Introduction. NFT scheme is used to certify the authenticity of digital records. It is also to provide a code for the original (genuine) data recorded on the blockchain. NFT creates a single data that cannot be duplicated in digital records. The misuse of NFT authentication to illegally certify other people's data have become a problem. Data Collection Methods. This study used an argumentative literature review with a qualitative approach. It used literature data sources from various fields related to the basic concepts of archival science as a basic analysis. Data Analysis. The analysis process consisted of several stages, namely reading the reviewed literature, summarising, analysing, and synthesising them critically and deeply. Results and Discussion. The concept of development related to data ownership issues can be formulated by collaborating with user communities, developers, and digital service designers (ecosystems). As a preventive measure, understanding the logistical consequences of data security threats was very helpful. This included authenticity, integrity, confidentiality, and authorisation, they served as important points to reduce risk. Conclusion. The NFT concept continues to develop dynamically. A more in-depth study and the involvement of archival science are necessary, thus, NFT scheme can build trust in digital records regarding the issue of data ownership.
Bitcoin merupakan salah satu dari mata uang digital yang dalam regulasinya tidak diatur oleh siapa pun seperti lembaga, organisasi maupun pemerintahan. Bitcoin menggunakan teknologi kriptografi atau yang biasa dikenal dengan teknologi Blockchain. Teknologi ini merupakan teknologi penyimpanan data atau transaksi kedalam sebuah block, dimana setiap proses penambahan block baru harus melalui proses validasi oleh sistem sesuai dengan konsensus yang berlaku. Untuk mengamankan jaringan Blockchain miliknya, bitcoin menggunakan algoritma konsensus Proof of Work (PoW). Proses validasi block inilah yang dinamakan dengan proses mining. Mining dilakukan untuk menambahkan transaksi kedalam Block dengan cara memecahkan teka-teki matematika dari algoritma PoW dengan cara memberikan komputasi power dari GPU oleh miner. Dikarenakan membutuhkan power yang besar, para miner diberi imbalan berupa bitcoin. Besaran bitcoin yang diterima tergantung dari hash power miner. Fenomena mining bitcoin menjadi trend bisnis pada masa kini karena menjanjikan keuntungan. Fenomena ini membuat banyak orang awam untuk ikut melakukan mining, tanpa mengetahui apa yang sebenarnya akan dilakukan. Maka dari itu simulasi ini dibuat dengan tujuan untuk mengedukasi bagaimana proses yang terjadi pada mining Bitcoin dengan cara visualisasi melalui Aplikasi web yang nantinya akan dibangun menggunakan bahasa pemrograman javascript dan diharapkan dapat menggambarkan proses mining pada blockchain dengan menerapkan algoritma konsensus Proof of Work di dalamnya.
Abstract: Charity is an act of kindness, wherein a person who has financially more than enough of what he needs contributes part of his surplus earnings for the fulfillment of the needs of folks who are much less capable. The charity organizations lack transparency and the supervision of them is difficult to achieve, which has a negative impact on the willingness of the people to donate. Blockchain as an underlying technology provides a new solution for the charity system in terms of technology. This project proposed a charity system (D-Donation) based on blockchain technology and expounds the design pattern, architecture and operational process of the platform. Some core functions of the D-Donation app have been realized and verified on Polygon Blockchain. Through this we hope to increase the transparency of charities to enhance the public's trust in charities and promote the development of philanthropy by blockchain-based charity system. Keyword: Blockchain, Ethereum, Polygon, Solidity, Smart contracts, Metamask, Javascript, Node js, React JS, Ethers js, Hardhat.
Precious metals and cryptocurrencies are one of the most preferred investment instruments during the Covid-19 pandemic. There are three types of market efficiency, weak form efficiency, semi-strong, and strong form efficiency; this is disclosed in the efficient market hypothesis proposed by Fama in several of his works. Efficient or inefficient market can be seen from the returns obtained by the market participants, market participants will get a reasonable return if they are in an efficient market. This study aims to determine whether the precious metals and cryptocurrency markets are efficient in the weak form. Run test and Augmented Dickey-Fuller test are used to determine the randomness of price movements (random walk). The more random the price, the more efficient it will be in the weak form. The period used in this study is January 1, 2019 to June 30, 2021. The results of this study are the price of precious metals runs randomly during the Covid-19 pandemic, which means that the precious metal market is efficient in a weak form. Meanwhile, the results of the cryptocurrency return test show that the cryptocurrency market is inefficient in the weak form during the Covid-19 pandemic.
I GEDE MAHA HENDRA PRATAMA, I WAYAN SUMARJAYA, NI LUH PUTU SUCIPTAWATI
One of the spectacular advances in technology in the economic field is the cryptocurrency it created. The fluctuating price of Bitcoin, is widely used as a means of making profit. The time series forecasting method that can be used for the case of nonlinear time series data such as Bitcoin data is the smooth transition autoregressive (STAR) model. STAR is an extension of the autoregressive model for nonlinear time data. The purpose of this study is to obtain the results of forecasting Bitcoin price data for the next 2 two months using the STAR method. The data used in this study is Bitcoin daily price data from September 2017 to April 2021. To estimate the STAR model, several things that must be determined are the autoregressive model, transition variables, and transition functions. If the STAR model has been estimated, forecasting will be carried out for the next 2 months, which results in the forecast for the highest Bitcoin price falling on June 30, 2021 and the lowest Bitcoin price falling on May 1, 2021.
Muchtar Ali Setyo Yudono, Aryo De Wibowo Muhammad Sidik, Ilman Himawan Kusumah, Anang Suryana · 9 authors
Bitcoin is a decentralized electronic money that is not controlled nor insured by a central authority. Because it is still a young system, the price of Bitcoin is extremely unpredictable, making Bitcoin users and investors uneasy. A typical difficulty for investors and traders is predicting the future movement of the value of Bitcoin electronic money based on historical data. Because investors and traders only notice swings in global currency prices and make Bitcoin buy/sell decisions instinctively, they frequently make the erroneous buy/sell decisions. Many investors and traders suffered significant losses as a result of this error. Losses can be reduced by employing an algorithm that predicts the movement of the value of Bitcoin electronic money. Using a comparison of two methodologies, the Simple Moving Average and RBFNN, we will anticipate the closing price of Bitcoin USD (BTC-USD) from January 1, 2021 to January 31, 2021. The results obtained using the simple moving average method MSE = 0.01 percent and MAPE = 36.67 percent, and the results obtained using the RBFNN method MSE = 9.97 x 10-7 and MAPE = 9.97 x 10-5, indicating that the RBFNN method with an accuracy rate of 99.9995 percent is better than the simple moving average method in forecasting the closing price of bitcoin.
Deny Haryadi, Arif Rahman Hakim, Dewi Marini Umi Atmaja, Syifa Nurgaida Yutia
Cryptocurrency investment is an investment instrument that has high risk but also has a greater advantage than other investment instruments. To make a big profit, investors need to analyze cryptocurrency investments to predict the price of the cryptocurrency to be purchased. The highly volatile movement of cryptocurrency prices makes it difficult for investors to predict those prices. Data mining is the process of extracting large amounts of information from data by collecting, using data, the history of data relationship patterns, and relationships in large data sets. Support Vector Regression has the advantage of doing accurate cryptocurrency price predictions and can overcome the problem of overfitting by itself. Polkadot is one of the cryptocurrencies that are often used as investment instruments in the world of cryptocurrencies. Polkadot cryptocurrency price prediction analysis using the Support Vector Regression algorithm has a good predictive accuracy value, including for Polkadot daily closing price data, namely with a radial basis function (RBF) kernel with cost parameters C = 1000 and gamma = 0.001 obtained model accuracy of 90.00% and MAPE of 5.28 while for linear kernels with parameters C = 10 obtained an accuracy of 87.68% with a MAPE value of 6.10. It can be concluded that through parameter tuning, the model formed has an accuracy value and the best MAPE is to use a radial kernel basis function (RBF) with cost parameters C = 1000 and gamma = 0.001. The results show that the Support Vector Regression method is quite good if used for the prediction of Polkadot cryptocurrencies.
Helynda Mulya Arga Retha, Gilberto Daniel Dwi Putra Taslim
Abstract: The economic situation is greatly affected by the pandemic. It causes people to look for ways to keep their money safe even if they can make a profit. One of the answers to that question is various investment products such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and cryptocurrency. Cryptocurrency or commonly called Cryptocurrency is a digital asset used to exchange. Cryptocurrency today has become a very remarkable phenomenon, especially since entering the era of the COVID 19 pandemic. Bitcoin is a digital currency created in 2009 by Satoshi Nakamoto. Cryptocurrency price movements have patterns and are predictable. The effort to make this prediction is called forecasting. Methods research on this paper using ARIMA methods. The forecasting results for the next five periods of the Bitcoin price show a linear line at the price of USD 48065.1.
Blockchain is a trending technology that is gaining popularity for its widespread application in various sectors, including education. Academic certificates are an important measure of an individual’s abilities. They are especially important for higher education and employment. However, advanced technologies have enabled the creation of fake documents. The paper counters this problem by proposing a blockchain-IPFS based solution. The proposed system is an Ethereum blockchain and IPFS based system for storing, retrieving, and authenticating educational documents as well as streamlining the entire process of examination and result generation. The proposed system comprises three main modules: Admission; Examination and Results; Third-Party Module. The authenticity of any document is guaranteed since it is shared within a secured environment. Existing research on similar solutions suffers from poor testing, lack of evaluation, and inefficient storage models. The proposed system overcomes these drawbacks. The proposed system was also evaluated for uploading and fetching latency. The average results show that the system has a mean execution time of 10176 milliseconds for uploading a 1.45MB document and a mean execution time of 110.7 milliseconds for fetching 6 documents each of size 214 kB. Thus, the system is found to be efficient in addition to being safe and secure.
Abstract: Blockchain technology has many applications in terms of record-keeping, transparency, and cryptocurrency as well. Additionally, with one of its characteristics, manipulation or fraud can be eliminated. By decentralizing the data, the data becomes immutable, which means any traditional method of record-keeping that were susceptible to manipulation can be removed now. In this paper, a method to remove scholarship-based manipulation has been proposed. In many universities, there are scholarships based on the student’s family income. To support the poor and deserving in getting an education, these scholarships are a must. However, paper-based income certificates used to justify family income can be easily manipulated. Therefore, with the help of the Ethereum Smart Contract, a framework to store income certificates has been proposed. This method can be used to enter income data from the student’s family’s employer’s backend. Considering a fair and acceptable income for eligibility for the scholarship, the university can decide to go ahead with it without fearing the manipulation of income data. Keywords: Blockchain Technology, Scholarship manipulation, fraud detection, Education, Smart contract.
This research analyzes cryptocurrency fundamentals during the pandemic COVID-19 significantly affected cryptocurrencies during a brief period of financial panic. Technological advances resulted in the shift of traditional currencies towards digitalization. Volume and market cap variables are used as independent variables. The cryptocurrencies in this study are Bitcoin, Ethereum, Binance Coin, Ripple, and Dogecoin, which have the top 10 largest market capitalization. The research data was taken on the CoinMarketcap.com website from the beginning of the pandemic in Indonesia in March 2020 – to February 2021. The results showed that the Market Cap of Bitcoin, Ethereum, Binance Coin, Ripple, and Dogecoin had a significant effect on the price. Furthermore, the volume of Bitcoin, Ethereum, Binance, and Dogecoin has an effect and is significant on the price. In comparison, Ripple Volume has no effect and is not significant to the price. This implies that highly speculatively priced cryptocurrencies have the same fundamental value as stock prices.
Jonathan Christian Setyono, William S. Suryawidjaja, Abba Suganda Girsang
There are currently more than 10.000 cryptocurrencies available to buy from the online market, with a vast range of prices for each coin it sells. The fluctuation of each coin is affected by any social events or by several important companies or people behind it. The aim of this research is to compare three cryptocurrencies, which are Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Binance Coin, using Social Network Analysis (SNA) by visualizing them using Business Intelligence (BI Dashboard). This study uses the SNA parameters of degree, diameter, modularity, centrality, and path length for each network and its actors and their actual market price by crawling(data collecting process) from Twitter as one of the social media platforms. From the research conducted, the popularity of cryptocurrencies is affected by their market price and the activeness of their actors on social media. These results are important because they could help in the decision-making to buy cryptocurrencies with high popularity on social media because they tend to retain their value over time and could benefit from price spikes from influential people. Doi: 10.28991/HIJ-2022-03-02-09 Full Text: PDF
Nur Rizqi Febriandika, Fadli Fadli, Denizar Abdurrahman Mi’raj
In the current digitalization era, many people are motivated to increase economic income in many ways, one of which is using digital technology NFT (Non-Fungible Token). The use of technology contained in NFT has a positive impact on people who have expertise in digital art; this is used to significantly increase economic income. This study discusses the history of NFT, the mechanism of buying and selling NFT, the characteristics of NFT and the view of Islamic law on buying and selling NFT transactions. The purpose of this study is to find out what is meant by NFT, the history of NFT, characteristics of NFT, how the mechanism of NFT sales is, and to find out how Islamic law views NFT buying and selling transactions. This research is a type of qualitative research; the author uses a descriptive-analytical approach which is classified as a qualitative research type by searching through library data or library research. The results of this study found that the history of NFT began in the BC era (Before Cryptokittes) 2012-2016, Cryptokitties and Cyptopunks (2017-2021), and the Decentraland Era (Metaverse) (2021-present). The law of buying and selling NFT is not found in the Koran or Hadith specifically but can be studied based on the pillars and conditions of buying and selling that have been regulated in Islamic law. According to Islamic law, transactions in the sale and purchase of NFT are included in the permissible sale and purchase; the transaction of buying and selling NFT is considered valid as a form of buying and selling in Islam because of the terms and pillars of the sale and purchase have been fulfilled.
In this modern era, sellers will do their best to have people purchase their things. Globalisation era has a strong connection to advanced technologies. It is not only science that gets more advanced, almost every aspect in modern society will grow and develop better and better. Nowadays, peopla do not only use physical currency such as coins and money. People now are being exposed to Bitcoin. It is a new means of transaction that has been widely known for the last 4 years. Digital money such as bitcoin kind of has complicated calculation, thus its nominal gets bigger and bigger each year. This bitcoin phenomenon is not only popular in indonesia. Some other countries even try to ban it. However, there are more countries that make bitcoin legal. In indonesia, bitcoin users are not proected by any laws if some unexpected circumtances happen. The reason why cryptocurrency is not legal yet in Indonesia is because bitcoin cannot be easily taxed. It happens because bitcoin is used without any third party; only between bitcoin beholders. The country and its financial departments cannot intervene. Thus, they cannot tax bitcoin beholders, which commonly hold huge nominals that can reach million hundreds of rupiah.
Cryptocurrency is a digital or virtual currency that created due to technological advances. Its purchase transactions take advantage of technological developments that can be done online without going through a bank intermediary, enhanced with the advantages of Blockchain technology. However, cryptocurrency investments have a high risk on their profit and loss value. It isn’t enough to get there, cryptocurrencies also still don’t get the legality in Indonesia. This discussion aims to get clarity on cryptocurrency investments and transactions, also get answers to cryptocurrency law according to Islamic sharia. Based on qualitative descriptions and review of literature studies. The result of this study is that the Islamic financial system provides a view on cryptocurrency investments and transactions with a clear and sourced law from the Qur'an, As-Sunnah, and the results of the cleric' ijtihad. Based on Islamic sharia, investments and transactions used by cryptocurrencies contain elements of maysir (betting) and gharar (uncertainty) because they risk investment goods with unclear value of assets and their real form. The conclusion of this study is that users of cryptocurrencies are justified haram lighairihi as well as syubhat for those who still have doubts. Keywords : Cryptocurrency, Islamic sharia.
The Library and Information Science (LIS) community has started discussing some possible uses of Blockchain (BC) technologies in solving library-related problems and increasing the overall efficiency of libraries. This study aimed to systematically collect and review the relevant literature to comprehend the scope of BC for libraries, its benefits, as well as the challenges, and implications related to its use. The authors explored six reputed databases (Web of Science, Scopus, LISTA (Library, Information Science and Technology Abstracts), LISA (Library and Information Science Abstracts), IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers), and Google Scholar) to conduct this review. This study was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. After the final data extraction, 21 documents were considered eligible for the systematic review. A systematic review of the selected works indicated that the usage of BC in libraries ranged from record-keeping to processing payments and ensuring security and transparency. Some of the opportunities that can be hunted from BC were the elimination of corruption, enhanced security, improved efficiency of services, and better time management. Literature also indicated that a lack of awareness of technology, unskilled staff, and financial constraints could impede the adoption of BC by libraries. It is hoped that this study would provide a holistic overview of BC technologies for libraries, thus improving the effectiveness of the decision-makers. This study is first that collected (systematically) and reviewed the literature on BC usage in libraries. The review will help educational institutions and library professionals understand the usage, challenges, and benefits of BC for libraries.
With an expanding number of institutions participating in the global education market, verifying the legitimacy of academic achievements such as CVs and certificates has grown more difficult. Blockchain is an enabling technology that has the potential to help solve this issue. This research presents a blockchain-based achievement record system that generates a verified record of accomplishments. Using the unique characteristics afforded by Blockchain technology (public Ethereum Blockchain) and smart contracts, the proposed solution intends to make the process of certificate authentication and validation more reliable, easy, and fast. The system’s design and structure, as well as its components and tools, are described. The system is then evaluated through a series of experiments to determine its usability, effectiveness, performance, and cost. A score of 77.1 was obtained on the System Usability Scale (SUS) test. In addition, an examination of End-User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS) revealed that participants deemed the system to be extremely useful and user-friendly. We show that this method is a major advance over older systems, being both more user-friendly and efficient, through a literature review. We also provide a thorough cost study and outline the benefits and drawbacks of various blockchain systems.
Joseph Ofori-Mensah, Winfred Yaokumah, Ebenezer Agyemang Sakyi
It is more expensive to handle forged certificates rather than take stringent measures to prevent such occurrences. Forged certificates can lead to loss of integrity and credibility in the certificates and loss of public confidence and trust in the certificate awarding institutions. This study proposed a blend of emerging technologies that include Blockchain Smart Contract for authenticating academic certificates using the West African Examinations Council (WAEC) as the case study. The study presents a detailed design of authenticated and trusted academic certification using Blockchain technology. The Ethereum Smart Contract was used to govern, manage, and provide traceability and visibility in a manner that is secured, decentralized, and globally accessible with high integrity and transparency. Findings from the study revealed various processes by which WAEC authenticates the certificates they issued and that Blockchain technology tends to improve its methods of verification.
Muhammad Hamdika, Liharman Saragih, Mahaitin H Sinaga
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis kinerja bitcoin, sahamLQ45 dan emasANTM tahun 2017-2021. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis kuantitatif. Peneliti mencari data harga penutupan bulanan dari bitcoin, saham LQ45, dan emasANTM dari tahun 2017-2021 dan diperoleh sebanyak 180 data. Teknik pengambilan sampel penelitian ini adalah teknik pengambilan sampel jenuh, kemudian peneliti mencari nilai return, risk, dan pengukuran kinerja dengan metode Sharpe, Treynor, dan Jensen. Kemudian, peneliti melakukan uji normalitas dan homogenitas selanjutnya menggunakan uji Kruskall-Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara bitcoin, sahamLQ45, dan emasANTM jika dilihat dari return dengan nilai signifikansi 0,410 > 0,05 dan ukuran kinerja jansen dengan nilai signifikansi 0,446 > 0,05. Kemudian terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara bitcoin, sahamLQ45, dan emasANTM jika dilihat dari risk, ukuran kinerja sharpe dan ukuran kinerja treynor dengan masing-masing nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05.
Blockchain is an emerging Technology that leads to significant changes in business, finance, government, healthcare, real estate industry and will have a huge impact in the upcoming year. It is way through which economy will going to transform. It is chain of blocks that contain information. It is a shared immutable ledger that facilitates the tracking of assets in a business network (assets can be tangible: a house, a cash or intangible like intellectual property, patent, copyright, branding) and it keeps track or process of transactions. Blockchain is system where no one can hack data, make changes or cheat the system. As Blockchain is Decentralized system and distributed Ledger that aims to ensure security, transparency and integrity. Since it can
Abstract: Non-Fungible Token is a digital asset in the form of a certificate of ownership of an artwork, such as photos, videos, songs, or games in virtual form. These digital assets are stored in the Blockchain. NFT is a derivative of cryptocurrency, and the difference is that crypto-assets such as Bitcoin are the same as physical money because they have an exchange rate and can be traded. Meanwhile, NFT does not have the exact exchange rate because of its unique nature. NFT opens new investment opportunities for investors in the country to market their work in the global market. Since the Ghozali everyday phenomenon, many people have started following Ghozali's steps by selling various kinds of NFTs in the form of selfie ID cards, pornographic content, and self-identity that contain elements of ḍarar. The study method in this research is case study qualitative phenomenology. This study aims to identify and analyze the business of buying and selling NFT on the opensea.io marketplace from an Islamic perspective. This study shows that the more people who can see the opportunities and gaps in the NFT business, the more people will be engaged in the NFT buying and selling business. Buy and sell NFT using cryptocurrency as an illegal commodity to trade because crypto-assets contain elements of gharar, ḍarar, and qimār. Even though the form of this NFT exists, when this NFT is transacted using Cryptocurrencies whose form does not exist, it can be said that this buying and selling transaction is invalid. Keywords: Buy and Sell; NFT; Opensea.io; Artwork. Abstrak: NFT atau Non Fungible Token merupakan aset digital berupa sertifikat kepemilikan sebuah karya seni, seperti foto,vidio, lagu, atau game dalam bentuk virtual. Aset digital ini disimpan dalam blockchain. NFT merupakan turunan dari cryptocurrency, bedanya aset kripto seperti bitcoin sama halnya dengan uang fisik karena memiliki nilai tukar dan dapat diperdagangkan. Sedangkan, NFT tidak memiliki kesamaan nilai tukar karena sifatnya yang unik. NFT membuka peluang investasi baru bagi para investor di tanah air untuk memasarkan karyanya di pasar global. Semenjak fenomena Ghozali Everyday yang menjadikan foto selfinya sebagai NFT ramai diperbincangkan dimedia sosial banyak sekali yang mulai mengikuti jejak Ghozali menjual berbagai macam NFT dalam bentuk selfi KTP, konten pornografi, dan identitas diri yang mengandung unsur ḍarar (bahaya). Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini ialah kualitatif studi kasus fenomenologi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui dan menganalisa bisnis jual beli NFT pada market place opensea.io dalam perspektif Islam. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Semakin banyak masyarakat yang bisa melihat kesempatan dan celah dari bisnis NFT maka akan semakin banyak masyarakat yang bergerak dalam bisnis jual beli NFT Namun sangat disayangkan untuk saat ini NFT ditransaksikan menggunakan mata uang Cryptocurrency. Jual beli NFT menggunakan mata uang crypto sebagai komoditi haram untuk diperdagangkan. Sebab aset cyripto mengandung unsur gharar, ḍarar, dan qimār. Sekalipun wujud dari NFT ini ada namun ketika NFT ini ditransaksikan menggunakan Cryptocurency yang wujudnya tidak ada maka bisa dikatakan transaksi jual beli ini tidak sah. Kata Kunci: Jual Beli; NFT; Opensea.io; Karya Seni.
T. N. Shankar, Sasmita Padhy, Sachikanta Dash, M. Bhanu Teja · 5 authors
In blockchains, enormous records can't be put away effectively. From one perspective, the blockchain becomes swollen with information that should be dispersed all through the organization. Nonetheless, because the blockchain is repeated on numerous hubs, a lot of extra room is needed without serving a quick use, especially assuming the hub administrator doesn't have to get to each document saved money on the blockchain. Moreover, on the grounds that more information should be handled, traded, and kept, the expense of running blockchain hubs rises. IPFS is a document-sharing innovation that can be utilized to store and share colossal records all the more viably. It depends on cryptographic hashes, which might be put away effectively on a blockchain. IPFS, then again, doesn't permit clients to impart documents to explicit individuals. In the event that delicate or individual information is to be revealed. In this methodology there are ideas of blockchain, interplanetary document framework and awry key encryption included which are presented underneath.
This study aims to determine the effect of the S&P 500 Stock Index Price and Gold Price movements on Bitcoin Price movements. This research uses quantitative methods and data collection used is secondary data. Secondary data sources are obtained through the website finance.yahoo.com. The data processing technique will be carried out using SPSS 23 program and the method analysis in this study using descriptive and verification analysis consisting of Multiple Linear Regression method. The results of this study show that the stock index price has a positive effect on the movement of the Bitcoin price, while the gold price has a negative effect on the movement of the Bitcoin price.
Safiani A. Faaroek, Aropria Saulina Panjaitan, Zaleha Fauziah, Nanda Septiani
A certificate is a form of award that is obtained by someone after completing a competency test or certain learning. Certificates must be generated and stored in a safe and secure manner to prevent alteration of content or even falsification. Blockchain technology is a technology that allows secure storage processes at low costs. Security is guaranteed because everyone can take part in storing data with a distributed ledger. Based on the results of research and system design, it can be concluded that the process of making blockchain technology as a medium for issuing certificates and their validation can be made using Ethereum's program, namely Geth, and storing data using smart contracts issued on the blockchain network. The results of the reliability testing of the system show that the system has successfully processed 200 transactions in approximately 8 seconds. For scalability testing, it is estimated that 10 million blocks require a storage capacity of 22.6 GB to become a node or miner on this blockchain network.