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1,050 results · page 27 of 44
M. Vivekanandan, V. N. Sastry, U. Srinivasulu Reddy
No abstract is available for this record.
Can Zhang, Liehuang Zhu, Chang Xu
The development of IoT and fog computing promotes various kinds of authentication mechanisms for IoT devices. Traditional IoT authentication schemes are based on Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) where a centralized certificate authority is introduced. To mitigate the security, privacy, and reliability issues bring from the centralization, some blockchain-based authentication schemes have been presented to achieve decentralized authentication. Unfortunately, they cannot be directly used under the fog-based IoT environment, which consists of resource-constrained IoT devices. To mitigate these issues, we present a Blockchain-enabled reliable, and Privacy-preserving Authentication for Fog-based IoT devices, named BPAF. BPAF achieves reliable authentication of fog nodes without violating the privacy of authenticated users during the authentication process. Security analysis and experimental evaluations show that BPAF achieves privacy-preserving and reliable authentication with high efficiency for both the fog nodes and full nodes participating in the authentication process.
T. N. Shankar, P Rakesh, T Bhargawa Rao, L Hari Bharadwaj · 6 authors
Out of many problems regarding land recording, so many fraudulent methods can be applied to obtain the records from the virtual storage system. The factors related to it might vary from time to time and place to place, but one of the common and vital ones would be the lack of security for such sensitive records. To reduce the severity of a secure storage system for these records, implementation of user authentication can assist as an additional security policy in case of land details theft. Unlike conventional methods, the land record would be encrypted with an asymmetric algorithm, where the implementation of common reformations in technology, especially in security can be referred blockchain for data safety, iris recognition and OTP for authentication can notify the record owner about any kind of illegal activities on the secured records. And in terms of encryption, the asymmetric key policy is referred to with blockchain technology to encrypt the land records.
Amara Devendra Dinesh, Chirra Durga Prasad Reddy, Govada Venkata Gopi, Rishab Jain · 5 authors
In the digital era, one of the aspects is data security, where the combination of biometrics with blockchain is introduced as an advanced and durable technique to protect sensitive information. In modern society, biometric systems are widely employed instead of the password as an authentication process with high-level security, is complicated to hack the system by the hacker. At this juncture, the blockchain can provide high-level security as a fast-accessing process in an efficient manner. Any authentication process refers to some conventional hashing policy for the preparation of digital signatures. The same digital signature can process with the blockchain technique by referring to the hashing approach is discussed in this paper.
Safiullah Khan, Wai‐Kong Lee, Seong Oun Hwang
IoT nodes comprise of sensors and embedded resource-constrained systems. On the other hand, blockchain is regarded as computationally expensive due to the consensus algorithms. Therefore, it is challenging to apply blockchain to an IoT system. This work presents a unique concept that integrates blockchain with lightweight cryptographic solutions targeting resource-constrained IoT sensor nodes. In particular, proof-of-authentication utilizing a lightweight authenticated encryption (AE) scheme to achieve consensus is proposed. At sensor nodes, a tag is generated based on sensor data, which is then broadcast to the network. Upon authentication from the cluster head node (e.g., a gateway), the block is hashed using the lightweight hash function and added to the blockchain. The proposed solution can be implemented in software (e.g., microcontroller) or hardware platform (e.g., FPGA, ASIC). Experimental results show that lightweight authentication can perform 1.34 M authentications per-second with only 6.55 k lookup tables (LUTs) on the Spartan-6 FPGA platform. This high-throughput authentication can speed up the consensus in blockchain, utilizing few resources and making it very suitable for applications in IoT sensor nodes.
Azees Maria, Pandi Vijayakumar, L. Jegatha Deborah, Marimuthu Karuppiah · 5 authors
Smart driving has become conceivable due to the rapid growth of vehicular ad hoc networks. VANETs are considered as the main platform for providing safety road information and instant vehicle communication. Nevertheless, due to the open wireless nature of communication channels, VANET is susceptible to security attacks by malicious users. For this reason, secure anonymous authentication schemes are essential in VANETs. However, when vehicles reach a new roadside unit (RSU) coverage area, the vehicles need to perform reauthentication with the current RSU, which significantly diminishes the efficiency of the entire VANET. Therefore, the introduction of blockchain technology has created opportunities for VANETs to resolve the aforementioned challenges. Due to the decentralized nature of blockchain technology, rapid reauthentication of vehicles is achieved in this paper through secure authentication code transfer between the consecutive RSUs. The security strength of the proposed blockchain-based anonymous authentication scheme against various harmful security attacks is proven in the security analysis section to ensure that it provides better security. In addition, blockchain, as presented in the performance analysis section, is used to substantially diminish the computational cost compared to conventional authentication schemes.
Uma Narayanan, Varghese Paul, Shelbi Joseph
No abstract is available for this record.
A. F. M. Suaib Akhter, Mohiuddin Ahmed, A. F. M. Shahen Shah, Adnan Anwar · 6 authors
The efficiency of cooperative communication protocols to increase the reliability and range of transmission for Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) is proven, but identity verification and communication security are required to be ensured. Though it is difficult to maintain strong network connections between vehicles because of there high mobility, with the help of cooperative communication, it is possible to increase the communication efficiency, minimise delay, packet loss, and Packet Dropping Rate (PDR). However, cooperating with unknown or unauthorized vehicles could result in information theft, privacy leakage, vulnerable to different security attacks, etc. In this paper, a blockchain based secure and privacy preserving authentication protocol is proposed for the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). Blockchain is utilized to store and manage the authentication information in a distributed and decentralized environment and developed on the Ethereum platform that uses a digital signature algorithm to ensure confidentiality, non-repudiation, integrity, and preserving the privacy of the IoVs. For optimized communication, transmitted services are categorized into emergency and optional services. Similarly, to optimize the performance of the authentication process, IoVs are categorized as emergency and general IoVs. The proposed cooperative protocol is validated by numerical analyses which show that the protocol successfully increases the system throughput and decreases PDR and delay. On the other hand, the authentication protocol requires minimum storage as well as generates low computational overhead that is suitable for the IoVs with limited computer resources.
Sonali Patil, Sarika Kadam, Jayashree Katti
In today's digital era, data is most important in every phase of work. The storage and processing on data with security is the need of each and every application field. Data need to be tamper resistant due to possibility of alteration. Data can be represented and stored in heterogeneous format. There are chances of attack on information which is vital for particular organization. With rapid increase in cyber crime, attackers behave maliciously to alter those data. But it is having great impact on forensic evidences which is required for provenance. Therefore, it is required to maintain the reliability and provenance of digital evidences as it travels through various stages during forensic investigation. In this approach, there is a forensic chain in which generated report passes through various levels or intermediaries such as pathology laboratory, doctor, police department etc. To build the transparent system with immutability of forensic evidences, blockchain technology is more suitable. Blockchain technology provides the transfer of assets or evidence reports in transparent environment without central authority. In this paper blockchain based secure system for forensic evidences is proposed. The proposed system is implemented on Ethereum platform. The tampering of forensic evidence can be easily traced at any stage by anyone in the forensic chain. The security enhancement of forensic evidences is achieved through implementation on Ethereum platform with high integrity, traceability and immutability.
Chien‐Ming Chen, Xiaoting Deng, Wensheng Gan, Jiahui Chen · 5 authors
No abstract is available for this record.
Amina Bassit, Florian Hahn, Joep Peeters, T.A.M. Kevenaar · 6 authors
Biometric verification has been widely deployed in current authentication solutions as it proves the physical presence of individuals. To protect the sensitive biometric data in such systems, several solutions have been developed that provide security against honest-but-curious (semi-honest) attackers. However, in practice attackers typically do not act honestly and multiple studies have shown drastic biometric information leakage in such honest-but-curious solutions when considering dishonest, malicious attackers. In this paper, we propose a provably secure biometric verification protocol to withstand malicious attackers and prevent biometric data from any sort of leakage. The proposed protocol is based on a homomorphically encrypted log likelihood-ratio-based (HELR) classifier that supports any biometric modality (e.g. face, fingerprint, dynamic signature, etc.) encoded as a fixed-length real-valued feature vector and performs an accurate and fast biometric recognition. Our protocol, that is secure against malicious adversaries, is designed from a protocol secure against semi-honest adversaries enhanced by zero-knowledge proofs. We evaluate both protocols for various security levels and record a sub-second speed (between $0.37$s and $0.88$s) for the protocol against semi-honest adversaries and between $0.95$s and $2.50$s for the protocol secure against malicious adversaries.
Wenming Wang, Haiping Huang, Lingyan Xue, Qi Li · 6 authors
No abstract is available for this record.
Anusha Vangala, Anil Kumar Sutrala, Ashok Kumar Das, Minho Jo
A blockchain-based smart farming technology provides the agricultural data to the farmers and other users associated with smart farming on a single integrated platform. Moreover, persistence and auditability of stored data in blocks into the blockchain provide the confidence of using the correct data when needed later and adds transparency, anonymity, and traceability at the same time. To fulfill such a goal, in this article, we design a new smart contract-based blockchain-envisioned authenticated key agreement mechanism in a smart farming environment. The device-to-device (D2D) authentication phase and device-to-gateway (D2G) authentication phase support mutual authentication and key agreement between two Internet-of-Things (IoT)-enabled devices and between an IoT device and the gateway node (GWN) in the network, respectively. The blocks are created by the edge servers on the authenticated data of IoT devices received from the GWNs and then sent to the cloud server (CS). The smart contract-based consensus mechanism allows verification and addition of the formed blocks by a peer-to-peer (P2P) CSs network. The security of the proposed scheme is done through formal and informal security analysis, and also using the formal security verification tool. A detailed comparative study reveals that the proposed scheme offers superior security and more functionality features as compared to existing competing authentication protocols. Finally, the blockchain-based simulation has been conducted to measure computational time for a varied number of mined blocks and also a varied number of transactions per block.
Chin‐Ling Chen, Yong‐Yuan Deng, Wei Weng, Ming Zhou · 5 authors
No abstract is available for this record.
Xiaoding Wang, Sahil Garg, Hui Lin, Md. Jalil Piran · 6 authors
Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is ushering in huge development opportunities in the era of Industry 4.0. However, there are significant data security and privacy challenges during automatic and real-time data collection, monitoring for industrial applications in IIoT. Data security and privacy in IIoT applications are closely related to the reliability of users, which is determined by user authentication that have been widely used as an effective approach. However, the existing user authentication mechanisms in IIoT suffer from single factor authentication and poor adaptability with the rapid growth of the number of users and the diversity of user categories. To solve the aforementioned issues, this article proposes a novel Authentication mechanism based on Transfer Learning empowered Blockchain, coined ATLB. In ATLB, blockchains are applied to achieve the privacy preservation for industrial applications. In addition, by introducing the transfer learning based authentication mechanism, trustworthy blockchains are built such that the privacy preservation for industrial applications is further enhanced. Specifically, ATLB first employs a guiding deep deterministic policy gradient algorithm to train the user authentication model of a specific region, which is then transferred locally for foreign user authentication or cross-regionally for another region's user authentication such that the model training time is significantly reduced. Experimental results show that the proposed ATLB not only provides accurate authentications for IIoT applications but also achieves high throughput and low latency.
Mubashar Iqbal, Raimundas Matulevičius
No abstract is available for this record.
Leyou Zhang, Ke Huang, Fatemeh Rezaeibagha, Yi Mu
Bitcoin transactions rely on digital signatures to prove the ownership of bitcoin. The private signing key of the bitcoin owner is the key component to enable a bitcoin transaction. If the signing key of a bitcoin is stolen, the theft who possesses the key can make a transaction of the bitcoin. In this paper, based on the distance-based encryption (DBE), we propose an enhanced version of bitcoin in order to protect the signing key. Our approach is based on our two-factor authentication, where the signing key cannot be retrieved without being identified via the password and biometric authentication scheme, and the user is only required to enter his password and fingerprint (or other biometric information such as a factual image) to retrieve the key. By doing this, we can effectively improve the bitcoin security and provide stronger authentication. An attractive feature of our scheme is that one of encryption schemes is asymmetric, in the sense that the decryption key (biometric information) is not stored in the device. We also provide the security model and proof to justify the security of our scheme.
K. Kumutha, S. Jayalakshmi
No abstract is available for this record.
Tarik Hidar, Anas Abou El Kalam, Siham Benhadou, Oussama Mounnan
Since the Tactile Internet has been considered as a new era of Internet, delivering real-time interactive systems as well as ultra-reliable and ultra-responsive network connectivity, tremendous efforts have been made to ensure authentication between communication’s parties to secure remote surgery. Since this human to machine interaction like remote surgery is critical and the communication between the surgeon and the tactile actor i.e. robot arms should be fully protected during the surgical procedure, a fully secure mutual user authentication scheme should be used in order to establish a secure session among the communicating parties. The existing methods usually require a server to ensure the authentication among the communicating parties, which makes the system vulnerable to single of point failure and not fit the design of such critical distributed environment i.e. tactile internet. To address these issues, we propose a new decentralized blockchain based authentication solution for tactile internet. In our proposed solution, there is no need for a trusted party; moreover, the decentralized nature of our proposed solution makes the authentication immutable, efficient, secure, and low latency requirement. The implementation of our proposed solution is deployed on Ethereum official test network Ropsten. The experimental results show that our solution is efficient, highly secured, and flexible.
Peng Zhang, Tsung-Ting Kuo
No abstract is available for this record.
Rita Oliveira, Catarina I. Reis, Marisa Maximiano
No abstract is available for this record.
Shubham Joshi, Shalini Stalin, Prashant Kumar Shukla, Piyush Kumar Shukla · 7 authors
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a new revolution defined by heterogeneous devices made up of intelligent, omnipresent items that are all hooked up to The internet. These devices are frequently implemented in different areas to offer innovative programs in various industrial applications, including intelligent urban, medicine, and societies. Such Internet of Things (IoT) equipment generates a large volume of private and safety information. Because IoT systems are resource‐constrained in terms of operation, memory, and communication capability, safeguarding accessibility to them is a difficult task. In the blockchain concept, the majority, or even all network nodes, check the validity and accuracy of exchanged data before accepting and recording it, whether this data is related to financial transactions, measurements of a sensor, or an authentication message. In evaluating the validity of exchanged data, nodes must reach a consensus in order to perform a special action, in which case the opportunity to enter and record transactions and unreliable interactions with the system is significantly reduced. Recently, in order to share and access management of IoT devices’ information with a distributed attitude, a new authentication protocol based on blockchain has been proposed, and it is claimed that this protocol satisfies user privacy while preserving security. Today’s identification and authentication techniques have substantial shortcomings due to rapidly growing prevalence and implementation. As a result, the protection of such gadgets is critical to guarantee the program’s efficacy and safety. A decentralized authentication and access control method for lightweight IoT systems are proposed in this work and a blockchain‐based system that enables identification and secures messaging with IoT nodes. The technique is built on fog information systems and the idea of a blockchain system; when contrasted to something like a blockchain‐based verification system, the testing findings show that the suggested mechanism outperforms it. The authentication and verification system undergoes using the blockchain technique. Our method takes advantage of blockchain’s inherent advantages while also associated with development authentication systems. Our suggested blockchain‐based approach, structure, and layout, in particular, provide for transparency, consistency, and provenance while also providing tamper‐proof records. The article describes the general systems architectural style and the analysis and execution of a real scenario as just a prototype system. The authentication included give as protected prototype that can transmit data with secured protocol and achieves minimum error rate.
Bong Gon Kim, Young-Seob Cho, Seok-Hyun Kim, Hyoungshick Kim · 5 authors
Decentralized identifiers (DID) has shown great potential for sharing user identities across different domains and services without compromising user privacy. DID is designed to enable the minimum disclosure of the proof from a user's credentials on a need-to-know basis with a contextualized delegation. At first glance, DID appears to be well-suited for this purpose. However, the overall security of DID has not been thoroughly examined. In this paper, we systemically explore key components of DID systems and analyze their possible vulnerabilities when deployed. First, we analyze the data flow between DID system components and analyze possible security threats. Next, we carefully identify potential security threats over seven different DID functional domains, ranging from user wallet to universal resolver. Lastly, we discuss the possible countermeasures against the security threats we identified.
Yiming Guo, Xi Chen, Shuang Tian, Le Yang · 9 authors
No abstract is available for this record.