Globalization has posed many threats to managing supply chains and logistic networks. Blockchain technology and Internet of Things have outlined budding for answering global Supply Chain Management (SCM) issues. It is a distributed digital ledger platform that renders transparency, traceability, and security. This paper significantly analyzes 140 IT experts of BoT and IoT managers working in supply chain management. Smart PLS is employed, and the proposed model offers improved transparency, efficiency, security, and traceability, enabling faster decision-making, enhanced operational performance, and better collaboration among supply chain participants. As organizations increasingly recognize the benefits of BoT and IoT, we can expect to see widespread adoption and continued innovation in SCM. It is suggested that future study proposals and methods might suggest insights into overcoming supply chain obstacles.
Investigating the effects of using AI and block chain technology inside the area of supply chain management has helped to build the related research work (SCM). The study includes a summary of the function that the relevant technologies play in transforming various SCM elements. Using the relevant technologies that have been described here, the problems in the area of SCM can be resolved. In this study, the advantages of using this technology have already been described in great depth. Blockchain's public ledger technology, which tracks every cargo module's movement, can help logistical businesses operate more effectively. The data may be used by businesses to build fast delivery routes and eliminate pointless procedures. With payment systems, it also lessens clerical mistakes and inefficiencies. Clerical related logistical mistakes can be decreased through decentralised and distributed ledgers. There are no requirements for law firms, brokerages, or other logistical entities when using merchants and cryptographic protocols.
A requirement for any corporation to successfully embrace & execute the Fourth Industrial Revolution is the use of information technology (IT) in the area of human resource management (HRM) platforms (Industry 4.0). These techniques are required to provide an environment that is impartial, effective, transparent & secure. Blockchain a decentralized distributed ledger-based technology can make it easier to implement these requirements successfully. This study aims to determine the current state of application usage of blockchain technology in the area of human resource management. It also identifies potential opportunities related to the application utilization of blockchain technology in the realm of HRM along with awaited adoption challenges that may limit its application. Considering the suggested system to the current recruitment methods, there are clear advantages. So, the administration of human resources has also seen an extensive application of blockchain technology. The appliance potential of blockchain technology within HRM will be examined and analyzed in greater detail in this article.
With recent advances in information and communication technologies, trust and collaboration have become imperative in the construction industry. The increasing exchange of digital information and assets without much regard to contractual requirements has resulted in various data corruption, privacy, and security issues escalating to claims and disputes. Hence, there is a need to institute reforms in the existing contracting system to achieve a more efficient, collaborative, and transparent system. However, little research has investigated the digitalization of the contracting process, which continues to be traditional. This study is one of the first to develop a digital and automated contract management system leveraging blockchain technology and smart contracts. Design science research methodology was adopted for the research work. The proposed system aims to achieve the following: (1) a decentralized permissioned network of stakeholders with well-defined roles and approval workflow, (2) automated contract execution based on predefined conditions using smart contracts, and (3) transaction history integrity with time stamps via a blockchain-based secured data structure. To exemplify these points, a use case is presented for implementing blockchain-based contract management in a construction megaproject. A conceptual model was developed illustrating the decentralized network of the key project stakeholders based in a Hyperledger Fabric blockchain environment. The roles and access controls of the stakeholders within the network are defined using the responsibility assignment [responsible, accountable, consulted, and informed (RACI) matrix]. A computable and automated smart contract clause is formulated for the price variation clause used in construction contracts. A prototype of the proposed system was developed and demonstrated to industry experts for evaluation and validation. Positive feedback from the experts concerning the system characteristics and user-friendliness of the prototype showed that it possesses the potential to improve trust and transparency in the existing system. Whereas the decentralized stakeholder network would add trust and accountability to the system, the underlying blockchain data structure would enhance security and traceability by providing an immutable and real-time record of the transactions. The study provides a workable solution that serves as a valuable reference for future research in the field of contract management across multiple sectors. Although the system is shown to be applicable and feasible in this study, it may not be economically viable. It could be optimized in the future through cost–benefit analysis for different projects.
Mohammed Alkatheeri, Abdulla Juma Alhosani, Mounir El Khatib, Hamad Alteneji
This paper focuses on one of the rapid evolving technologies – Blockchain technology. The blockchain technology is one of the efficient technologies that will help the organizations in managing the various industry challenges related to data management. This research focuses on the use of blockchain technology that works of the principle of decentralization in the PMIS. In this context, a qualitative research has been conducted with the help of interviewers. The findings of the qualitative research indicated that blockchain technology has now become a major need of the project based organizations with the increasing threat of data loss, data tempering and attacks etc. The blockchain technology in PMIS will help in ensuring the integrity and value of the data along with ensuring a systematic communication among the stakeholders involved in the project. The findings also indicate that the blockchain will equally distribute the power among the stakeholder and improving the effectiveness of project in terms of meeting the time, cost and quality objectives. Lastly, the paper recommends that there is a critical need of blockchain experts and personnel who can effectively use this technology not only in PMIS but other areas as well such as the banking and finance. The training and development of the people in the area of implementing and integrating the blockchain technology with the information systems has an important relevance.
Neelesh Kumar Mishra, Alok Raj, Anand Jeyaraj, Riya Gupta
This study examines the organizational adoption of blockchain technology (BCT) by synthesizing empirical findings reported in 37 studies using a meta-analysis of bivariate relationships. An extended technology-organization-environment (TOE) framework is applied to examine the antecedents and outcomes of BCT adoption. Our results show that various technological, organizational, and environmental factors influence BCT adoption, including technology compatibility, perceived ease of use, top management support, and coercive pressure. Overall, technological factors had a stronger impact than organizational and environmental factors concerning BCT adoption. Further, our analysis identifies the outcomes of BCT adoption, including improvements in operational performance, innovation capability, and sustainability. BCT adoption has the strongest impact on operational performance. Our study contributes to the existing literature by offering a comprehensive and synthesized overview of the antecedents and outcomes of BCT adoption.
Digital banking and the transformation of banking system due to new technologies like Blockchain and Big data is the revolutionary advancement in Banking industry all over the world. Blockchain is the new buzz word which is expected to revolutionize the banking industry in India as well. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the application of Blockchain technology for improving and enhancing customer experience in banking industry in India. Secondary data has been used for this study. This study highlights the role of new technology especially Blockchain in redefining the Indian banking industry scenario. This study analyzes how Blockchain technology is going to change banking landscape for good.
Chandramohan Dhasarathan, Mohammad Kamrul Hasan, Shayla Islam, Salwani Abdullah · 8 authors
Abstract This research focuses on addressing the privacy issues in healthcare advancement monitoring with the rapid establishment of the decentralised communication system in the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). An integrated blockchain homomorphic encryption standard with an in‐build supervised learning‐based smart contract is designed to improvise personal data prevention. The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) has advanced in healthcare with the rapid establishment of decentralised communication systems. Distributed ledgers have resource constraints to leverage public, private, and hybrid blockchain transactions to facilitate heterogeneous operations. The authors propose a supervised learning strategy in healthcare to mitigate learning health‐related issues, improvise clinical monitoring, and ensure secure communication. The proposed approach handles the vast IoMT data by adopting blockchain for IoMT as (BIoMT) to preserve sensitive clinical information. It incorporates hybrid encryption techniques to improve patient and health records' privacy protection. BIoMT also maintains secured and sustainable supply chain management with a highly confidential decentralised framework using blockchain‐based smart contracts, which minimises data loss. Moreover, a framework is designed with a hybrid hashing that integrates a homomorphically encrypted algorithm to support a smart contract for decentralised applicability. The BIoMT approach is tested and compared with the relevant prevention mechanisms. The evaluation shows that the effects observed from the result analysis noted that the proposed method outperforms reliable prevention mechanisms compared to the existing approaches.
In the era of cloud networking, database protection is a problem that is becoming more and more crucial, and blockchain technology is emerging as a potent remedy. Blockchain is a digital ledger technology that uses an immutable, distributed, and decentralized record of transactions to build a secure, transparent, and auditable data protection system. The integrity of data saved in the cloud is further ensured by using blockchain technology. By using cryptographic hashes, data stored on the blockchain can be verified for accuracy and authenticity. This means that any changes or modifications to the data will be detected and addressed. Furthermore, blockchain technology provides a permanent and immutable record of transactions, making it difficult for data to be tampered with or corrupted. In addition to its security benefits, blockchain technology also offers scalability, efficiency, and cost savings. Blockchain-based databases are much more efficient than traditional databases, as they require fewer resources and are able to process a larger volume of transactions. Furthermore, since blockchain technology is decentralized, it can work across multiple devices and networks, allowing for a more efficient and cost-effective solution.
Behaving responsibly is a priority for all businesses including, of course, the banking sector. The United Nations Principles for Responsible Banking (PRB), launched in 2019, pursue six internal and external objectives. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the PRB and to investigate how an innovation such as the blockchain could contribute to achieving the UN objectives. Our research uses a qualitative method, based on the Knowledge Café as a data collection tool, enabling us to draw on the experience of ten experts in the banking and/or blockchain domains. Our data analysis identifies a series of nine key concepts that cut across the six PRB. The main findings of our study shed light on the importance of transparency, trust, and the involvement of all stakeholders in the implementation of blockchain solutions within banks. However, there are some barriers to implementation, such as the energy consumption of blockchain, misunderstanding and a need for education on this disruptive technology, and the quality of data. We conclude by presenting the theoretical and managerial implications of our study, including their impact on the funding of SMEs. JEL Codes: G21, M48, N20, O33
Simon Wong, John Yeung, Yui‐yip Lau, Tomoya Kawasaki
In the last six years, there has been a rise in research interest with regard to the applications of blockchain technology in supply chains and how these applications bring benefits to supply chain management. In a broader sense, an essential research focus that has been discussed in the literature is the way in which this emerging blockchain technology in supply chains brings sustainable benefits to a community. The rationale for incorporating cloud technology into a blockchain and integrating the blockchain with machine learning for supply chain applications is to maintain technical sustainability. While previous studies suggested and reported sustainable practices of applying blockchain technology in supply chains, the means with which these practices are brought about by the cloud-based blockchain integrated with machine learning (CBML) have not been thoroughly explored in the literature. The case study presented in this paper aims to fill this gap by exploring technically, environmentally, economically, and socially sustainable practices through the use cases of CBML for supply chain management by the international leading container shipping company Maersk. The use cases by Maersk presented in published documents were collected from the Internet and then analyzed. This document analysis was performed in two ways. The first way was a technical review of the blockchain technology used by Maersk with a consideration of technical sustainability to ensure scalability and big data analytics. The other way was to analyze the applications of the CBML by Maersk to indicate how environmental sustainability, economic sustainability, and social sustainability can be achieved. On the other hand, this paper also highlights the negative technical, environmental, economic, and social sustainability impacts caused by Maersk and discusses implications for future research directions.
Loyalty platforms are designed to increase customer loyalty and thus increase consumers’ attraction to purchase. Although successful in increasing brand reach and sales, these platforms fail to meet their primary objective due to a lack of incentives and encouragement for customers to return. Along with the problem in originating sales, they bring excessive costs to brands due to the maintenance and infrastructure required to make the systems feasible. In that sense, recent blockchain technology can help to overcome some of these problems, providing capabilities such as smart contracts, which have the potential to reinvent the way loyalty systems work and solve current problems. Although blockchain is a relatively new technology, some brands are already investigating its usefulness and rebuilding their loyalty systems. However, these platforms are independent and linked directly to a brand. Thus, there is a need for a generic platform capable of creating and managing different loyalty programs, regardless of the size of the business. This paper explores the shortcomings of current loyalty programs identified through the literature review, and proposes a loyalty management system with blockchain integration that allows any retailer to create and manage their loyalty programs and have customers interact directly with multiple programs in a single application.
Manal Mansour, May Salama, Hala Helmi, Mona F. M. Mursi
Blockchain technology is referred to as a very secure decentralized, distributed ledger that records the history of any digital asset. It is being used in numerous governmental and private sector organizations across numerous nations. Surveying the current state of blockchain applications and difficulties in e-government services is the goal of this review. Held to the account are use cases for current facilities that use blockchain. Finally, it examines the research gap in blockchain deployment and makes suggestions for future work for additional research.
The Internet of Things (IoT) technology has grown rapidly and continuously. The IoT ecosystem comprises an increasing number of smart devices that can sense, act, process, store, and communicate via the Internet. Data within such communication technology is continuously exposed to be hacked or attacked. Therefore, there should be methods to protect the issue of data authentication and increase the security of such large-scale networks. In this article, a method of using a Blockchain network is proposed. The proposed system uses the Ethereum blockchain and benefits from several critical technologies, including distributed consensus, smart contracts, digital signatures, and cryptographic hashes. The whitelist and blacklist are the two lists that are suggested. The approved users who have obtained their private keys are included on the whitelist. The blacklist, on the other hand, is intended to stop illegal users who are flagged as spammers or attacks. According to findings, the Blockchain can drastically save expenses and boost the security of IoT networks
Abstract Purpose: The main aim of this study is to explore the emergence and significance of blockchain technology in the financial system. This analysis examines the early stages of the adoption of blockchain technology. Need of the study: To ascertain the viability of blockchain systems as a viable, fair, and traceable way of storing transaction records in Indian banking and financial services organisations. Methodology: By virtue, this study is exploratory, following access to related studies on the implementation and applications of blockchain technology in the financial sector. Findings: This study explores blockchain technology, its adoption, types, usefulness, benefits, challenges, and security concern in the banking sector. Implications: This study will contribute to future research on applications of blockchain technology in the financial sector. It will help the researcher understand this technology’s importance and complications in the financial system.
Abstract Introduction: Blockchain technology is the method of storing the data systematically, such that it is impossible to change, defraud or hack the data. Distributed Ledger Technology is another name for this technology. It is like a digital ledger of numerous transactions stored or distributed throughout the Blockchain extensive network by a computer system. Banks offer critical services like payments, clearance and settlement systems, trade finance, securities, etc. Hence, there are fraud and mistakes in these key services due to many manual procedures and human mediators. Purpose: The main purpose of this chapter is to study the emerging role of Blockchain in banking services. This chapter will attempt to examine the significance and applications of Blockchain in banking operations. This chapter will also investigate the challenges encountered by banks in adopting Blockchain technology. Research Methodology: In this research chapter, secondary data are collected by studying the various journal papers and scholarly articles, with exact keywords like: blockchain, banking sector, applications and blockchain role. Data are collected from the Emerald, Springer Open, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases. Findings: This technology will enhance transparency in banking transactions in the coming future. The adoption of Blockchain will transform the banking system in many ways, such as faster payment and settlement systems, security management and fundraising.
INTRODUCTION: Blockchain technology is a distributed ledger, decentralized, and cryptographically secure technology which has garnered considerable interest in different sectors including healthcare. It can enable better trust, security, management, and transparency of healthcare data, processes, and transactions resulting improving quality of care. Despite the fact of the increasing number of research investigating the applications/potentials of blockchain in healthcare, there is a scarcity of comprehensive reviews that focuses on the factors that influence its adoption in the healthcare industry. OBJECTIVES: This review aims to summarise existing studies regarding the adoption of blockchain technology in the healthcare industry. This review presents a detailed review of existing empirical studies investigating the factors influencing blockchain adoption in healthcare by highlighting the research methodologies, targeted stakeholders, adoption theories/models used, and the influential factors explored in each of these studies. Careful syntheses of these studies would enable researchers and partitioners to acquire a wide knowledge and understand various opportunities and challenges of blockchain implementation in healthcare. METHODS: Inspired on “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)” guidelines, the study's scope and research questions are established, Scopus database is selected as an information resource, search strategy, and inclusion and exclusion criteria for document selection is developed. This review was conducted in August 2022. From 223 articles found in the search, 12 met the eligibility criteria and were selected to be extensively analyzed in this review. RESULTS: This review reveals that very few empirical studies exist that sought to explore the significant factors influencing blockchain adoption in healthcare. The qualitative method was the most method employed, healthcare providers were the most targeted stakeholders, and most of the studies were not based on adoption theories/models. Privacy, government regulation, and trust were the most influential factors investigated in the studies. CONCLUSION: The utilization of blockchain can help handle many issues in healthcare systems and bring improved healthcare delivery. Little attention has been paid to highlight internal and external factors that would impact successful blockchain adoption in healthcare. Additionally, the evaluated research placed little attention on understanding how underlying factors interact, social structures and institutional mechanisms affect the adoption of blockchain in healthcare. The reasons why healthcare organizations are hesitant to implement blockchain are still not clear. There is a need to conduct more research to examine the factors influencing the decision of healthcare stakeholders to adopt blockchain by using adoption theories/models. The proposed framework of the factors in this study may contribute as a starting point for future blockchain adoption studies in the healthcare industry.
Primary healthcare (PHC) has become a concern in most resource constraint economies particularly in the global south where meeting this important economic need has become a burden. Given this, blockchain technology (BT), a promising transformation in contemporary service delivery, has become an alternative for service-oriented institutions to meet their desired goals. In primary healthcare, BT has been utilised to lessen the burden on medical supply chain and data management. Nonetheless, the technology seems to be a preserve of the developed economies. In the global south, not only has the complexities of the technology hindered the implementation of the technology but the understanding of its affordances has also been nascent. This study extends Task-technology fit model with the perceived e-readiness model. Drawing on the best-worst method, this paper investigates PHC managers’ decision to embrace BT for PHC delivery in Ghana. The study finds that, in order of relevance, task-technology, infrastructure and individual characteristics are the main drivers of BT adoption and implementation. The study proposes the implementation of various strategies relevant to ensuring a sustainable BT for the management of PHC in resource constraint economies.
Global drug handling and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic add to the current complexity in healthcare operation, potentially hindering the visibility and integrity of supply chain information. Blockchain’s potential to enhance information veracity has increasingly captured the attention of practitioners and academics. This research aims to understand how blockchain helps the healthcare supply chain maintain trustworthiness of cross-enterprise information amid uncertainty conditions. A systematic literature review was performed on eight prominent databases with blockchain and healthcare supply chain served as central topics. Following the quality assessment, open, axial, and selective coding were conducted to identify blockchain potentials. Next, blockchain capabilities were then mapped to the characteristics efficient supply chain. A total of 43 articles were extracted and identified. Findings indicate 10 characteristics of an efficient supply chain, such as flexibility in managing supply chain, minimum error, and transparency. The coding process also unfolds 14 applicable properties of blockchain in the healthcare supply chain, such as data availability, decentralisation, and data sharing.