Follow blockchain research across journals, conferences, and preprint repositories.
8,837 results · page 289 of 369
Shivani Sharma, Rashmi Chaudhry, Dinesh Bhardwaj
No abstract is available for this record.
R. Babu, K. Jayashree, Priya Vijay, K. Vijay
Customers can benefit from the Internet of Things in a number of ways, and it has the potential to transform the fundamental ways that consumers interact with technology. The pervasiveness and correspondences maintained for IoT might provide various conveniences and aids for people, but also open up many security loopholes. Blockchain, a distributed digital ledger, is finding uses in industries as diverse as finance, healthcare, utilities, agriculture, real estate, and Supplier Management. The middleman acting as guardians for specific applications in these enterprises can be removed in order to provide security and those equivalent applications can be run in a distributed way with practically no centralized power. Blockchain technology makes this feasible without sacrificing efficiency or safety, which was previously impossible. Blockchain and IoT seem to be best on their own in the respective sector in which it is applied, so businesses can try and exploit this powerful combination known as Blockchain Internet of Things (BIoT) to bring immense advancements, progressions and cutting edge innovations in the area of their interest. The term “BIoT” was created by fusing blockchain with IoT applications.
Jenil Thakker, Ikwhan Chang, Younghee Park
As Internet-of-Things (IoT) infrastructure has significantly dominated our life such as smart homes, hospitals, vehicles, and farms, efficient and secure IoT data management have been a new challenge to handle massive volumes of data and a myriad of IoT devices. To solve these problems, blockchain has become a critical technology to create a decentralized and publicly accessible network for immutable and verifiable data transaction for IoT. This paper proposes an efficient and secure data management system by using the blockchain technology to issue certificates for IoT devices and to retrieve data by using the certificates in any locations. The certified IoT devices in blockchain provide user privacy and data integrity for users while giving efficient data storage and retrieval through our blockchain-based IoT certificate management system. The certificates issued to the IoT devices hold data generated by the device and store it on the blockchain. We evaluate our proposed system on Ethereum to measure transaction cost and speed by issuing and verifying certificates according to the amount of data stored.
Abdullah Al Mamun, Abdullah Al Mamun, Sheikh Riad Hasan, Sheikh Riad Hasan · 10 authors
The know your customer or know your client (KYC) is a guideline for the banking system to validate a customer using identity, appropriateness, risk assessment in establishing a banking relationship. With the growing concern of security, the KYC process is complex and involves a high cost for completing for a single customer. In this work, we propose an economical, swift, secure, and transparent platform for KYC document verification for the Banking system through InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) and blockchain technology. The proposed system allows a customer to open an account at one Bank, complete the KYC process there, and generate a hash value using the IPFS network and share it using the blockchain technique. Upon receiving the private key, any Bank/financial organization can retrieve, store customer data (i.e., KYC) securely using IPFS network if the customer wishes to open another account in that Bank/financial organization. The proposed system can save time, money, and repetitive work during the KYC process when someone tries to open an account at multiple Banks.
M S Urmila, Balaji Hariharan, Rekha Prabha
No abstract is available for this record.
Zhitao Wan, Minqiang Cai, Xiuping Hua, Jinqing Yang · 5 authors
No abstract is available for this record.
Wajid Rafique, Maqbool Khan, Xuan Zhao, Nadeem Sarwar · 5 authors
No abstract is available for this record.
Umesh Kumar Chopra, Ayush Kumar Rathore, Rajiv Pandey
No abstract is available for this record.
Dodo Khan, Low Tang Jung, Manzoor Ahmed Hashmani, Ahmad Waqas
The state-of-art Blockchain technology has been receiving enormous attention from researchers and industry practitioners in recent years. Basically Blockchain is a distributed immutable ledgerutilized by user mainly to perform transactions across various nodes in a blockchain network after a mutual consensus of all the associated nodes in the network. Noticeably, Blockchain is made famous by the Bitcoin cryptocurrency. As of 2017 Blockchain has seen to disrupt many applications to a global worth of 150B. The consensus models are responsible for the process of reaching an agreement between all nodes in blockchain to accept a new block. The consensus model plays a vital role in sustaining Blockchain efficiency. Using the right consensus model can significantly increase the performance of blockchain operation. The consensus models can be divided into two categories. The first category is the proof-based consensus model whereby a node in the Blockchain performs enough proof over other nodes to gain a chance to append the next block to the chain. The second category is the voting-based model in which nodes need to share their results in verifying a transaction of a new block before a final decision is reached. In this paper we discuss the characteristics of some major existing consensus models and provide some critical reviews on their performances. The reviewis mainly concerning these aspects: transaction throughput, latency, network bandwidth, and storage.
Edy Sriyono
Water has always been considered as a physically scarce resource, particularly in North Africa, Central Asia, West Asia, among others. On the other hand, the current water management system is facing substantial difficulties due to the depletion of resources, the complexity of regulation, as well as the increasing demand of water in society. This article attempts to show the possibility of using blockchain technologies in managing scarce resources, such as water, to address environmental sustainability. Those applications could consolidate the seamless integration of the existing water management system through keen agreements which dwell on the blockchain and take into account automated work processes. It is expected that the implementation of blockchain technology will ensure trust, transparency, and accountability among individuals and other economic actors.
Mohammad Jabed Morshed Chowdhury, Md Sadek Ferdous, Kamanashis Biswas, Niaz Chowdhury · 5 authors
Abstract The Internet of Things (IoT) has recently emerged as an innovative technology capable of empowering various areas such as healthcare, agriculture, smart cities, smart homes and supply chain with real-time and state-of-the-art sensing capabilities. Due to the underlying potential of this technology, it already saw exponential growth in a wide variety of use-cases in multiple application domains. As researchers around the globe continue to investigate its aptitudes, a collective agreement is that to get the best out of this technology and to harness its full potential, IoT needs to sit upon a flexible network architecture with strong support for security, privacy and trust. On the other hand, blockchain (BC) technology has recently come into prominence as a breakthrough technology with the potential to deliver some valuable properties such as resiliency, support for integrity, anonymity, decentralization and autonomous control. Several BC platforms are proposed that may be suitable for different use-cases, including IoT applications. In such, the possibility to integrate the IoT and BC technology is seen as a potential solution to address some crucial issues. However, to achieve this, there must be a clear understanding of the requirements of different IoT applications and the suitability of a BC platform for a particular application satisfying its underlying requirements. This paper aims to achieve this goal by describing an evaluation framework which can be utilized to select a suitable BC platform for a given IoT application.
Palanivel Kuppusamy
Blockchain is an emerging technology that serves as an immutable ledger and publicly available infrastructure for building decentralized applications. Blockchain-based applications ensure transparency and trust between all parties involved in the interaction. Nowadays, educational organizations focus on online education and propose to create a system based on educational smart contracts in a public ledger. This public ledger shall be shared between major online and offline educational institutes around the world. From a software architecture perspective, blockchain enables new forms of distributed software architectures across a large network of untrusted participants. The objective of this chapter is to propose a blockchain architecture stack to smart education. The proposed architecture exploits the benefits of the blockchain and global ecosystem simplification to create a globally trusted higher education credit system.
Ragini Krishna, Chandrasekhar Tekur, Ravi Mukkamala, Pallav Kumar Baruah
No abstract is available for this record.
Tanweer Alam
The mHealth is a term that is used for mobile health supported by smart devices such as mobile phones, tablets, and wearable smart devices, etc. The smart devices strengthen the efficiency and effectiveness of interaction with patients, physicians, and specialists. Patients nowadays would like to be intimately involved in their diagnosis as well as to make more informed decisions concerning their care. It has begun to measure the success of the quality of treatment. This was a reason that patients trust mHealth to provide them with consistency in their communications with the physicians. Most wireless strategies do not measure up to this standard so that patient engagement ultimately ended up decreasing. The block-chain can boost mHealth through storing and sharing electronic data securely and transparently. It can enhance the accessibility of patient information in real-time. The Internet of Things (IoT) provides a unique identification number to every connected device such as mobile devices, medical devices, and wearable devices. This framework uses the block-chain and IoT technologies together to provide quick help to the patients, monitor remotely, reduce the cost and unnecessarily hospitalization physically and find the real diagnosis. In order to increase patient involvement, mHealth framework with block-chain and IoT technologies has built with the key objective of providing patients with full information on their treatment and diagnosis.
Armando Ruggeri, Maria Fazio, Antonio Celesti, Massimo Villari
No abstract is available for this record.
Byeong-Seop Kim, Myungsoo Kim, Jongpil Jeong
No abstract is available for this record.
Sara Ghaemi, Hamzeh Khazaei, Petr Musı́lek
Due to the rapid increase in the total amount of data generated in the world, the need for more computational resources is also increasing dramatically. This trend results in huge data centers and massive server farms being built around the world, which have a negative impact on global carbon emissions. On the other hand, there are many underutilized personal computers around the world that can be used towards distributed computing. To better understand the capacity of personal computers, we have conducted a survey that aims to find their unused computational power. The results indicate that the typical CPU utilization of a personal computer is only 24.5% and, on average, a personal computer is only used 4.5 hours per day. This shows a significant computational potential that can be used towards distributed computing. In this paper, we introduce ChainFaaS with the motivation to use the computational capacity of personal computers as well as to improve developers' experience of internet-based computing services by reducing their costs, enabling transparency, and providing reliability. ChainFaaS is an open, public, blockchain-based serverless platform that takes advantage of personal computers' computational capacity to run serverless tasks. If a substantial number of personal computers were connected to this platform, some tasks could be offloaded from data centers. As a result, the need for building new data centers would be reduced with a positive impact on the environment. We have proposed the design of ChainFaaS, and then implemented and evaluated a prototype of this platform to show its feasibility.
Carsten Siemon, David Rueckel, Barbara Krumay
As unforeseen situations, emergencies threaten the environment, property, and people’s lives. Large emergencies are characterized by the demand for coordination of a variety of actors, such as civil defense or disaster relief. Communication and information exchange are crucial for coordination. Therefore, a solid, stable communication infrastructure is among the crucial factors for emergency response. New technologies that seem to ensure trustworthy communication must be evaluated constantly. Blockchain technology is widely applied in a broad variety of contexts and is commonly known for its decentralized and distributed governance. This is the motivation for the design and evaluation of a framework for the adoption of blockchain technology in the case of emergency response following a design science approach. Evaluation of the artifact using a specific evaluation framework clearly indicates the suitability of the case for application of blockchain technology.
Lijun Xiao, Dezhi Han, Xiangwei Meng, Wei Liang · 5 authors
With the development of sensor devices, wireless sensor networks have been widely used, and Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) are relatively common application scenarios in wireless sensor networks. The wearable device is used to collect physiological data of the human body, and the server device is adopted to store physiological data of the human body. The openness of the network environment and network devices’ dynamic nature make WBANs vulnerable to security threats from attackers. The centralized two-hop architecture contains only one hub node, and the data stored in the hub node may be tampered with by attackers. Once attackers occupy the node, the entire network will be paralyzed. To tackle such an issue, it is proposed in this article a model in WBANs architecture based on Blockchain technology, where the authentication protocol and blind signature protocol between nodes are designed in the new WBANs model, making the Blockchain data transmission system in a wireless network environment secure and reliable. Experimental results show that the proposed method is promising and shows higher levels of safety and stability than other methods.
Quazi Mamun, M. Arif Khan
The Blockchain empowers IoT ecosystems more secure and transparent. AS a result, integrating these two technologies can have a significant impact across multiple industries. In this paper, a sample use case related to safe-work has been discussed. A group mutual exclusion (GME) protocol has been proposed for the consensus operation of different authorities/stakeholder to update the distributed ledger of the hybrid system. The protocol utilises a single token to enable various processes of different stakeholders to enter into a common session to reach the consensus among themselves. In other words, we have introduced a novel consensus protocol-proof of presence. The protocol offers a crucial characteristic-the concurrency, throughput, and waiting time can be tailored by adjusting the period for which a session is declared. The protocol also ensures no starvation in the system. Furthermore, this algorithm works out for the Extended Group Mutual Exclusion problem as well.
Rashid Ali, Yazdan Ahmad Qadri, Yousaf Bin Zikria, Fadi Al‐Turjman · 6 authors
No abstract is available for this record.
J. Guruprakash, Srinivas Koppu
Security, data privacy and decentralization are significant challenges in the Internet of Things (IoT) domain. These challenges are inherited attribute of another emerging technology, Blockchain. This enforced convergence of IoT and Blockchain, attracting researchers to study on the effective use of Blockchain's strength to solve the challenges of IoT. Rapid IoT adoption requires standardization and mature solution on security, data protection for compliance and performance for commercialization. These demands made a surge in variant blockchain flavours and combinations catering to different problems, and one such is Lightweight Scalable Blockchain (LSB). LSB had considerable caveats that require improvement for better adoption in the IoT domain. This paper focuses on encrypting transaction transmission, improving transaction flow, block validation, hash quality, hash rate and storage cost to improvise security and performance. The experimental evaluation is demonstrated on data from the temperature sensor to showcase superior applicability of the proposed work in the IoT domain. Implementation and result comparison with conventional LSB proves, the following achievements 1) An additional layer of transaction encryption using hybrid Elliptic Curve ElGamal (EC-ElGamal) method increases the security of the transmitted transaction for security enhancement. 2) Obtained 20% reduction in transaction processing time, 22% reduction on block validation processing time, 53% improvement on the hash operation and quality with an overall 7% saving on the storage cost thereby increased the overall performance.
Rahul Katarya, Aamir Mustafa
Blockchain is a publicly distributed ledger system that provides access to all records for everyone participating in the network. All the additions to the block are permanent and unchangeable. All major or minor changes are reported in a new block and cannot be reversed. Since the ledger is being distributed, there is no centralized authority. By eliminating the need for intermediaries, blockchain enables parties to trace transactions quickly and easily. The transactions occurring on a blockchain are transparent, reliable, authenticated and secured with the help of cryptography. The biggest advantage of the distributed ledger of blockchain is reduced operating costs. Blockchain is already being used by companies like IBM, Barclays, and Kodak etc. Blockchain can contain details of transactions for resources other than money such as land, automobiles, agricultural products etc. Any adjustment must be accepted by most people in the network, and this is achieved using Consensus algorithms. This paper discusses some of the core algorithms for consensus used in blockchain systems.
Ashok Kumar Yadav, Karan Singh
No abstract is available for this record.