The rise of Deep Learning and Distributed Ledger Technology has led to an increase of intricacy in the transfer of solutions to business problems. Due to the diversity of such technologies the bundeled design of solutions is complex. Thus, the selection of the right technology variant to a problem misses guidance which is relevant to fulfill business requirements. The goal of this paper is the definition of a conceptual model that provides a comprehensive view of the concepts and relationships between data, governance, processing, analytics and storage by abstracting from the technologies of Deep Learning and Distributed Ledger Technology. Based on a constructed case in healthcare and expert interviews, the methodology of conceptual modelling following a Design Science Research approach is used to build the corresponding data-driven solution. Conclusively, the resulting transparency decreases the intricacy and complexity of the technology environment and guides the technology integration of the given case.
The United Nations Sustainable Development Goals have gained strong traction in the renewed global discourse on sustainability, and attribute a key role to digital technologies. Blockchain technology is now transitioning beyond the realm of cryptocurrencies applications, to embrace a wider array of applications, including the sustainability of supply chains and traceability of responsibly sourced goods. Despite the rise in the global agenda, and emerging research in other academic fields, Information Systems (IS) research on blockchain and sustainability is still scarce.<br/>Based on a review of empirical studies, we use the perspective of the 17 United Nations SDGs to map research on blockchain and sustainable development, and lay the ground for a research agenda in the IS field. Based on this agenda, we showcase the exploration of some of the proposed research questions in an ongoing research project on the use of blockchain in the lifestyle and design industry in Denmark.
Günther Schuh, Jan Hicking, Max-Ferdinand Stroh, Justus Benning
The number of available technologies is constantly rising. Be it additive manufacturing, artificial intelligence (AI) or distributed ledger technologies. The choice of the right technologies may decide the fate of a company. Due to the overwhelming amount of information sources, regular technology market research becomes increasingly challenging, especially for SMEs. In order to assist the technology management process, the authors will introduce the architecture of an automated, AI-based technology radar. The architecture will automatically collect data from relevant sources, assess the relevance of the respective technology (i.e. their maturity level) and then visualize it on the radar map.
The purpose of this paper is to identify the impact and benefits of the latest information technologies on Accounting Information Systems (AIS). Taking into account the numerous papers related to new technologies and their application in the accounting profession within Industry 4.0, and conducted survey about perception of practitioners in Republic of North Macedonia, this paper summarizes the characteristics and key benefits of some of the new technologies for the functioning of AIS in the digital age. First of all, the evolution of AIS is elaborated, based on theoretical and empirical analysis of the accounting process from the appearance of the first AIS up to nowadays’ services and techniques available for supporting the accounting function. The first technology to be elaborated is Big Data and its potential to change the business landscape, especially in the field of automating operation processes, customer engagements, and predictive decision-making process. Secondly, the Blockchain Technology as an example of Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), which adoption brings new possibilities in eliminating or redefining the role of entities external to the company. Cloud Computing i.e. Cloud Accounting is the third technology which is elaborated in this paper through the services it offers on the cloud, especially the way AIS process, store and backup the sensitive and confidential data. Last but not least, Artificial Intelligence (AI), a technology that could change the professional services, the need, and opportunities that are provided for a solution to the current accounting issues. In summary, taking into account the relevant literature and the perception of the respondents-practitioners, increased use of these technologies is necessary because their application reduces costs; increases transparency and confidence in information; flexibility, i.e. no time and space restrictions on their use, etc., which is especially useful in the current state of Pandemic, caused by the virus COVID-19.
Industry 4.0, Internet of Things, Blockchain, and Business Analytics are the hot research topics and have attracted much attention from scholars and practitioners in recent years. In order to identify the forces driving their development and to promote their development, this paper reviews the extant studies on these topics. The review provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art researches on Industry 4.0, Internet of Things, Blockchain, and Business Analytics. The results assist scholars to figure out the directions of future studies on these topics.
Nitish Andola, Raghav, Sourabh Prakash, S. Venkatesan · 5 authors
Medical records need to be private. At the same time, it must be accessible for regular interaction authorized users. Ethereum-based blockchain allows privacy preserving sharing of decentralized databases with cryptographic data obfuscation and access control. In this work, we analyze the limitations of Ethereum-based blockchain with respect to electronic health record (EHR) sharing through a third party. A Ethereum framework for decentralized and transactional privacy preserving data sharing is proposed to address the needs of different stakeholders like patients, providers and other third involved in the generation and access of patient data records. A secure approach for healthcare management system using blockchain (SHEMB) obviates the need for a trusted third party for storing data. SHEMB uses symmetric searchable encryption technique to speedup the access to the records using the search query provided by the patient. The experimental results indicates the practical and secure nature of SHEMB.
Lingjun Fan, J. Ramón Gil-García, Yi Song, Felippe Cronemberger · 10 authors
Governments have vast data resources related to a wide-variety of policies and programs. Integrating and sharing data across agencies and departments can add value to these data resources and bring about significant changes in public services as well as better government decisions. However, in addition to the lack of standards and an adequate information architecture, the main obstacles to a centralized government data-sharing strategy are security and privacy concerns. Blockchain - a decentralized peer-to-peer distributed ledger technology - provides a new way to develop sharing mechanisms. In addition, blockchain-based systems are difficult to tamper with and are highly traceable. Based on the current problems of a big data center in the city of Ningbo, China, this paper identifies limitations of this approach and explores the potential of some data sharing mechanism based on blockchain technology. Our analysis describes some potential advantages and the feasibility of using distributed data sharing and automated management mechanisms based on blockchain smart contracts. We also explore implementation challenges and provide some practical recommendations.
The main goals of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are to develop the intellectual abilities of students as well asprepare them for entering the labor market. The connection between HEIs and the labor market is why the effectivenessand quality
Open access
Online Learning and Analytics
Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning
Data mesh architecture is revolutionizing the field of data analytics, offering a fresh approach to how organizations manage and utilize data. Traditionally, centralized data warehouses and data lakes have dominated the landscape, but as the volume and complexity of data grow, these systems struggle to keep pace. Data mesh breaks away from the centralized model by promoting a decentralized and domain-oriented approach, where individual teams take ownership of their data. This shift enables organizations to treat data as a product, with each domain team responsible for managing and serving their data assets. The goal is to make data more accessible and usable across the organization while reducing bottlenecks that occur in centralized systems. Implementing data mesh architecture has profound implications for data management. It encourages better data governance, scalability, and flexibility, while fostering innovation and collaboration. However, it also introduces challenges, such as ensuring consistency, standardization, and proper integration across domains. The success of a data mesh strategy depends on a strong cultural shift, requiring both technical infrastructure and organizational alignment to support autonomous teams. Ultimately, data mesh offers the promise of unlocking the full potential of data in large organizations by making it more agile, democratized, and efficient. By embracing this architecture, businesses can better respond to the increasing demands of modern data management and gain a competitive edge in the digital landscape.
Blockchain technology has received significant attention following the introduction of Bitcoin in 2008. In particular, the financial services industry has sought to capitalize on the underlying technology, known as distributed ledger technology, to generate new products, services, and innovative business models. In this article, through an in-depth investigation of the technology innovation evaluation process, we utilize a grounded theory approach to study 12 financial service organizations. This article is unique in that it explores the technology evaluation process concurrently as decision makers reacted to the potential uses, as opposed to a retrospective view after a technology innovation had been adopted. Evidence suggests that, organizations applied a specific process to determine the value of blockchain that consisted of understand, organize, and test, which collectively helped create the proof-of-value model. Surprisingly, we find that financial service organizations tend to view blockchain innovation as a lower priority due to the lack of a clear path to value. Additionally, financial service organizations consistently leverage industry consortiums to link to external knowledge and help with the decision-making process. Our findings have direct implications to both innovation researchers as well as practitioners seeking to evaluate blockchain technology.
Blockchain the new technology that rapidly develop contemporary beyond the cryptocurrency. Several researches reported the adoption of Blockchain Technology for health, pharmacy, logistic, and education sector. However, the report research in education sector that adopt Blockchain Technology for pharmacy very rare, therefore this research tries to explore on how the Blockchain technology influence the four critical success factors of pharmacy industry which are people, process, technology and organization factors or commonly known as Leavitt diamond model. The systematic literature review used in this research and found a thousand and two hundred ten (1210) papers from eight (8) reputable publishers and an index such as Taylor and Francis, IEEExplore Online Library, MDPI, ACM, Science Direct, Wiley Online, Emerald Inside and Scopus as Index paper publication. Eighteen (18) papers were selected, 23 critical factors found that will influence to people, process, technology, and organization.
Andreas Vlachos, Klitos Christodoulou, Elias Iosif
This paper presents the design of a Blockchain Readiness Index (BRI) to be used as a tool for assisting nations to monitor the level of Blockchain maturity according to their suitability on hosting blockchain-based activities, and successfully adopting a blockchain regulatory framework. BRI is a composite index that combines a variety of indicators from a range of sources to a single score. The proposed methodology attempts to fill a knowledge gap by evaluating the relatively unexplored area of blockchain adoption per nation. The index presented in this paper aims to distinguish between the most promising and non-hostile countries, acting as the basis for professional work, decision making and operations of organizations, investors, academics, and other stakeholders within the blockchain space. As the index is updated regularly, all new developments on the fast-changing landscape of blockchain and cryptocurrencies are reflected. In addition, this research aims to go beyond the regulatory environment towards examining several other factors such as local engagement, expertise, investments, and the need for a decentralized provision of services. This paper presents an overview of the landscape of similar attempts on designing such indexes by reviewing and identifying potential gaps and opportunities for improving their methodological design that can lead to more accurate and relevant conclusions. In addition, with this paper we contribute a systematic methodology for building a BRI using techniques from the information retrieval domain to normalize the non-normalized values, and a cosine similarity measure to derive an index ranking consisting of various nations. More specifically the proposed BRI covers a wide range of blockchain readiness indicators which can be organized into the following “pillars”: (1) Government Regulation, (2) Research, (3) Technology, (4) Industry, and (5) User Engagement. An empirical evaluation reports preliminary but promising results of the algorithmic design methodology showing evidence that, the identified indicators are sufficient for developing our index when compared to judgements made by human experts.
Purpose Blockchain holds promise as a potential solution to the problem of cybersecurity in financial transactions. However, difficulty exists for both the industry and organizations in assessing this potential solution. Hence, it is important to understand how organizations in the financial sector can address these concerns by exploring blockchain implementation for financial transactions in the context of cybersecurity. To do this, the problem question is threefold: first, what objectives are important based on the strategic values of an organization for evaluating cybersecurity to improve the security of financial transactions? Second, how can they be used to ensure the cybersecurity of financial transactions in a financial organization? Third, how can these objectives be used to evaluate blockchain as a potential solution for enhancing the cybersecurity of organizations in the financial sector relative to existing cybersecurity methods? The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach To accomplish this goal we utilize Keeney’s (1992) multi-objective decision analytics technique, termed value-focused thinking (VFT), to demonstrate how organizations can assess a blockchain solution’s value to maximize value-add within financial organization. Findings The presented model clearly demonstrates the viability of using Keeney’s (1992) VFT technique as a multi-criteria decision analysis tool for assessing blockchain technology. Further, a clear explanation of how this model can be extended and adapted for individual organizational use is provided. Originality/value This paper engages both the academic literature as well as an expert panel to develop an assessment model for blockchain technology related to financial transactions by providing a useful method for structuring the decision-making process of organizations around blockchain technology.
Cryptocurrencies, since its creation, have evolved by attracting investors (companies, financial institutions and individuals) that seek significant results, based on the great value of these. However, the finance market is characterized at the level of volatility and uncertainty, which leads to the ups and downs in the price, facing these difficulties, the investment manager must make decisions. This paper proposes a methodology to support decision-making in the investment management in the cryptocurrencies market, adopting a conservative investment position that should reduce risk and maximize the return on investment. The methodology seeks from the historical price of the cryptocurrencies the estimation of the transitions probabilities of the returns and establish levels, this is done based on the analysis of the Markov chains, which is integrated into the multiple decision trees to identify the cryptocurrency that projects a greater return when is sold one and two periods after having been acquired. The results are compared with the real data and the efficiency of the methodology for the support to the decisions in the management of the investment in the cryptocurrencies is checked.
Visualization is a widely used in different fields of studies such as supply chain management when there is a need to communicate information to general users. However, there are multiple limitations and problems with visualizing information within traditional systems. In traditional systems, data is in control of one single authority; so data is mutable and there is no guarantee that system administer does not change the data to achieve a desired result. Besides, such systems are not transparent and users do not have any access to the data flow. In this thesis, the main goal was to visualize information that has been saved on top of a new technology named blockchain to overcome the aforementioned problems. All the records in the system are saved on the blockchain and data is pulled out from blockchain to be used in visualization. To have a better insight, a review has been done on relevant studies about blockchain, supply chain and visualization. After identifying the gap in literature review, an architecture was proposed that was used in the implementation. The implementation contains, a system on top of ethereum blockchain and front-end which allows users to interact with the system. In the system, all the information about products and all the transactions that ever happened in the system, are recorded on the blockchain. Then, data was retrieved from the blockchain and used to visualize provenance of products on Google Map API. After implementing the system, the performance was evaluated to make sure that it can handle different situations where various number of clients sending request to the system simultaneously. The performance was as expected in which system responds longer when number of clients sending requests were growing. \nThe proposed solution fill the gap that was identified in the literature review. By adding provenance visualization users can explore previous owners and locations of a product in a trustable manner. Future research can focus on analysis of data which will allow organizations to make informed decisions on choosing popular products to sell.
The Organisation of Tomorrow presents a new model of doing business and explains how big data analytics, blockchain and artificial intelligence force us to rethink existing business models and develop organisations that will be ready for human-machine interactions. It also asks us to consider the impacts of these emerging information technologies on people and society. Big data analytics empowers consumers and employees. This can result in an open strategy and a better understanding of the changing environment. Blockchain enables peer-to-peer collaboration and trustless interactions governed by cryptography and smart contracts. Meanwhile, artificial intelligence allows for new and different levels of intensity and involvement among human and artificial actors. With that, new modes of organising are emerging: where technology facilitates collaboration between stakeholders; and where human-to-human interactions are increasingly replaced with human-to-machine and even machine-to-machine interactions. This book offers dozens of examples of industry leaders such as Walmart, Telstra, Alibaba, Microsoft and T-Mobile, before presenting the D2 + A2 model - a new model to help organisations datafy their business, distribute their data, analyse it for insights and automate processes and customer touchpoints to be ready for the data-driven and exponentially-changing society that is upon us This book offers governments, professional services, manufacturing, finance, retail and other industries a clear approach for how to develop products and services that are ready for the twenty-first century. It is a must-read for every organisation that wants to remain competitive in our fast-changing world
Blockchains provide decentralised, tamper-free registries of transactions among partners that may not trust each other. For the scientific community, blockchain smart contracts have been proposed to decentralise and make more transparent multiple aspects of scholarly communications. We show how an Ethereum-based suite of smart contracts running on top of a Web-enabled governance framework can facilitate decentralised computation of citations that is trustworthy. We implement and evaluate Smart Papers, and extend it with a model for decentralised citation counts. We show how our approach complements current models for decentralised publishing and informetrics calculation, and analyse cost and performance implications.
Chelsea M. Anderson, Vivian W. Fang, James Moon, Jonathan E. Shipman
ABSTRACT This paper explores U.S. public firms’ cryptocurrency holdings and accounting practices from 2013 to 2022 against the backdrop of the recently enacted crypto accounting rule, ASU 2023‐08. Descriptive analyses suggest exponential growth in corporate crypto holdings and significant variation in crypto accounting practices, underscoring the rule's necessity. Hypothesis tests using the pre‐rule data reveal three insights with direct relevance to the rule. First, firms appear to view crypto assets more akin to investments than intangible assets, consistent with the rule's mandate of the fair value model. Second, Big 4 auditors steer firms toward the impairment model and less detailed presentation choices. This conservative approach is unlikely to meet the new rule's goal of providing the most decision‐useful information. Third, increased liquidity of crypto markets prompts the use of the fair value model and a more detailed presentation, consistent with the rule's focus on more actively traded tokens. However, within our sample, we find some evidence consistent with fair value reporting increasing stock return volatility and no evidence that it enhances earnings informativeness.