based on zero-knowledge proofs is proposed, improving the efficiency and scalability of the original Hecht protocol. The solution introduces elementary matrices to reduce protocol computational complexity and an explicit mechanism for secure secret management. It is experimentally validated in a QR code-based access control system, simulating a real Internet of Things environment. The results show that the proposed variant is lightweight, efficient, and suitable for resource-constrained devices, especially in web environments, offering a high level of security by not revealing information about the secret key during authentication. Furthermore, a design of experiments optimizes the protocol parameters, minimizing execution time without compromising security. The proposed protocol represents a significant improvement in security and efficiency for authentication in the Internet of Things perception layer.

Abhishek Dadhich, Dinesh Goyal

The integration of blockchain with Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has opened new avenues for secure, decentralized smart home automation. This paper presents a novel access-control framework using Binance Smart Chain (BSC) to ensure verifiable, low-latency device interaction without embedding consensus or token economics within the smart contract itself. The contract enforces permissions using application-level logic deployed on a public blockchain, enabling cost-efficient and tamper-proof control over IoT actuators. Functional testing via Foundry and transaction-level evaluation on BSC confirmed the system’s performance, with actuation delays averaging 3–4 seconds and costs consistently below $0.02 per interaction. Security validation through adversarial simulations demonstrated resistance against unauthorized access, replay attacks, and privilege misuse. Compared to Ethereum, Hyperledger Fabric, and IOTA, the proposed framework delivers a strong balance of scalability, affordability, and ease of deployment. The discussion explores future improvements, including role-based and attribute-based access control (RBAC and ABAC), sidechain integration, and zero-knowledge proofs to further optimize security, scalability, and user-centric automation. This work contributes a practical blueprint for secure, blockchain-driven smart home systems applicable to residential and enterprise IoT infrastructures.

Murat Koca

No abstract is available for this record.

Meetali

No abstract is available for this record.