Vulnerabilities in smart contracts may trigger serious security events, and the detection of smart contract vulnerabilities has become a significant problem. In this paper, to solve the limitations of current deep learning-based vulnerability detection methods in extracting various code critical features, using the multi-scale cascade encoder architecture as the backbone, we propose a novel Multi-Scale Encoder Vulnerability Detection (MEVD) approach to hit well-known high-risk vulnerabilities in smart contracts. Firstly, we use the gating mechanism to design a unique Surface Feature Encoder (SFE) to enrich the semantic information of code features. Then, by combining a Base Transformer Encoder (BTE) and a Detail CNN Encoder (DCE), we introduce a dual-branch encoder to capture the global structure and local detail features of the smart contract code, respectively. Finally, to focus the model’s attention on vulnerability-related characteristics, we employ the Deep Residual Shrinkage Network (DRSN). Experimental results on three types of high-risk vulnerability datasets demonstrate performance compared to state-of-the-art methods, and our method achieves an average detection accuracy of 90%.
Vinay Rishiwal, Udit Agarwal, Mano Yadav, Aziz Alotaibi · 6 authors
The gaming industry, which predominantly depends on centralized platforms, faces growing challenges in protecting digital assets, ensuring gameplay fairness, and addressing online fraud. Conventional gaming systems store player data on centralised servers, including sensitive financial and personal information, making them particularly vulnerable to cyberattacks and security breaches. With gaming transactions frequently occurring on unsecured mobile and desktop platforms, player accounts are often at risk of theft, hacking, and fraud. These security vulnerabilities result in significant financial losses for players and developers, underscoring the urgent need for a secure, transparent, decentralized solution. In light of these challenges, adopting blockchain technology in gaming platforms has emerged as a promising and transformative solution. Blockchain’s decentralized and immutable ledger offers enhanced security, making it nearly impossible for malicious actors to manipulate transaction records or steal digital assets. Research and practical implementations have shown that blockchain can effectively reduce online fraud by securely storing in-game assets and transactions on decentralized networks, ensuring their integrity and resistance to tampering. This paper makes several significant contributions to understanding how blockchain technology can revolutionize the gaming industry. First, it provides a comprehensive analysis of blockchain’s security advantages, emphasizing its capacity to reduce online fraud and enhance the protection of digital assets. Second, the paper explores how blockchain enhances player autonomy by establishing secure digital identities and tokenising in-game assets. By enabling players to own, trade, and exchange their assets directly, blockchain fosters a decentralized gaming economy that grants players greater control over their virtual possessions. Finally, the paper identifies emerging trends and potential research avenues in blockchain-enabled gaming, offering valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field.
Bitcoin, introduced in late 2008 and implemented in early 2009, has emerged as the most successful cryptographic currency in history, pioneering the concept of a decentralized global cryptocurrency. Despite its quiet launch, Bitcoin rapidly grew to represent billions of dollars in economic value, leading to extensive analysis and research into its design, properties, vulnerabilities, and future challenges. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of Bitcoin, focusing on its benefits and examining the specific challenges and issues it faces in India. Additionally, the paper highlights the risks associated with investing in Bitcoin. The proposed problem centers on the regulatory, technological, and market challenges that hinder Bitcoin's adoption and stability in the Indian context. The solution involves analyzing these challenges and suggesting strategic measures, such as regulatory frameworks and risk management practices, to enhance the secure and sustainable growth of Bitcoin in India.
Cryptocurrency tracker is an online platform that provides a userfriendly experience. Users get a simple and userfriendly experien ce through the user interface. Users can sign into their account with Gmail or a mobile number for easy access to their account. U sers can track prices of different cryptocurrencies and view currency charts. Using this user interface, users can find prices and ot her relevant information about cryptocurrencies. The app helps users to create watchlists and we can track prices. We can set alerts for cryptocurrency prices. We can customize notifications and help understand new cryptocurrency trends. Users can easily find various cryptocurrencies and track future crypt currency trends. It helps users invest in new popular cryptocurrencies that will be more useful to them in the future. Overall, the Cryptocurrency Tracker web app is a valuable tool for anyone looking to invest, trade, or just keep an eye on the cryptocurrency market. It provides realtime data and insights that can help users make informed investment decisions and stay abrea st of the latest industry trends and developments.
This study addresses the challenge of counterfeit goods in sustainable supply chains and its impact on achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goal of "ensuring sustainable consumption and production." By utilizing a combined methodology of qualitative data from in-depth interviews with industry experts, supply chain professionals, and technology specialists, along with quantitative data from literature and case studies, the research explores the applicability of blockchain technology in countering counterfeiting within supply chains. An implementation framework is developed, considering industry-specific barriers and mitigation measures. It investigates enablers, barriers, implementation strategies, and monitoring plans, focusing on stakeholder incentives. Additionally, a framework for blockchain-based traceability is presented, promoting visibility, authentication, and accountability to combat counterfeit goods in sustainable supply chains. The study provides valuable insights for securing supply chains, protecting consumers, and advancing industry sustainability within the manufacturing context. The recommended framework leverages blockchain's potential to revolutionize supply chain integrity and address the issue of counterfeit products effectively.
Victor Chinedu Achebe, Oluwatosin Ilori, Ngozi Joan Isibor
Corporate fraud and legal non-compliance represent persistent risks to organizational integrity, financial performance, and stakeholder trust. Despite the widespread implementation of conventional control systems, many enterprises continue to face challenges in detecting fraudulent behavior and ensuring consistent compliance with regulatory standards. These challenges are often exacerbated by fragmented data environments, delayed reporting mechanisms, and vulnerabilities to human error or deliberate manipulation. In response to these limitations, blockchain technology has emerged as a transformative tool in corporate governance, offering a decentralized, transparent, and immutable platform for transaction recording and rule enforcement. This proposes a conceptual framework for deploying blockchain technology to strengthen corporate fraud detection and legal compliance systems. The framework integrates key blockchain features such as distributed ledgers, smart contracts, and automated audit trails with existing organizational processes to enhance data reliability, increase transparency, and support real-time compliance monitoring. It outlines critical components including the data integration layer, blockchain infrastructure selection (public vs. permissioned), a smart contract execution engine, and advanced analytics for anomaly detection. Furthermore, the framework addresses essential considerations such as interoperability with legacy systems, legal and regulatory alignment, and data privacy concerns. The proposed framework is intended to guide practitioners, auditors, compliance officers, and researchers in designing and implementing blockchain-based solutions that mitigate fraud risks and improve regulatory adherence across diverse industry sectors. By leveraging blockchain’s unique capabilities, organizations can move from reactive to proactive compliance management, thereby reducing the incidence of corporate misconduct and enhancing overall accountability. This conceptual exploration lays the foundation for future empirical research and pilot implementations, contributing to the growing discourse on the role of emerging technologies in corporate risk management and legal governance.
Cryptocurrencies have become a topic of heated discussion globally, leading some countries, such as India, to contemplate prohibition due to perceived economic risks. However, the substantial financial interests involved and concerns raised by fintech entrepreneurs have compelled governments to consider regulating the cryptocurrency market. This research aims to delve into the historical trajectory of cryptocurrencies, scrutinize the legal complexities they present, and analyse the imperative for comprehensive regulatory measures. Furthermore, it will explore the international regulatory frameworks currently in place and emerging trends, with a particular emphasis on India's regulatory environment. This includes an examination of past developments, regulatory interventions, judicial rulings, and prospective trends within the country's crypto sphere.
Vladimir Popov, Mikhail Krupin, Andrew Gross, Georgi Koreli
New advancements in zero-knowledge proof construction, including improvements in user experience, have made blockchain-based privacy applications more accessible than ever.However, additional measures are required to balance the needs of regulators, the basic privacy rights of users, and the constant threat of bad actors.To address these issues, privacy protocols can introduce features designed to increase transparency, encourage compliance, and prevent illicit use.In this paper, current privacy-preserving methods (privacy pools) are explained along with compliance measures designed to prevent illicit usage.These measures are divided into three broad categories: general restrictions, such as transaction limits, deposit quarantine, and geoblocking; selective disclosure, such as privacy-preserving KYC, proof of innocence, and opt-in reporting; and threat identification and prevention, including AML wallet screening.Each of these methods are described in detail along with examples of three privacypreserving protocols (Hinkal, RAILGUN, and zkBob) which utilize varying combinations of these methodologies to achieve privacy informed by selfregulatory compliance.
The paper delves into the pivotal role of financial technology, particularly cryptocurrencies, in perpetuating child sexual exploitation.It examines methods such as converting cryptocurrency to fiat, using mixers, and exploiting decentralized finance for money laundering, all of which facilitate anonymity and fund child exploitation networks.Additionally, it assesses regulatory effectiveness, considering instruments such as the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and Indonesia's Law No. 35/2014, an amendment to Law No. 23/2002 on Child Protection, and proposes reforms to bolster child protection measures.Through stakeholder interviews, it uncovers challenges faced by law enforcement, regulators, and child protection agencies, guiding collaborative recommendations to disrupt exploitation networks and safeguard children from harm.Addressing ethical dilemmas, the paper advocates for a holistic approach that prioritizes child welfare and human rights.Moreover, it highlights concerning data from 2019, where the IWF identified 288 new dark web sites selling Child Sexual Exploitation Material (CSEM), reflecting a 238% increase from 2018.Notably, 197 of these sites exclusively accepted payment in virtual currencies, exacerbating the challenge.Emphasizing the need for action, the paper underscores the Regional Plan of Action for the Protection of Children from All Forms of Online Exploitation and Abuse in ASEAN (RPA), stressing the urgency to address anonymous users and transactions.In conclusion, the paper underscores the necessity for collective action to combat the misuse of financial technology in child exploitation.It advocates for regulatory reforms, increased collaboration, and ethical considerations to ensure a safer future for vulnerable children worldwide.