Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to assess if blockchain technology, which is hailed for its potential to improve supply chain transparency and efficiency, can deliver to this promise (Abreu et al., 2021; Mahyuni et al., 2020; Manzoor et al., 2022; Rennie, 2022; Yiannas, 2018). Supply chains are increasingly complex and full transparency is difficult to achieve and may sometimes be undesired, yet governments worldwide are demanding more transparency especially with respect to the social and environmental sustainability of supply chains (Francisco & Swanson, 2018; Franke, 2021; Najjar, 2021). If blockchain technology allows to close this gap, without compromising corporate confidentiality and efficiency requirements, it might change supply chain management drastically. Most other research in this field remains rather superficial with respect to the fundamentals of blockchain technology and supply chain management. Our study will add to the very limited theoretically founded research on blockchain potentials in supply chains.Study Design: Our paper is conceptual. Based on the extant literature, we compare blockchain technology and its advantages to the characteristics of supply chains and challenges of supply chain management to identify a theoretical fit. We investigate if published case studies of blockchain technology in supply chain management support this. Finally, we devise a conceptual framework for the application of blockchain technology in supply chain management.Findings: There is, currently, very limited use for blockchain technology in supply chain management. It does not provide an answer to several of the challenges that exist in supply chain management. Blockchain technology was primarily devised as encryption technology for virtual entities and transactions involving them and not for tangible objects. Published case studies describing the use of blockchain technology in supply chain management do not contradict these findings.They rely on private blockchain solutions lacking the key benefits of blockchain technology. Our conceptual framework constitutes a reference for a future public blockchain solution for supply chains. It offers solutions for some of the challenges but also cannot solve some fundamental challenges, like power imbalances in supply chains.Limitations: Blockchain technology undergoes rapid development. Future blockchain technology may be faster, less energy-intensive and more integrated with other technologies. This may be aided by developments in hardware, like quantum computing. The findings of this paper are limited to currently available technology.Implications: Companies and governments alike should be very cautious when considering investing in currently available blockchain solutions for supply chain management.
Sarthak Dhingra, Rakesh D. Raut, Angappa Gunasekaran, B. Koteswara Rao Naik · 5 authors
Purpose This paper aims to discover and analyze the challenges hampering blockchain technologyâs (BTâs) implementation in the Indian health-care sector. A total of 18 challenges have been prioritized and modeled based on an extensive literature search and professional views. Design/methodology/approach An integrated multi-criteria decision-making approach has been used in two phases. Best worst method (BWM) is used in the first phase to prioritize the challenges with sensitivity analysis to validate the findings and eliminate a few challenges. In the second phase, interpretive structural modeling is applied to the remaining 15 challenges to obtain relative relationships among them with cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification analysis for their categorization. Findings The studyâs results reveal that limited knowledge and expertise, cost and risk involved, technical issues, lack of clear regulations, resistance to change and lack of top management support are the top-ranked or high-intensity challenges according to the BWM. Interpretive structural modelling findings suggest that the lack of government initiatives has been driving other challenges with the highest driving power. Research limitations/implications This work has been conducted in the Indian context, so careful generalization of the results is needed. Practical implications This work will give health-care stakeholders a better perspective regarding blockchainâs adoption. It will help health-care stakeholders, service providers, researchers and policymakers get a glimpse of the strategies for eradicating mentioned challenges. The analysis will help reduce the challengesâ impact on blockchainâs adoption in the Indian health-care sector. Originality/value The adoption of BT is a novel concept, especially in developing countries such as India. This is one of the few works addressing the challenges to BT adoption in the Indian health-care sector.
Vivien Oluchi Emmanuel, Maryjane Efemini, Dauda Oseni Yahaya, Bolaji David Oladokun
The fourth industrial revolution has paved the way for emerging technologies, and among them, blockchain stands out for its unprecedented ability to create and trade value in library organizations. This research paper explores the potential application of blockchain technologies in 21st-century library services. By conducting a systematic analysis of the literature, this study examines how libraries can harness blockchain to support innovative services and meet global demands. The study suggests that the recent advancements in blockchain have led to a fourth generation of the technology, which possesses disruptive capabilities across diverse fields, including library and information science. The paper proposes that blockchain can enhance library services such as collection development, circulation services, research, data management, and storage. It is important to note that this paper represents the original ideas of the authors and does not rely on copyrighted materials. Furthermore, it highlights that blockchain remains a vast and underexplored area of research, presenting both challenges and opportunities for library professionals seeking to provide diverse library services
Atul Kumar Singh, V. R. Prasath Kumar, Muhammad Irfan, Saeed Reza Mohandes · 5 authors
Blockchain technology has emerged as a promising solution to enhance supply chain transparency and sustainability in the construction industry. However, the widespread adoption of blockchain faces several barriers that need to be identified and understood. The construction industry faces significant challenges regarding supply chain transparency and sustainability. Current practices lack visibility, leading to difficulties in tracing material origins, tracking movement, and ensuring compliance. To fill this gap, this study employed a three-phase approach. In the first phase, a comprehensive literature review identified 37 potential barriers. Subsequently, expert discussions were held to refine the list, ultimately selecting 15 barriers of utmost importance. In the second phase, data were collected from 17 experts representing academia and industry. Finally, in the last phase, the collected data were analyzed using the Pythagorean fuzzy analytical hierarchical process (AHP) methodology. The findings revealed that the âtransparency rangeâ category was the most critical barrier, closely followed by âinadequate access to institutional financeâ. Surprisingly, the study identified the âsecurity environmentâ as the most significant barrier. These results offer construction companies, policymakers, and other industry stakeholders a comprehensive understanding of blockchain adoptionâs challenges. With this knowledge, stakeholders can design effective strategies and policies to address these barriers. Moreover, the research highlights the importance of considering uncertainty in decision making when assessing technology adoption, making the findings applicable beyond the construction industry.
With the increasing growth rate of smart home devices and their interconnectivity via the Internet of Things (IoT), security threats to the communication network have become a concern. This paper proposes a learning engine for a smart home communication network that utilizes blockchain-based secure communication and a cloud-based data evaluation layer to segregate and rank data on the basis of three broad categories of Transactions (T), namely Smart T, Mod T, and Avoid T. The learning engine utilizes a neural network for the training and classification of the categories that helps the blockchain layer with improvisation in the decision-making process. The contributions of this paper include the application of a secure blockchain layer for user authentication and the generation of a ledger for the communication network; the utilization of the cloud-based data evaluation layer; the enhancement of an SI-based algorithm for training; and the utilization of a neural engine for the precise training and classification of categories. The proposed algorithm outperformed the Fused Real-Time Sequential Deep Extreme Learning Machine (RTS-DELM) system, the data fusion technique, and artificial intelligence Internet of Things technology in providing electronic information engineering and analyzing optimization schemes in terms of the computation complexity, false authentication rate, and qualitative parameters with a lower average computation complexity; in addition, it ensures a secure, efficient smart home communication network to enhance the lifestyle of human beings.
In the global financial environment, cryptocurrencies have become a disruptive force that offers possibilities as well as problems for firms in numerous industries. The incorporation of cryptocurrencies into small businessesâ operations has gained more attention in recent years as a way to boost their profitability. This study paper intends to provide a thorough examination of the effects of cryptocurrencies on the profitability of small businesses, illuminating the numerous aspects and ramifications of cryptocurrency adoption, but also emphasizing its consequences for the financial performance of small firms, with the aim to fill the knowledge vacuum, as well as to provide insights into the potential and constraints connected with cryptocurrencies in the small company environment by examining revenue generation, cost management, financial transactions, and market growth. For a number of reasons, it is essential to comprehend how cryptocurrencies affect the profitability of small businesses, and in order to accomplish the goals of this study, a thorough analysis of the body of literature will be done, looking at empirical research, case studies, and theoretical frameworks pertaining to the effect of cryptocurrencies on small company profitability. This research study seeks to provide a comprehensive grasp of the topic by combining the existing information. In order to learn more about small company ownersâ experiences, difficulties, and possibilities related to bitcoin adoption, as the main cryptocurrency so far, primary data were gathered via surveys or interviews among them. The study adds to the body of information already available and provide useful advice, as well as shared practical experience for academics, policymakers, and small company owners who are interested in learning about the effects of bitcoin integration on small business profitability.
Noorfaiz Purhanudin, Noor Azizah Shaari, Norhayati Md Isa, Zuriawati Zakaria
Blockchain is a revolutionary technology that offers a new kind of inventive service. It can handle a variety of sophisticated issues associated with the secrecy, integrity, and availability of fast and secure distributed systems. This concept paper begins by addressing the shift in people's attitudes towards the insurance industry, particularly in Malaysia, and then goes on to understand how the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), Task Technology Fit (TTF), and Initial Trust Model (ITM), influence behavioural intentions in using blockchain smart contracts. A digital insurance platform must be redefined after the increase in online insurance sales transactions prompted by COVID-19 to satisfy the market's expectations. Whereas traditional paper contracts rely on middlemen for execution, blockchain smart contracts are now based on blockchains, which include an immutable record of data and the ability to remove single points of failure. Despite the growing popularity of blockchain research in recent years, research on blockchain smart contract adoption behaviour at the individual level concerning insurance services remains limited. Hence, this study utilises the three models to characterise how performance expectancy, technological context, and initial trust interact to forecast behavioural intention. Furthermore, we stressed the need for additional research to demonstrate the intention to employ blockchain smart contracts is impacted by performance anticipation, technical environment, and personal initial trust. Based on the review, we will design realistic research that will incorporate prospects for theoretical progress as well as empirical discoveries in blockchain smart contract studies. The findings are intended to assist policymakers in developing suitable and improved strategies for capturing interest in blockchain smart contract insurance services in the Malaysian market. We also believe that the evolution of blockchain technology in tandem with smart contracts will enable the creation of new sorts of innovative services, such as insurance.
Abstract This study aimed at analyzing the effect of blockchain technology in innovating accountantsâ skills as a multimethodology study in the industrial companies listed on the Amman Stock Exchange. For achieving this goal, the researchers adopted the multimethodology approach using mixed methods between quantitative and qualitative research methodologies by conducting interviews with accountants, auditors, and financial managers forming a study sample of 50 individuals. Results show that the highest remarkable indication concerning the phenomenon of analyzing the effect of Blockchain technology in innovating accountantsâ skills is ( Increasing performance efficiency ) as an emerging theme. Then followed by ( Blockchain technology w ill work on innovating accountantsâ skills ) as the second emerging theme. And then followed by ( Enhancing accountantsâ skills ) as the third emerging theme. And these results reflect the convictions and expectations of the study sample of accountants, auditors, and financial managers that the impact of implementing blockchain technology will innovate accountantsâ skills.
Ahsan Waqar, Abdul Hannan Qureshi, Idris Othman, Noha Saad · 5 authors
Blockchain technology provides a decentralized way of handling the data and supports the construction project's sustainability and performance. Small construction projects in Malaysia always need help adopting new technology like blockchain. This research aimed to investigate the challenges affecting the implementation of blockchain technology in small construction projects in Malaysia. The study examined Malaysian minor construction project blockchain implementation issues. A total of 17 challenges were found significant in affecting the implementation of Blockchain technology in small construction projects in Malaysia. Five constructs were seen: technological barriers, work environment barriers, economic and planning barriers, operational barriers, and privacy and regulation barriers. Structural equation modeling and these structures create a blockchain implementation model for modest building projects. The model's validity, dependability, and forecast accuracy for all obstacles and their potential influence on blockchain deployment in small construction projects in Malaysia are substantial. The model also has good convergent and discriminant validity, supporting it. Blockchain use in Malaysian small building projects could be improved mainly through economic and planning issues. The present study needs to highlight the Malaysian small construction sector's essential obstacles in integrating blocks and technology that are the basis for more creative technologies. This research will help the Malaysian construction sector concentrate on improvements and assess the effect of blockchain on modest projects.
C Vinola, Rahul Golabhavi, P. Surendra Reddy, Pavan Kumar
In today's digital era, cybersecurity is a matter of utmost importance as both organizations and individuals confront growing risks from unauthorized access attempts aimed at sensitive data and systems. Blockchain technology, initially developed as the foundation for cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, has emerged as a promising solution to enhance cybersecurity. Operating as a distributed ledger that records transactions across multiple computers, blockchain brings forth several essential characteristics that can contribute to bolstering cybersecurity. While blockchain technology offers numerous advantages in terms of cybersecurity, it also introduces its own set of challenges and considerations, including scalability, privacy, and the potential vulnerabilities of smart contracts. The implementation of cybersecurity solutions based on blockchain necessitates meticulous design, robust key management, and a comprehensive understanding of the specific use case and associated risks. Overall, the incorporation of blockchain technology in cybersecurity holds the potential to elevate transparency, integrity, and resilience, empowering organizations and individuals to mitigate the risks posed by cyber threats and improve their overall security stance. This paper, which involves the analysis of 15 researchers, explores various use cases for applying blockchain in the field of cybersecurity. A significant focus among the researchers centers on leveraging blockchain to safeguard IoT devices, networks, and data. Furthermore, the paper delves into how blockchain can offer security measures for three problematic areas within IT that have been identified by previous studies.
The blockchain system has emerged as an innovative approach in a variety of areas, including. finance, supply chain, healthcare, education, and energy consumption. Although its extensive application, yet, there is a scarcity of in-depth studies to provide a thorough knowledge of blockchain technological advancement in various domains. As a result, the purpose of this comprehensive survey of literature is to examine the content analysis of 41 pertinent research articles and company surveys released from 2008 and 2023 were taken in order to evaluate the current state of blockchain technology's applications in the banking and financial services industry. The analysis examines the blockchain system's aspects, applications in financing, competitive edge, present state, and problems. Because of various limitations, the investigation suggests that the adoption of a blockchain-based financial management systems continues to be in its early stages. In summary, this study sheds light on the possible features of blockchain research in the financial sector and emphasizes the need for. further research to explore the potential of blockchain in the finance industry. The investigation is able to identify three key domains that need more investigation in order to establish blockchain systems as a disruptive system which will revolutionize the banking and finance industries. In conclusion, this investigation throws a spotlight on the prospective aspects of blockchain technology investigation in the banking and financial services industry.
Emon Kalyan Chowdhury, Iffat Ishrat Khan, Bablu Kumar Dhar
Abstract This study applies the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model to explore the factors that potential users may prioritize when intending to use blockchain technology in accounting. Primary data was collected through a structured questionnaire from 217 respondents. Both factor analysis and regression models were applied to achieve the study's purposes. The findings indicate that respondents consider privacy, usefulness, cost, and facilitation issues when intending to use blockchain technology in accounting to enhance data reliability and reduce the workload of auditors. Bangladesh, a developing country, has immense opportunities to ensure a transparent society by applying blockchain technology in accounting, with cooperation from stakeholders such as firms, the government, regulatory authorities, and users of accounting information. It is expected that the findings of this study will help the concerned authorities to formulate appropriate strategies for the implementation of blockchain technology in the field of accounting in Bangladesh.
Mustafa Kara, Buse Karaman, Elif RĂŒveyha Ăzmen, Muhammed Ali Aydın
This study aims to enhance the traceability, data integrity, and transparency of an aircraft's maintenance records while ensuring the records' privacy using blockchain technologies. In this study, a blockchain-based and decentralized model has been developed that enables the digital distribution of maintenance record reports for air platforms, which can be shared peer-to-peer while ensuring report integrity and content confidentiality upon request. An Ethereum blockchain network with a PoS consensus algorithm is preferred for the application of this study. The proposed secure maintenance record storage system for creating a blockchain network is implemented using Ganache and Truffle. This decentralized model provides a reliable file-sharing process that enhances information visibility and reliability among maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) service providers and other stakeholders.
Blockchain is a promising technology that is quickly gaining traction in the realm of security that is regulated by both governmental and commercial organizations. Donors are unable to know whether their donations are being used effectively due to a complete lack of transparency in donation-related transactions, which has prompted many to stop believing in charities. The immutability, traceability, and reliability properties of blockchain technology make it a viable solution for enhancing efficiency and transparency for charity. This research work is based on the Ethereum Blockchain, the decentralized donation tracking system that will permit transparent accountability, openness, and direct communication with the intended targets. The blockchain network would be made up of well-known, reliable, and esteemed companies.
Mohd Helmi Ali, Leanne Chung, Kim Hua Tan, Zafir Mohd Makhbul · 6 authors
Blockchain infrastructuresâ promising benefits and tremendous growth revolutionised supply chain; especially for the highly concerned industry with integrity issues such as halal food. Drawing on the technology, organisation, environment framework and diffusion of innovation theory, this study investigates the factors that affect halal food SMEs (HFSMEs). The questionnaires covering 500 halal-certified SMEs were conducted in Malaysia. The results showed that the theory of diffusion of innovation (DOI) and technological-organisational-environmental (TOE) model was tested with 175 respondents, showing top management support, trialability, external support, and competitive pressure are the critical factors influencing HFSMEsâ intention to adopt BT. In contrast, relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, uncertainty and security, observability, organisational readiness, and government regulations show no eïŹect on intention. In addition, supply chain integration (SCI) is a moderating factor in diffusing BT.
Mounir El Khatib, Haitham M. Alzoubi, Samer Hamidi, Muhammad Turki Alshurideh · 6 authors
Background: This paper explores the use of blockchain technology and smart contracts in the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT). It aims to identify the challenges and benefits of implementing smart contracts based on blockchain technology in the IoMT. It provides solutions and evaluates the IoMT uses in e-healthcare performance. Methods: A quantitative approach used an online survey from public and private hospital administrative departments in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE). ANOVA, t -test, correlation, and regression analysis were performed to assess the e-healthcare performance with and without IoMT (smart contract based on blockchain). Patients and Methods: A mixed method was used in this research, a quantitative approach for data analysis utilizing online surveys from public and private hospitalsâ administrative departments in Dubai, UAE. A correlation, regression through ANOVA, and independent two-sample t -test were performed to assess the e-healthcare performance with and without IoMT (smart contract based on blockchain). Results: Blockchain application in smart contracts has proven to be significant in the healthcare sector. Results highlight the importance of integrating smart contracts and blockchain technology in the IoMT infrastructure to improve efficiency, transparency, and security. The study provides empirical evidence to support the implementation of smart contracts in the e-healthcare sector and suggests improved e-healthcare performance through this transition. Conclusion: The emergence of e-healthcare systems with upgraded smart contracts and blockchain technology brings continuous health monitoring, time-effective operations, and cost-effectiveness to the healthcare sector. Keywords: internet of medical things, IoMT, e-healthcare, smart contracts, blockchain
Purpose The potential growth in cryptocurrencies has raised serious ethical and religious issues leading to a new investment rethinking. This paper aims to identify the influence of religiosity on cryptocurrency acceptance through an extended technology acceptance model (TAM) model. Design/methodology/approach In the first phase, this research develops a conceptual model that extends the theory of the TAM by integrating the religiosity component. In the second phase, the proposed model is tested using search volume queries in daily frequencies from 01/01/2018 to 31/12/2022 and structural equation modeling (SEM). Findings The empirical results demonstrate a significant positive effect of religiosity on the intention to use cryptocurrency, the users' perceived usefulness (PU) and ease of use (PEOU). Besides, the authors note that PEOU positively influences the intention. Furthermore, religiosity indirectly affects the intention through the PEOU and positively impacts the intention through the PU. In the same way, PEOU has a considerable indirect effect on the intention through PU. Practical implications This study has practical and theoretical contributions by providing insights into the cryptocurrency acceptance factors. In other words, it contributes to the literature by extending TAM models. Practically, it helps managers determine factors affecting the intention to use cryptocurrencies. Therefore, they can adjust their industry according to the suitable characteristics for creating successful projects. Social implications Identifying the effect of religiosity on cryptocurrency users' choices and decisions has a social added value as it provides an understanding of the evolution of psychological variants. Originality/value The findings emphasize the importance of integrating big data to analyze users' attitudes. Besides, most studies on cryptocurrency acceptance are investigated based on one kind of religion, such as Christianity or Islam. Nevertheless, this paper integrates the effect of five types of faith on the users' intentions.
Following the COVID epidemic, the healthcare sector faced numerous issues as telehealth became more prevalent and the necessity for a safe and efficient healthcare record system became critical. Many issues plague the healthcare industry today, including security, trust, data availability, and drug traceability. Blockchain technology is a relatively new technology that has demonstrated its effectiveness in a variety of industries, including finance, banking, bitcoin, and healthcare. This research investigates the impact of blockchain on the trustworthiness of healthcare. The authors adopt a descriptive-analytical methodology. The trustworthiness of the healthcare sector is considered a dependent variable. However, blockchain technology is considered an independent variable. Three dimensions of dependent variables were explored: integrity, confidence, and reliability. For studying this impact, a questionnaire of 25 items was created and distributed to the stakeholders in the healthcare sector in the north of Lebanon. The collected answers were analyzed using the SPSS application and statistical tools. The results verify that the use of blockchain technology has a great impact on healthcare trustworthiness with its three dimensions (integrity, confidence, and reliability).
In recent years, the significance and prevalence of distributed ledger technology have grown. However, there is a lack of empirical studies examining the managerial and technological aspects essential for implementing it in the distribution network. The objective of this research is to develop a comprehensive framework for the adoption of blockchain technology in the entire distribution chain. This will be achieved by identifying the factors that facilitate adoption and experimentally evaluating their interdependencies and effects on adoption through empirical evidence collection. A quantitative approach was used to assess the model's main objective. The study focused on the medicine manufacturing industry to gather responses regarding the intention to use blockchain technology and its impact on supply chain performance. The findings revealed a significant positive relationship in the hypothetical model. Additionally, secondary data analysis, which considered previous research and online surveys, was conducted to assess the impact of blockchain technology on supply chain performance and the mediating role of supply chain transparency.
In recent years, there have been many attempts to introduce blockchain-based identity management solutions, which allow the user to take over control of his/her own identity. In this paper, the authors have reviewed in-depth existing blockchain-based identity management papers and patents published online. Based on that analysis of the literature, a system will be implemented which will come up with the current issues and try to minimize them. Being transparent, immutable, and decentralized in nature, blockchain mechanism is found to be a better technology which can reduce the corruption in the experimental scenario. The objective is to develop a decentralized system which can be used for the verification of the employees in an organization. This is done to stop or reduce the cases of identity theft and data leakage in recent time. This system will be using Ethereum blockchain platform for monitoring the information and smart contract for authentication.
Technological integration in various fields yielded the proponents of the Internet of Things that matured the concept of Blockchain. This Blockchain technology is an emerging path for a decentralized economy, secure transactions and proposing transparency in vast aspects of business points and activities. The success of the implementation of novel technology relies on the acceptance and usage behavior which in return orchestrates the enablers and barriers of implementation. This study aims to understand the implementation of Blockchain in different domains through acceptance mechanisms that were overlooked in previous literature. For this purpose, numerous studies on the acceptance and adoption of Blockchain are considered to investigate the vital factors and aspects that support the implementation process. Various domains were pondered and classified for research inferences, including supply chain, finance, governance, banking, construction, etc. The research has provided an overview of Blockchain implementation from the end-userâs perspective, which would be resourceful for stakeholders to fortify the concerning elements for a better outcome. The research inferences will support scholarly advances in Blockchain towards business development. The research will also provide the platform to overview the research on Blockchain through a multidisciplinary lens that would contribute to a novel interpretation of this emerging arena.