Blockchain Papers

Davide Candiloro

No abstract is available for this record.

František Drdák

The thesis is focused on the topic of virtual cryptocurrency Bitcoin. The theoretical part is divided into several chapters. First of all, there is a chapter containing basic information about the currency's history, its development to the present, as well as principles of operation of this currency. Because it is a currency based on cryptographic principles next chapter summarizing cryptographic techniques, which is necessary to know for subsequent analysis of this currency. In other parts is elaborated a detailed analysis of the principles of Bitcoin. The main point of this analysis is a system of transactions, decentralized history, then joining the transactions into blocks and in the end creating blockchain. It also explains the principle of P2P networks. The practical part of this work focuses on the analysis and design of payment applications for mobile devices. There used open-source libraries such BitcoinJ. The application is developed in Java programming language with plugin for portable devices, which work under the operating system Android. For the purposes of analysis and design of graphical user interface is used UML diagrams. The specification of the UML diagrams was utilized by freely available graphics software and the result is also included in this work.

Martin Zíma

The bachelor thesis describes the software development process of a fully working system of Bitcoin point-of-sale terminals for retail merchants, enabling them to start accepting this cryptocurrency as a means of payment. Author compares his work with existing solutions and explains the necessary background theory of the underlying technologies and certain peculiarities stemming from them. In the following chapters of the thesis, this foundation is used to actually implement and describe the final working solution, which is targeting the Java language platform, Android operating system and Spring web application framework.

Ylva Larsson, Giacomo Lindgren Zucchini, Eleonor Kristoffersson

I den har artikeln analyseras EU-domstolens dom om mervardesbeskattning av vaxlingstransaktioner med bitcoin. Bitcoin ar en virtuell valuta med dubbelriktat handelsflode, vilket innebar att vilken ...

Vitaly Ford, Ambareen Siraj

No abstract is available for this record.

Marcin Andrychowicz, Stefan Dziembowski

No abstract is available for this record.

Sumit Chakraborty

Abstract: This work presents an adaptive profitable discriminatory pricing mechanism for cloud computing based on secure function decomposition, cryptographic commitments and zero knowledge proof. Cloud computing is an emerging trend of enterprise resource planning where a selling agent or service provider (S) wants to allocate a set of computational resources and related IT services optimally and fairly among many buying agents or service consumers (B) within its capacity constraint. Each service consumer discloses its demand plan for an IT portfolio within its budget constraint and rank of preference. An IT portfolio may include SaaS, PaaS, IaaS, CaaS, DaaS and dSaaS. The basic objective of the service provider is to optimize its expected revenue within target profit margin. It is basically a problem of secure function evaluation where the concept of decomposition of a function is considered. It is a constrained nonlinear optimization problem; the search is governed by a set of intelligent moves. The communication complexity of the pricing mechanism depends on the time constraint of the negotiating agents, their information state and the number of negotiation issues; it also depends on number of negotiation rounds and the complexity of IT portfolio. The computational cost depends on the complexity of function decomposition. The security and privacy of strategic data of the trading agents provides business intelligence to the pricing mechanism. The ultimate objective of the mechanism is to predict a profitable discriminatory pricing plan for each consumer.

Jiří Páral

The main goal of this diploma thesis is to explore the area of virtual currency Bitcoin and assess the use of this currency in today's economy. Thesis first mentions the cryptocurrency market, the technology and other altcoins. It further analyzes the cryptocurrency Bitcoin in detail, its foundation, history and mining. The text also explores the volatility of this currency in the recent years, the question of regulation by states and technological threats to the network. In the final chapter diploma thesis examines the possibilities for individuals to obtain this currency and the use of Bitcoin by enterprises.

M.S. Smitha Rao, T. Kohila Kanagalakshmi, B. Ramya

No abstract is available for this record.

Emmi Rutanen

I denna undersökning har jag undersökt risker och möjligheter som finns i samband med den virtuella valutan Bitcoin. Syftet med undersökningen var att reda ut hurdana risker och möjligheter det finns i samband med Bitcoin samt jämföra Bitcoin med pyramidspel och finansbubblor. Analysen är utfört i två delar, den första med en SWOT analys och den andra genom att utvärdera valutans särdrag med finansbubblor och pyramidspel. Analysen strävar till att besvara de största riskerna samt möjligheterna med valutan och är skrivet på ett reflekterande sätt för att reda ut en så omfattande bild av Bitcoin som möjligt. Syftet med undersökningen var inte att koncentrera sig på den tekniska delen bakom Bitcoin eftersom tekniken som möjliggör att Bitcoin fungerar är relativt komplicerat och svårbegripligt. Materialet har samlats in huvudsakligen från artiklar och olika publikationer på nätet och i tidningar samt olika Bitcoin-nätsidor. I analysen uppkom att det finns flera olika risker i samband med Bitcoin, bland annat säkerhet. Värdet på Bitcoin fluktuerar kraftigt och den höga volatiliteten gör användningen av valutan riskabel. Bitcoin har också använts till olagligheter och Bitcoinplånböcker är sårbara mot hackers och stöld vilket kan leda till att man förlorar Bitcoins. Som fördel jämfört med traditionella betalmedel har Bitcoin dock sin obundenhet av centralbanker och stater; den påverkas inte av politiska svängningar. Transaktioner sker utan mellanhänder snabbt, säkert och utan avgifter. Bitcoins unika teknik innehar också stora möjligheter. Tekniken bakom Bitcoin kan bli utnyttjad i utveckling av befintliga elektroniska betalningssystem.

Kelly Yu

We live in a digital age where almost every aspect of our lives is based on computerized information. In 2009, currency became digital in the form of Bitcoin. The existence of Bitcoin has brought a variety of obstacles to government agencies and regulators. Specifically, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) has been debating the treatment of virtual currencies such as Bitcoin for tax reporting purposes. In March 2014, the IRS issued a notice classifying Bitcoin and other convertible virtual currencies as investment property, similar to stocks and bonds. The notice from the IRS provoked outrage from the Bitcoin community. This project analyzes the current tax rules for investment property as well as the rules for foreign currency to determine whether or not the IRS decision will stand if appealed. Additionally, this project focuses on the mysterious and complex nature of Bitcoin to better understand what Bitcoin is and how the IRS arrived at their position.

A.J. Roggeveen

In dit artikel worden de mogelijke gevolgen belicht van de introductie van nieuwe en bestaande toepassingen van Bitcoin-technologie. De transnationale, decentrale en gedistribueerde peer-to-peer-structuur van de Bitcoin-technologie en van nieuwe toepassingen hiervan, hebben de potentie om bestaande sociale relaties en instituties te ontregelen. Het krachtenveld waarin maatschappelijke actoren staan kan hierdoor uit balans worden gebracht. De meest radicale van deze nieuwe technologieën is Ethereum. Met name het concept van de Digital Autonomous Organisation (DOA) heeft mogelijkerwijs verregaande consequenties. Ethereum is een ‘contract validating and enforcing system’, een gedistribueerd systeem dat een platform biedt voor autonome computerprogramma’s die in staat zijn om zelfstandig overeenkomsten met rechtspersonen en andere DOA’s aan te gaan en te ontbinden. Ik richt mij op de mogelijkheden van deze toepassingen als nieuwe platformen voor International Financial (Cyber) Crime.

Jean‐Loup Richet

No abstract is available for this record.

Lim, Shian, Saw, Mei Chee, Yiap, Jin Cheng

This paper studies the impacts of Bitcoin networks in international trade and suggests the mechanisms through which the effects come into place. In this paper, we examine the networks effects promote trade by mitigating the informal barriers and the issue of whether the efficiency of the Bitcoin payment system would induce its users to trade more internationally. The study related to Bitcoin is still lacking, as data available is not very accessible and adequate, and the nature of price volatility leads people to make presumption that it is just a form of speculation. Gravity model approach is used in our regression. We found Bitcoin networks have significantly positive impacts on international trade. The aggregate effect is then further analyzed in accordance to industries to draw deeper insights. Given the findings, we could learn more about the effects of its community on international trade, as well as how the users are making use of Bitcoin, as a more efficient payment system.

Αγγέλικα-Άστριντ Γ. Βούλγαρη

Διπλωματική εργασία - Πάντειο Πανεπιστήμιο. Τμήμα Διεθνών και Ευρωπαϊκών Σπουδών, ΠΜΣ, κατεύθυνση Διεθνείς Οικονομικές Σχέσεις, 2015

Denis Dupré, Jean-François Ponsot, Jean‐Michel Servet

Le bitcoin est un element emblematique du developpement des crypto-monnaies. Nous montrons qu'il ne peut etre considere comme un commun contrairement a la propagande que sa promotion necessite. Nous nous interrogerons sur le fait qu'il puisse etre considere comme une monnaie avant de souligner que cet instrument financier contribuerait plutot a participer a detruire les communs ou au moins a ne jamais les servir

David Wedar

No abstract is available for this record.

Henri Eklund

Tässä opinnäytetyössä tutkittiin bitcoin virtuaalivaluuttaa, mitä bitcoin on ja kuinka se toimii. Työssä virtuaalivaluuttaa verrataan perinteisiin fiat-valuuttoihin ja pohditaan, millä tavoin bitcoin eroaa tavallisista valuutoista. Työn tutkimuskysymyksiä olivat bitcoinin käytön edut ja haitat, toimivuus maksuvälineenä sekä bitcoinin tulevaisuuden näkymien pohtiminen. Työssä tutkittiin myös, täyttääkö bitcoin rahan määritelmän vai onko se vain hyödyke.
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\nOpinnäytetyön teoriaosuus pohjatuu pääasiassa ajankohtaisiin artikkeleihin ja uutisiin sekä muutamiin bitcoinia käsitteleviin kirjoihin. Aihe rajattiin virtuaalivaluutoista vain bitcoiniin. Työssä ei perehdytä syvemmin bitcoinin teknisiin ominaisuuksiin, koska niihin perehtyminen vaatisi niin lukijalta, kuin kirjoittajalta enemmän tietoteknistä tietämystä.
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\nTutkimuksen tuloksissa todettiin, ettei bitcoin vielä aivan täysin täytä valuutan määritelmiä, eikä siitä nykyisessä muodossaan ole korvaamaan perinteisiä fiat-valuuttoja. Bitcoinin käyttö maksuvälineenä joka tapauksessa yleistyy ja käyttäjäkunta kasvaa. Toisaalta on kuitenkin vielä mahdoton sanoa tuleeko bitcoin kasvamaan merkittäväksi valuutaksi fiat-valuuttojen rinnalle, vai jääkö se pienen yleisön maksuvälineeksi.

George Cornel Dumitrescu

In the context of an increased distrust of the population in the financial system, generated by the recent crisis, †the digital payment instruments†have emerged as a new alternative to the online transactions for a variety of communities interlinked via the Internet. Bitcoin is the first of these "instruments" that came out of the pattern of a single online community, propagating as an accepted means of payment in the transactions between virtual communities worldwide. Its platform enables the expansion of the network by taking new members: individuals, public or private organizations, etc. Analyzing economic literature, the statistical information and the available data provided by the great promoters of this payment system, our paper aims to assess the Bitcoin phenomenon, from monetary standpoint and also from the perspective of a SWOT analysis, identifying the advantages and disadvantages of the system and development prospects in the medium and long run.

Maria Letizia Perugini

Italian Abstract: Il tema di questo articolo richiama volutamente la definizione di analisi sequenziale propria delle scienze statistiche, nel cui ambito si procede formando un campione rappresentativo senza determinarne a priori l’ampiezza o la numerosità, che dipenderanno dai risultati ottenuti col progredire dell’osservazione o dell’esperimento. La ragione di questa scelta dipende dalla natura stessa del tema esaminato: si tratta di una materia nuova, in continua metamorfosi degli effetti, al punto da rendere particolarmente difficoltosa la determinazione astratta del campione di studio. Le ragioni storiche ed economiche che, nel tempo, hanno portato alla programmazione del protocollo Bitcoin conoscono oggi un'interessante fase evolutiva negli algoritmi di criptazione per l'identificazione di dati e il trasferimento di diritti, un sistema che presenta risvolti giuridici degni di nota. English Abstract: The theme of this paper is, on purpose, recalling the definition of sequential analysis typical of Statistics where the analysis goes on forming a representative sample with no predetermination of its magnitude or numerical amount, which will depend on the result gained as the observation or the experiment are going by. The reason for this choice is depending on the very nature of the topic we aim to analyse: a new subject matter, which effect are keeping on changing, thus making quite difficult the sample abstract determination. The historical reasons that, over time, have led to the Bitcoin protocol development are nowadays having an interesting implement in the encrypting algorithm for data identification and goods transferring, a system with remarkable legal effects.

Evan Francis

No abstract is available for this record.

Sevil Guler

Virtual currencies and mobile banking are technology advancements that are receiving increased attention in the global community because of their accessibility, convenience and speed. However, this popularity comes with growing security concerns, like increasing frequency of identity theft, leading to bigger problems which put user anonymity at risk. One possible solution for these problems is using cryptography to enhance security of Bitcoin or other decentralised digital currency systems and to decrease frequency of attacks on either communication channels or system storage. This report outlines various methods and solutions targeting these issues and aims to understand their effectiveness. It also describes Secure Bitcoin Wallet, standard Bitcoin transactions client, enhanced with various security features and services.

Sharan Bathija

No abstract is available for this record.

Lam Pak Nian, David Lee Kuo Chuen

No abstract is available for this record.