Jundri R. Berutu, Yuhelson Yuhelson, Dedy Ardian Prasetyo
The rapid growth of cryptocurrency trading in Indonesia reflects the increasing integration of digital assets into the national economy. Initially classified as tradeable commodities under the supervision of the Commodity Futures Trading Regulatory Agency (BAPPEBTI), cryptocurrencies have recently been repositioned within the financial sector's regulatory framework, following the enactment of Law No. 4 of 2023 on Financial Sector Development and Strengthening (UU PPSK). This study analyzes the legal and institutional implications of shifting supervisory authority to Indonesia's Financial Services Authority (OJK) and examines the regulatory challenges in ensuring legal certainty within this evolving digital asset landscape. Using a normative legal research method with statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches, the findings reveal that Indonesia’s regulatory landscape remains fragmented and transitional. The absence of a unified and substantive legal framework, combined with institutional overlap and limited technological oversight capacity, undermines investor protection and market integrity. This paper recommends the formulation of a dedicated cryptocurrency law, the adoption of digital supervision mechanisms, and strengthened inter-agency coordination to build a coherent and future-proof legal regime. The novelty of this research lies in its critical examination of Indonesia’s regulatory transition and its proposal for a unified digital asset governance model. The study contributes to the growing body of scholarship on digital financial regulation in emerging markets and offers practical guidance for policymakers navigating the complexities of crypto-asset supervision.
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh maraknya fenomena investasi berbasis digital seperti Bitcoin di Indonesia, yang memunculkan polemik hukum dalam perspektif Islam, khususnya mazhab Syafi’i dan fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis status hukum investasi Bitcoin ditinjau dari prinsip-prinsip muamalah Islam serta mengevaluasi apakah aset digital tersebut dapat dikategorikan halal atau haram. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi pustaka, melalui analisis literatur akademik, fatwa-fatwa resmi, dan kajian hukum Islam kontemporer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum Bitcoin dinilai haram karena mengandung unsur gharar, maysir, dan tidak memiliki underlying asset yang jelas, namun masih terdapat kemungkinan kehalalan jika dipenuhi syarat-syarat tertentu seperti transparansi, kepastian nilai, dan penggunaan sebagai komoditas bukan alat tukar, dalam kerangka maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah.
Komang Sutriani, Johannes Ibrahim Kosasih, I Made Aditya Mantara Putra
Rapid advances in information technology have fuelled the emergence of digital currencies such as Bitcoin as an increasingly popular means of transaction in Indonesia. However, behind the convenience and speed offered, the use of Bitcoin also poses a high risk of fraud in online transactions. The main objective of this research is to analyse the nature of legal protection for Bitcoin users in Indonesia. This research applies normative juridical method with statutory approach, conceptual approach, case study analysis, and refers to legal protection theory, online transaction theory, and legal economic theory. One of the case studies studied is the High Court Decision 1240/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Tng which reflects the existence of a vacuum and vagueness of legal norms in the protection of Bitcoin users. The analysis shows that although Bitcoin has been regulated under the legal framework of digital asset trading, there are still inefficiencies in the application of legal protection in a comprehensive and effective manner. This research emphasises the need for more progressive regulatory reforms, as well as strengthening the role of law enforcement agencies and financial technology supervisors to ensure fair, certain and comprehensive protection for Bitcoin users in the territory of Indonesia. It is hoped that the results of this research can strengthen theoretical contributions in enriching the development of digital economy law and become a practical reference for policy makers.
Nurul Qosimah Siregar, Nikma Sari Harahap, Anisa Tul Fitri, Hulwati Hulwati · 5 authors
The use of cryptocurrencies as a payment instrument is an interesting social phenomenon to discuss. The use of cryptocurrencies as an official payment instrument is still prohibited by Bank Indonesia, but the use of cryptocurrencies continues to grow in Indonesia. BI limits the use of cryptocurrencies only as assets to be invested, not as legal tender. This research aims to analyze the law of cryptocurrency as a payment instrument from the perspective of economic fiqh. The data analysis technique in this study uses a qualitative analysis method that is descriptive-analytical. The researcher analyzed the suitability of the characteristics of cryptocurrency as a payment instrument with the principles of economic fiqh. A conceptual approach is used to explain the concept of cryptocurrency and a normative-theological approach is used to relate the concept to the provisions of Islamic law. The results of the study show that cryptocurrencies can, in principle, be recognized as objects of legal ownership ( maal mutaqawwam ) in Islam because they have value, can be owned and transferred. Cryptocurrencies can be used as a medium of exchange in Islam on a limited basis, if their use complies with Sharia principles: it is done transparently, free from speculation and usury, and supported by legitimate authorities and systems that guarantee clarity of value and security of transactions. This research emphasizes the importance of developing regulations that are adaptive to digital financial technology, as well as the need to emphasize transparency and avoidance of practices that are contrary to Islamic economic principles. Keywords: Cryptocurrency; Economic Fiqh; Payment Instrument.
Sharia fintech is a digital financial innovation that integrates technology with sharia principles, one of which is through a Peer To Peer (P2P) lending platform. However, in practice, various sharia compliance issues are still found, such as the potential for usury, gharar, and non compliance with contracts. This is due to limited manual supervision and the complexity of digital transactions. This study aims to analyze the potential for implementing smart contract technology to improve sharia compliance on P2P lending platforms. Using a qualitative approach through literature studies, this article examines how smart contract characteristics such as transparency, automation, auditability, and resistance to manipulation can support the implementation of sharia contracts such as murabahah, mudharabah, and musyarakah. The results of the study show that smart contracts enable the automatic implementation of sharia compliant transactions, reject unauthorized processes, and provide an immutable blockchain based monitoring and reporting system. This potential makes it a strategic tool in building a more accountable, efficient, and trusted sharia fintech ecosystem. However, the implementation of this technology still faces challenges, such as limited regulations, the need for multidisciplinary human resources, and low digital sharia literacy. Therefore, collaboration between scholars, regulators, and technology developers is needed to ensure that the implementation of smart contracts is not only technically superior, but also in accordance with the maqashid sharia. This study recommends the development of prototypes and further empirical research as concrete steps for implementation.
Abdulbari Kaje Yamkee, Mohd Hafiz Bin Jamaludin, Hanira Hanafi, Moch. Bukhori Muslim
Bitcoin is the world’s first cryptocurrency, created by Satoshi Nakamoto in 2008. Initially designed as a currency, Bitcoin has increasingly been used as a speculative investment instrument in recent years. The growing popularity of Bitcoin investment among investors has raised questions about its compatibility with the principles of maqasid syariah in general and the concept of ḥifẓ al-māl in particular. This study aims to analyze the concept of ḥifẓ al-māl from the perspective of maqasid syariah in relation to Bitcoin investment. Ḥifẓ al-māl is one of the five essential objectives of maqasid syariah, emphasizing financial security, asset protection, avoidance of excessive risk, fraud and other non-compliant elements. This study adopts a qualitative approach through a literature review to assess the suitability of Bitcoin investment within the framework of ḥifẓ al-māl and maqasid syariah. Data was collected from primary and secondary sources. The data were than analyzed based on the established themes. The findings indicate that Bitcoin investment carries both high profit potential and significant risk. Furthermore, ensuring that Bitcoin investment fully aligns with maqasid syariah, particularly in the context of ḥifẓ al-māl, present considerable challenges due to elements that may lead to both benefit and harm. Contribution: This study makes a significant contribution in legal, economics and social aspects. From a legal perspective, it proposes a comprehensive guideline for Bitcoin investment. Economically, it enhances understanding of Bitcoin’s potential as an alternative investment within the framework of ḥifẓ al-māl. Socially, it promotes awareness of syariah-compliant financial management within community.
Penelitian ini menganalisis implementasi kerja sama antara Western Australia Web3 (WAWEB3) dan Bali Blockchain Center (BBC) sebagai bagian dari pelaksanaan program Sister City Denpasar–Perth. Fokus penelitian ini adalah pada program-program yang mendukung pertukaran pengetahuan dan pengembangan teknologi digital melalui konferensi, promosi bersama, serta penguatan ekosistem Web3. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sejumlah program telah terealisasi, seperti Bali Blockchain Summit 2024 dan Black Swan Summit 2025, yang berhasil mendorong literasi digital serta kerja sama antar komunitas teknologi. Namun, masih terdapat poin kerja sama yang belum terlaksana secara optimal, khususnya dalam hal promosi kewirausahaan digital. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa kerja sama ini merupakan bentuk pelaksanaan konkret dari sister city yang berbasis inovasi dan teknologi digital.
Waqf is an Islamic economic instrument with significant potential to promote community welfare, yet it continues to face challenges related to transparency, asset certification, and public engagement. The advancement of blockchain technology particularly the use of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) presents an innovative opportunity for the digitalization of waqf, especially as a means of creating unique, transparent, and verifiable asset certifications. This study employs a qualitative approach through a literature review to analyze the potential and challenges of utilizing NFTs within the framework of sharia-compliant digital waqf. The findings indicate that NFTs hold great promise in enhancing efficiency, expanding public participation, and promoting digitally-driven productive waqf models. However, several critical issues remain, including legal uncertainty, the risk of gharar (ambiguity), value volatility, and the lack of supporting infrastructure and digital literacy. This study recommends strengthening regulatory frameworks, developing adaptive fiqh guidelines, and increasing public education to support the implementation of NFTs as a waqf instrument aligned with maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah and capable of delivering broad benefits to the Muslim community.
Web3 technology echoes the paradigm of a secure, transparent, and privacy-preserving decentralized internet. Unfortunately, this digital transformation has opened up new opportunities for cybercriminals, for example online gambling bookies can utilize the Blockchain Domain Name System (BDNS) running on Web3 as a way to avoid tracking and blocking. This analysis aims to map the potential threats from misuse of BDNS technology through a two-dimensional scenario matrix approach using two main types of variables: (1) Native Web3 integration into popular browsers, and (2) Level of BDNS adoption by online gambling sites. The four scenarios produced will describe various levels of risk that require different mitigation strategies, in certain combination conditions will create the highest threat conditions where the conventional domain name blocking system is no longer effective in blocking online gambling sites. The results of this study are expected to identify weak signals from the evolution of online gambling threats, as well as become a basis for government agencies or policy makers in preparing anticipatory steps in dealing with the dynamics of digital threats in the Web3 era.
Muhammad Izzul Syahmi Zulkepli, Suffian Haqiem Nor Azelan, Nur Bakri Abdul Hamid, Hazrul Hizam Karim · 5 authors
A smart contract is a script that encodes and executes the terms of a contract or transaction on a blockchain platform. This technology offers a practical mechanism for delivering Islamic banking products. Smart contracts can be utilized for Islamic home financing, specifically to implement the diminishing partnership (musharakah mutanaqisah) structure. This arrangement has seen a decline in use, largely due to the rise of tawarruq contracts which benefit from more developed systems and facilities. Reassessing and redeploying the diminishing partnership model via smart contracts could reduce the industry’s heavy reliance on tawarruq in Islamic banking operations. Accordingly, this study evaluates the potential of smart contract technology to execute diminishing partnership agreements, especially within the context of housing finance offerings. We adopt a qualitative approach to achieve this aim, drawing on thematic analysis of prior studies and synthesizing findings through narrative methods. Our results indicate that smart contracts can serve as an effective operational mechanism for diminishing partnership-based home financing, thanks to automated workflows, enhanced transaction transparency, and improved risk management. However, these advantages can only be fully realized if the technological, operational, and Sharia-related risks are properly identified and controlled.
Yusril Rahman Hakim, Muchammad Rio Nugroho, Muhammad Hadyul Haq, Ladi Wajuba Perdini Fisabilillah · 5 authors
Sektor perbankan memiliki peran penting dalam perekonomian Indonesia, sehingga faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi harga saham perbankan menjadi menarik untuk diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh harga Bitcoin, harga emas, dan BI Rate terhadap harga saham perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama periode Januari 2022 hingga November 2024. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kuantitatif dengan regresi data panel berbasis Random Effect Model (REM). Data yang digunakan berupa data sekunder dari situs Investing.com. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa harga Bitcoin dan BI Rate memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap harga saham perbankan, sementara harga emas tidak memiliki pengaruh signifikan. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa Bitcoin sebagai aset digital alternatif semakin memengaruhi dinamika pasar keuangan, sedangkan emas lebih dianggap sebagai aset pelindung nilai tanpa keterkaitan langsung dengan saham perbankan. BI Rate yang meningkat juga mencerminkan kinerja positif perusahaan perbankan, sehingga menarik perhatian investor. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan mengenai peran instrumen investasi alternatif dan kebijakan moneter dalam menentukan dinamika pasar saham perbankan.
This study aims to critically examine the compatibility of Bitcoin and blockchain technology with Islamic economic and legal principles within the context of a rapidly evolving digital financial system. Employing a literature review method based on the PRISMA approach, this research analyzes five authoritative classical Islamic jurisprudence texts alongside 40 scholarly articles from credible academic sources. The primary focus lies in evaluating how these emerging technologies correspond with key Islamic financial values, particularly the prohibitions of riba (interest), gharar (excessive uncertainty), and maysir (speculation/gambling), while also exploring their potential for innovation in building a Shariah-compliant financial infrastructure. The findings demonstrate that while Bitcoin, due to its high volatility and speculative nature, poses significant concerns under Shariah principles mainly due to its proximity to elements of maysir and gharar blockchain technology itself offers considerable promise. As a decentralized and transparent ledger system, blockchain can enhance justice (‘adl), trust (amanah), and efficiency in Islamic financial transactions. It supports the reduction of transaction costs, improves transparency, and eliminates reliance on intermediaries aligning with core objectives of Islamic economic ethics. Furthermore, blockchain technology provides a foundation for innovative financial instruments that uphold Shariah compliance, such as asset-backed stablecoins, automated smart contracts for contracts like murabahah or mudarabah, and real-time Shariah audits. The study finds increasing institutional support across Southeast Asia and the Middle East, where Islamic finance authorities, governments, and fintech developers are actively working to embed blockchain into compliant financial ecosystems. In conclusion, although Bitcoin's speculative characteristics challenge its Shariah compliance, blockchain technology opens significant opportunities to innovate and strengthen Islamic digital finance. The realization of this potential depends on sustained collaboration among Shariah scholars, technologists, regulators, and financial institutions to ensure all developments are guided by the objectives of maqasid al-shariah. This research contributes to the ongoing discourse on how Islamic values can shape the future of ethical and inclusive financial technologies.
The focus of this research is to identify the factors that make investors victims of fraud in the context of NFT investments. The theoretical foundation used in this study is the Lifestyle Exposure Theory, which helps in understanding how investors' lifestyles influence their risk of being scammed. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study method through interviews to gain an in-depth understanding of fraudulent patterns in NFT projects. Data analysis is conducted using a descriptive approach to thoroughly illustrate and explain the phenomenon, providing insights into the factors that make investors vulnerable to fraud in the context of NFT investments. Lack of self-control and minimal verification of information make investors more susceptible to fraudulent schemes. The habitual factors identified above demonstrate their role as victims in fraud schemes, a concept known as Participating Victims.
Hendri Dewarto Silitonga, Ratna Artha Windari, Si Ngurah Ardhya
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menganalisis dan memahami pengaturan hukum mengenai transaksi aset digital cryptocurrency di indonesia dalam Undang- Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik sebagai acuan dalam memberikan kepastian hukum terhadap penggunaan aset digital cryptocurrency di Indonesia, (2) mengidentifikasi keabsahan smart contract pada platform Ethereum berdasarkan sistem hukum kontrak di Indonesia berdasarkan perspektif syarat sahnya perjanjian yang dimuat di dalam pasal 1320 KUH Perdata. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif , yakni melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan perbandingan (comparative approach) . Sumber bahan hukum yang digunakan yaitu KUH Perdata, UU ITE, Bappebti, PP, dan artikel ilmiah yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik tidak mencamtumkan secara eksplisit mengenai transaksi aset digital, istilah dokumen elektronik dan informasi elektronik, menkategorikan aset digital yang menjadikan aset digital memiliki kedudukan yang sah dan diakui secara hukum. (2) Keabsahan smart contract pada platform Ethereum jelas tidak memenuhi syarat subjektif dalam 1320 KUH Perdata yang membuat smart contract batal atau tidak sah sebagai suatu perjanjian yang mengikat para pihak.
The rapid growth of cryptocurrency and blockchain technology has raised significant legal and ethical questions, particularly in Muslim-majority countries like Indonesia, where Islamic law (Shariah) plays a central role in financial regulation. This study examines the role of Islamic law in regulating cryptocurrency and blockchain technology, focusing on Indonesia’s regulatory framework. The research aims to assess the compatibility of these technologies with Shariah principles and identify gaps in the current regulatory approach. By doing so, it seeks to provide recommendations for developing a Shariah-compliant regulatory framework that balances innovation with ethical and legal considerations. Using a mixed-methods approach, this study combines legal analysis of Indonesia’s regulatory framework with qualitative interviews with Islamic scholars, regulators, and industry experts. Data were analyzed to evaluate the alignment of cryptocurrency and blockchain technology with Shariah principles, such as the prohibition of riba (interest) and gharar (uncertainty). The findings reveal that while blockchain technology has potential applications in Islamic finance, cryptocurrencies face significant challenges due to concerns over volatility, speculation, and lack of intrinsic value. The study concludes that Indonesia’s regulatory framework must be adapted to address the unique challenges posed by cryptocurrency and blockchain technology while ensuring compliance with Shariah principles.
Muhammad Farid Romadhoni Alqodr, A. Fajar Awaluddin, Annas Fajar Rohmani, Muhammad Salman Al Farisi
The rapid development of digital finance has led to widespread adoption of cryptocurrency and Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), including among Indonesian Muslims. However, a gap remains between state policy and Islamic legal perspectives on the legitimacy of these digital assets. While the Indonesian government recognizes cryptocurrency as a tradable commodity, Islamic authorities such as the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) consider it haram due to elements of gharar (uncertainty) and maysir (gambling). This normative divergence, coupled with the absence of integrated sharia-based digital education, creates confusion and increases the risk of speculative or unethical practices. This study adopts a descriptive qualitative approach through library research, drawing on academic literature, state regulations, fatwas, and digital media content. The findings reveal that community-based Islamic education—rooted in platforms such as pesantren, majelis taklim, and digital Muslim communities—plays a strategic role in enhancing sharia literacy. Digital educational media like YouTube, podcasts, and e-learning serve as powerful tools for contextualizing Islamic teachings in the digital economy. Collaborative educational initiatives involving scholars, educators, and influencers have shown positive outcomes in building awareness and ethical understanding of digital financial instruments. This research suggests that integrating fintech content into Islamic educational curricula and empowering da'i and PAI teachers with digital literacy skills are essential to developing an ethically grounded and technologically literate Muslim society.
Ishak Ramli, Mohamad Noorman Masrek, Mohd Daud Abdul Rahim, Thuraiya Mohd · 10 authors
The development of blockchain technology across the globe has seen to be vast, including those related to visual arts. In Islam, anything new: especially those that never existed before, needs to be, obligatory discussed from the Islamic Shariah perspective. Therefore, the vast development of blockchain technology relating to non-fungible token (NFT) towards marketing visual art needs assessment from the Islamic Shariah perspective as there has not been any empirical studies carried out towards it. This paper intends to discuss a need assessment analyses regarding marketing visual art through the NFT platform blockchain technology from the Islamic Shariah perspective in Malaysia. Using the systematic literature review technique, researchers have discussed briefly regarding the development of visual arts, NFT and its trend, and reviewing Islamic perspectives on NFT. As a result, it is necessary for the Islamic Council of Malaysia to explain in detail the marketing of visual arts through NFT. A proper paperwork is crucial to give an overview on the practices regarding NFT that are 1) crypto currency; 2) artwork visual appearance; 3) copyright and consent issue; 4) pricing and value; and 5) royalty and blockchain record - to market of visual arts for Islamic Shariah assessment; in ensuring the muamalat activities amongst Muslims are centred on the faith of Islam.
The application of blockchain technology and smart contracts in Islamic capital markets presents significant opportunities to enhance efficiency, transparency, and compliance with Sharia principles in stock transactions. This study investigates the feasibility of implementing smart contracts in Sharia-compliant stock trading within a blockchain-based framework. Using a qualitative descriptive-analytical approach, this study examines the suitability of smart contract mechanisms with Islamic financial principles, evaluates improvements in operational efficiency, and identifies challenges in its implementation. The results show that smart contracts can significantly reduce transaction costs, eliminate intermediary risks, and ensure sharia compliance automatically through programmable rules. However, its implementation faces challenges such as regulatory framework, technology scalability, and stakeholder education. This study presents a comprehensive framework for integrating blockchain technology in Islamic capital markets while maintaining compliance with Sharia principles.
Andrian Purwanto, Yudi Sumayadi, Tri Karyono, Enry Johan Jaohari
The rapid development of digital technology has significantly transformed the music industry, influencing various aspects from production and distribution to audience engagement. This article explores the implications of technological advancements, particularly the integration of artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, non-fungible tokens (NFTs), and the Metaverse in the music sector. Using a qualitative approach with a literature study method, this research analyzes various sources and case studies to examine the impact of these technologies. The findings reveal that AI has revolutionized music creation by enabling automation in composition and production, enhancing efficiency and creative possibilities. However, this innovation also raises ethical debates regarding originality and copyright ownership. In parallel, blockchain and NFTs introduce a transparent and decentralized distribution model, allowing musicians to control their intellectual property and earnings without relying on intermediaries such as record labels. Despite these advantages, challenges remain, including limited public understanding of blockchain and market instability due to cryptocurrency fluctuations. urthermore, Metaverse-based virtual concerts and music experiences using VR technology present new opportunities for immersive and inclusive entertainment. However, replicating the emotional depth of live performances and ensuring accessibility to VR devices remain significant challenges. Overall, while these technologies offer promising innovations in the music industry, concerns related to regulation, ethics, and accessibility must be addressed. A balanced approach is necessary to fully harness the benefits of digital transformation while mitigating its potential drawbacks.
Khoirul Hidayah, Muhammad In’am Esha, Dwi Hidayatul Firdaus, Ramadhita Ramadhita
The Non-Fungible Token (NFT) is one form of trade utilising crypto assets as a medium of exchange. This system has proven effective in assisting creators in protecting both their economic and moral rights. However, the existence of Regulation of the Minister of Finance No. 68/PMK.03/2022 concerning Value Added Tax and Income Tax on Cryptocurrency Trading does not adequately address the phenomenon of NFT trading. This raises an intriguing issue regarding the formulation of tax collection for NFTs as digital assets that can be traded and serve as a source of state revenue. This study employs a socio-legal approach with qualitative methods. Based on an analysis of legislation, the theory of justice, and tax collection theory, three alternative models for regulating income tax and VAT on NFTs in Indonesia are proposed. The first model suggests specific regulation in the form of a Minister of Finance Regulation. The second model recommends classifying NFT trading platforms as Permanent Establishments (PE). The third model advocates for the application of tax treaties to prevent double taxation. This study is expected to contribute to the development of NFT taxation regulations in Indonesia.
Nurul Ain Ahmad, Nurul Syafiqah Imran, Nur Ruwaidah Kairuddin, Norhazlin Zafira Kirman · 6 authors
Forex Trading merupakan satu aktiviti perniagaan dari segi tukar beli matawang. Terdapat ramai individu yang menggunakan kaedah Forex Trading ini untuk berdagang mata wang dan bertujuan untuk mendapatkan keuntungan. Bitcoin pula merujuk kepada alat pengukuran nilai yang digunakan dalam kaedah Forex Trading. Secara umumnya, artikel ini akan memfokuskan perbincangan tentang maksud Forex Trading, konsep mata wang kripto iaitu Bitcoin dan konsep riba. Selain itu, artikel ini telah mengkaji metodologi yang digunakan oleh penulis iaitu secara penyelidikan kualitatif. Penulis akan memastikan semua sumber-sumber yang digunakan adalah relevan dan berkaitan dengan penyelidikan supaya mudah dan sesuai untuk dijadikan rujukan. Di samping itu, terdapat perselisihan pendapat tentang hukum perdagangan Bitcoin berdasarkan kaedah Forex Trading mengikut syariah Islam. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan hukum-hukum penggunaan Bitcoin dan menerangkan beberapa pandangan ulama terhadap isu yang boleh dibangkitkan terhadap mata wang Bitcoin. Hasil perbincangan daripada artikel ini, jelaslah tentang hujah-hujah berkaitan hukum penggunaan Bitcoin sebagai alat pengukuran nilai dan terdapat beberapa langkah bagi mengatasi masalah yang berkaitan dengan penggunaan Bitcoin melalui kaedah Forex Trading.
Purpose: This research is to understand Bitcoin in the perspective of contemporary muamalah fiqh, find out how contemporary scholars understand bitcoin and analyze whether it is permissible or not from the perspective of contemporary muamalah fiqh. Design/methodology/approach: This research method is included in the quantitative category with a descriptive approach process, where the data collection technique relies on references in the library method as the main source. In other words, the data collection method is obtained from literature, such as articles, online media, books and other sources. Findings: : The results of this research show that bitcoin as an investment is not permitted because it contains gharar and maysir, and is not recognized as an official medium of exchange. The Indonesian government also does not support bitcoin as an official currency and considers it illegal under the Bank Indonesia Law. Research implications: From the results of this research, it is known that the development of Bitcoin in the Contemporary Prefective Fiqh of Muamalah, namely cryptocurrency, whether Bitcoin or other related cryptocurrencies, is still not accepted in Islamic law. and it could be said that it has not been legally and legitimately accepted in Indonesia.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi Keputusan Investasi Cryptocurrency pada kaum Millenial di Kota Batam. Faktor-faktor tersebut antara lain Overconfidence, Risk Tolerance, dan Financial Experience. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif, dengan data primer yang diperoleh melalui penyebaran kuesioner. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 443.180, dan sampel yang diambil sebanyak 100 orang dengan menggunakan rumus Slovin dengan tingkat kesalahan 10%. Penelitian ini menggunakan probability sampling dengan metode random sampling. Teknik analisis yang digunakan meliputi analisis deskriptif, uji instrumen, uji asumsi klasik, uji regresi linier berganda, dan uji hipotesis, dengan pengolahan data melalui SPSS versi 25. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Overconfidence, Risk Tolerance, dan Financial Experience berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Keputusan Investasi Cryptocurrency. Kesimpulannya, H1 diterima, H2 diterima, H3 diterima, H4 diterima.Kata Kunci: overconfidence, risk tolerance, financial experience, keputusan investasi cryptocurrency.
Fani Budi Kartika, Muhammad Ihsan, Bambang Indra Gunawan, Muhsin Lambok Ilvira
The Non-Fungible Token (NFT) market has grown rapidly as one of the innovations in the digital economy, opening up new opportunities for creators to trade their works globally. However, this development also presents significant challenges related to copyright protection and dispute resolution in blockchain-based digital transactions. This study aims to analyze Indonesia's legal regulations in overseeing the NFT market, with a focus on copyright protection and dispute resolution mechanisms. The research method used is a normative juridical approach with a literature analysis of existing regulations, such as Law No. 28 of 2014 on Copyright. The results show that legal regulations in Indonesia have not fully accommodated blockchain technology and NFT transactions, thus creating legal loopholes that increase the risk of copyright infringement. In addition, the existing oversight and dispute resolution mechanisms are still conventional in nature, which is less effective for handling the complexity of the NFT market. To address these challenges, this study recommends the establishment of specific regulations governing copyright protection in the NFT market, the development of a technology-based surveillance system, and the implementation of a digital dispute resolution mechanism. The implication of this research is the importance of collaboration between the government, creator community, and technology platforms to create a healthy, safe, and competitive NFT market ecosystem. The findings are expected to be the basis for strengthening regulations and increasing legal protection on copyrighted works transactions in the NFT market in Indonesia.