Alexandr Kuznetsov, Inna Oleshko, Vladyslav Tymchenko, Konstantin Lisitsky Ā· 6 authors
A blockchain, or in other words a chain of transaction blocks, is a distributed database that maintains an ordered chain of blocks that reliably connect the information contained in them. Copies of chain blocks are usually stored on multiple computers and synchronized in accordance with the rules of building a chain of blocks, which provides secure and change-resistant storage of information. To build linked lists of blocks hashing is used. Hashing is a special cryptographic primitive that provides one-way, resistance to collisions and search for prototypes computation of hash value (hash or message digest). In this paper a comparative analysis of the performance of hashing algorithms that can be used in modern decentralized blockchain networks are conducted. Specifically, the hash performance on different desktop systems, the number of cycles per byte (Cycles/byte), the amount of hashed message per second (MB/s) and the hash rate (KHash/s) are investigated. The comparative analysis of different hashing algorithms allows us to choose the most suitable candidates for building decentralized systems type of blockchain.
AbstractBlockchain is the technology that can lead in the next few decades to major commercial advances. It may change our business knowledge and reshape our economy. Blockchain is a decentralized and distributed ledger system to offer transparency, data security and integrity, since it is not tampered with or counterfeited. The bulk of this Blockchain study focuses on the use of cryptocurrencies, like bitcoin, and very little research has been done in other settings or industries to utilize Blockchain technology. It may be used for many reasons in government, banking and finance, accounting and management of business operations. It is more than just cryptocurrencies. Therefore this study focuses at evaluating and investigating Blockchain Technology's potential and challenges and their future applications. A broad variety of published researches have therefore been carefully evaluated with their addition to the knowledge corpus of the Blockchain. Therefore, this study is a good foundation on which practitioners and academics will improve their usage in Blockchain in future.
The bioinformatics features are collected by pattern recognition technology, and the digital coding and format conversion of the feature data are realized by using the theory of topological group transformation. Authentication and Signature based on Zero Knowledge Proof Technology can be used as the trusted credentials of cloud platform and cannot be forged, thus realizing trusted and secure access.
Abstract The explosive growth of data in the network has brought huge burdens and challenges to traditional centralized cloud computing data processing. To solve this problem, edge computing technology came into being. Because the edge is closer to the user, processing part of the data at the edge can also bring a faster response to the user and improve their experience. However, the existing edge computing platforms have problems such as data storage security and multiparty data mutual trust. Blockchain technology has become an important means to solve the above data storage and sharing problems due to its excellent characteristics. The core of blockchain technology is consensus, and its speed and security will directly affect the efficiency and stability of the blockchain system. Therefore, this study uses the consensus mechanism as an entry point to reduce the resource consumption of the edge computing blockchain system and improve its security. In order to reduce the resource consumption of traditional consensus algorithms, improve their adaptability in the edge computing environment, and solve the security problem caused by the concentration of node rights, a prestigeābased edge computing blockchain security consensus model (ECBCM) is proposed. ECBCM is a general model based on prestige rewards and penalties. It also introduces a node replacement mechanism to ensure the fault tolerance of the consensus process. According to the results of multiple sets of performance comparison experiments and security verification experiments after embedding the existing consensus algorithm, the validity of the consensus model is confirmed.
Abstract Once blockchain technology is successfully applied, it will certainly trigger revolutionary changes in the military development and combat mode, which are beyond the traditional military command and management scope. In the future, blockchain technology, by combining with military artificial intelligence, Internet of things, cloud computing and big data, will have priority to be applied in military management, support, security and even command. It is of great significance to excavate the military application potential of blockchain technology and scientifically predict its impact and influence on the military field, so as to improve the combat effectiveness of the army and promote its transformation and development.
This research proposes a new method of data synchronization between public blockchain networks and local machines. We discussed the proposed algorithm, and the mathematical model which achieves the shortest delay required for data synchronization. Tests were conducted to verify the correctness of the proposed model. Then a comparison is made with the current available classical synchronization methods. Suggested method may be useful for future DApps applications on Ethereum network.
The following topics are dealt with: learning (artificial intelligence); cryptography; distributed databases; feature extraction; Internet; cryptocurrencies; cryptographic protocols; neural nets; authorisation; Internet of Things.
This paper researches the consensus mechanism of Ethereum, focusing on the analysis and research of the consensus algorithm. The consensus algorithm is the kernel of Ethereum implementation, which is the most computationally intensive, time-consuming and occupies much memory. The concrete implementation architecture and method of heterogeneous operation are analyzed and implemented on the Xilinx ZCU106 platform. Finally, the verification content has been obtained.
In Korea, a budget of tens of trillion won is put into the national R & D project every year [1]. Thanks to continuous technology and industrial development, Korea's ICT industry is gaining global attention. National R & D projects manage R & D projects in order of Planning - Evaluation - Management - Project results. In Korea, the R & D cycle process is diverse from the planning stage to the research results manager stage. In other words, we manage planning and evaluation by different departments and institutions. This type of management leads to problems such as redundant planning, insufficient sharing of research results, and duplicate submission. Currently, NTIS (National Technology Information Service) provides to address issues of redundancy and sharing. However, the NTIS's review of project redundancy is centered on keywords and does not provide information on the planning stage. This situation leads to redundant planning by ministries and closed management of research results. Therefore, we propose a platform that can easily share project planning information, review project redundancy, share research results, and check duplication of research results using block chain technology, which many experts and entrepreneurs refer to as future innovative technologies. In this paper, we propose a platform called Perfect Sharing Project Platform (PSPP). We describe that PSPP can achieve excellent research results through information sharing of project process. To support the perfect sharing, this platform uses a new notion of consensus algorithm, called POA (Proof of Atomicity). This platform is suitable for sharing information.
System of integration and content formation taking into account the cryptocurrency consumer needs imports courses from cryptocurrency trading exchanges and exchangers. The method is based on the algorithms of forecasting and constructing of the corresponding graphs. It should also support the aggregation of information from social media such as Twitter. Import of news related to cryptocurrency. System based on this method should be optimized for search in search engines and services and distributed by servers. Such a system will serve to inform about currency rate fluctuations depending on the news background.
One of the most important components in a public blockchain like Bitcoin and Ethereum is the authenticated data structure that keeps track of all block data, transactions, and the world state (account balance, smart contract states, etc.) Thanks to authenticated data structures, lightweight nodes only need to store authentication information and can delegate queries to those nodes with a full replica of data and the authenticated data structure. The lightweight nodes can trust the query results after verifying against the authentication information. It is also critical to have enough nodes in the network that are equipped with the authenticated data structure to ensure scalability and availability, which is especially important for public blockchains. Therefore, every public blockchain highly encourages users to download the authenticated data structure as the first step.\n\nFetching all elements from the entire authenticated data structure is a novel query type that has not gathered attention in the past. We describe this new emerging query type in the three-party authenticated data structure (ADS). We improve the design and implementation of the authenticated data structure so that the new query type is well-supported. We specifically apply the improvements to the Ethereum blockchain network. With our proposed ADS system in Ethereum, we improve Ethereum state synchronization performance by 216 times.
The question "what is Bitcoin" allows for many answers depending on the objectives aimed at when providing such answers. The question addressed in this paper is to determine a top-level classification, or type, for Bitcoin. We will classify Bitcoin as a system of type money-like informational commodity (MLIC).
A new ID-based group signature scheme,whose group managers and group members are all ID-based,is presented.Because the scheme does not require zero knowledge proof and the group signature is generated by a group member in collaboration with the group manager,the scheme has the advantages of simple structure,short signature length,concurrent join of users,immediate revocation of group members,easy tracing of group signatures.
A generic way to construct a deniable group key establishment protocol from an unauthenticated group key es-tablishment protocol was proposed.The construction could be seen as a compiler.By using Schnorr's zero-knowledge identification scheme,this compiler could transform an unauthenticated group key establishment to a deniable group key establishment protocol with only additional two round communications and one round verification.It is very efficient and practical.The security and deniability proof is in the Random Oracle model.A concrete transforming example of the con-struction was also presented.
We deisgn a DAA scheme based on Short Group Signature on l-MOMSDH assumption.On the basis of Fiat-Shamir heuristic theory,the signature of knowledge and realization of the transformation from non-interactive zero knowledge proof to signature of knowledge are introduced.Because of its short signature,high efficiency and provable security in Standard Model,the security of DAA is increased while its efficiency is also guaranteed.
IKE protocol,with its complexity,is vulnerable to multiple attacks.This paper first analyzes its flaws,and then based on the idea of zero knowledge proof,proposes a new protocol,which can resist MITM attack efficiently as well as reduce system consumption.This protocol fits the users who need more strong security protect for their data.
Because of the complex theory and the diversiform modes of authentication,the component is designed by modularize method and widget pattern.Its parameters is established by user and its process of authentication is transparent for user.Four authentication modes is supported you can choose include mode based on password,mode based on zero knowledge proof,mode based on Biometrics and mode based on Token.The programmers can use the authentication component to develop their own authentication schemes.It also is used by the person to integration the authentication module who donāt know the authentication theory.
A theoretical scheme for zero-knowledge proof quantum identity authentication is proposed by the absolutely impartial third party CAļ¼ which has been realized based on remote state preparation and assisted cloning controlled means. In the process of identificationļ¼ only CA knows the information of quantum identity card and the first party Alice and the second party Bob can accomplish the quantum identity authentication without knowing it. We discuss the probability of accomplishing this job. The security of this scheme is unconditional and it is guaranteed by quantum mechanism.