Vasyl A. Holian, Nataliia Medynska, Yu.B. Zastavnyy
It is determined that the economic mechanism of economic management of the nature is a set of methods, means, instruments and forms of budget-tax and financial-credit regulation of economic development and use in the reproduction process of the natural component of national wealth, as well as the implementation of activities aimed at the reproduction of natural resource potential and environmental protection. It is substantiated that in the current socioeconomic and political-legal conditions, the economic mechanism of economic management of the nature operates with an overly narrowed specification of methods and instruments, which makes it impossible to fully ensure a sufficient level of financing for the implementation of environmental projects and priorities for expanded reproduction and enhance of the natural resource potential. It is proved that in the unfavorable conditions of the European natural gas market for the national economy and crisis phenomena caused by the curtailment of business activity due to the spread of the coronavirus pandemic, budgetary opportunities for financing environmental expenditures are limited. Researches have shown that in the dynamics of the real value of environmental expenditures of both the State and local budgets in 2002-2020 in general, there is a downward trend, which indicates a real decrease in the volume of public financing of environmental protection. It is substantiated that due to the deregulation of land relations, that is, the transfer of the State-owned agricultural land outside settlements to communal ownership, additional resource opportunities have been formed to increase the efficiency of the use of instruments of the economic mechanism of economic management of the nature at the local level. It is determined that in the conditions of an overly unified system of budget and tax regulation of economic management of the nature and limited opportunities for financing environmental activities, ensuring a high level of efficiency of functioning of the economic mechanism of economic management of the nature at the local level requires the installation of a complex of incentives into the range of its instruments and methods. Such incentives will orient the entities of agrarian entrepreneurship to the introduction of additional capacities of organic farming, organic cattle breeding and organic feed production. It is substantiated that such incentives are represented by tax and budget preferences.
Олена Тодорівна Прокопчук, Y.V. Ulyanych, S. Ptashnyk
Reform of local autonomy and local organizational power has been fully initiated in Ukraine since 2015. Decentralization is one of the biggest changes in the process of European integration, aimed at forming a real local autonomous government, starting from the basic level — united communities. The newly formed community of the united territories must be able to provide the existing government and provide public services at the appropriate level. The main level of socio-economic stability in the administrative region largely depends on the correspondence and balance between the received financial resources and powers. It is expected that the introduction of the agricultural land market may lead to significant changes in the tax structure of integrated communities. The status and trends of formation and development of local budgets are influenced by certain provisions of the regulatory framework. Currently, the revenue side of the local government budget relies too much on government programs and grants, which complicates the work of local communities in the process of self-stimulating their economic development. At the same time, it is proved that special attention should be paid to the search for additional revenues to local budgets, which would compensate for the expected losses from the personal income tax on shares. It is also necessary to take measures to improve the administration process and ensure the proper implementation of the fiscal function of local taxes and fees. In particular, there is an objective need to study the possibility of transferring the administration of certain local taxes and providing access to relevant registers (in the case of property tax) to local governments, which will ensure adequate local tax revenues to relevant budgets and partially address the tax debt.
The article deals with the social and economic development of rural areas as an important component of social and regional policy. It is noted that in the terms of a transformational economy, it should be based on new principles of organizational support and financing, support for integrated rural development, attracting investment resources, based on the needs of the rural population. It is determined that one of the main causes of the crisis in the Ukrainian countryside is the loss of state control over the processes of socio-economic development of rural areas. It is investigated that the most important precondition for overcoming the crisis is the creation of an effective system of state regulation in the rural sector of Ukraine. The formation of self-sufficient (in particular in financial terms) territorial communities of rural areas is proposed is one of the ways of socio-economic development of rural areas. It is analyzed that the state policy of Ukraine in the field of local self-government is based on the interests of residents of territorial communities and provides for decentralization of power, i.e. transfer of large amounts of power, resources and responsibilities from local governments to local authorities. This policy is based on the provisions of the European Charter of Local Self-Government and the best world standards of public relations. The focus of research is state regulation of rural development processes – the main priority of public policy in the vector of European integration of Ukraine's foreign policy. Increasing the importance of solving the problems of rural areas requires a change of state orientation in the direction of increasing the investment attractiveness of rural areas, introduction of structural adjustment of rural economic infrastructure to balanced multifunctional development, formation of organizational and economic tool for risk management and safety of rural development. It is established that one of the main conditions for the effective functioning of local budgets is to ensure the formation of sufficient financial resources for their independence and autonomy in order to meet the needs of the rural population.
Rural areas occupy the major part of the territory of Ukraine, but they are characterized by low levels of socio-economic development, limitations in the amount and quality of public services, negative demographic trends. The purpose of the article is to systematize modern means of financing rural development in Ukraine and to identify problems of their application by local governments. The authors proposed to improve the mechanism for financing rural development by active use its budgetary, credit and investment instruments. The prevalence of budgetary funding, whose limitation constrained rural development, was proven. Modern approaches to financing rural development were stated based on broadening community involvement in local budgeting, as well as in attracting investment resources.
It has been found out that government subventions are the most powerful support instrument for rural development in the spheres of infrastructure, education, health care, etc. The possibilities of financing rural development through the development budgets under financial decentralization have been investigated. It was noted that the use of participatory budgeting and other forms of project finance most clearly demonstrated real democratic transformations in local finance in Ukraine. The proposals for the use of PPP agreements, crowdfunding, and international funds’ grant programs for financing rural development were provided.
Стаття присвячена сутності та порядку відображення в бухгалтерському обліку операцій з криптоактивами суб’єктами господарювання в умовах розвитку світової економіки. Розглянуто криптовалюту як різновид цифрових грошей. Охарактеризовано найвідоміші види криптовалют та стан криптовалютного ринку протягом 2019 року. Розглянуто правове регулювання криптовалюти в різних країнах. Окрему увагу приділено питанню визнання та нормативно-правовому регулюванню обліку криптовалюти в Україні. Встановлено, що криптоактиви можуть бути оприбутковані на баланс суб’єкта господарювання шляхом придбання, отримання як засобу платежу за продукцію, товари, роботи та послуги, набуті внаслідок інвестицій на ринку криптовалют та одержані самостійно внаслідок криптовалютного майнінгу. В процесі дослідження доведено, що криптоактиви потребують методичного та теоретичного обґрунтування в умовах нестабільності діючого законодавства. Запропоновано здійснювати облік криптоактивів за допомогою міжнародних стандартів фінансової звітності. Описано принцип роботи блокчейну та наведено переваги використання цієї технології як самостійної системи для ведення бухгалтерського обліку криптовалюти.
Nataliia M. Kriuchkova, Наталія Михайлівна Крючкова, Наталья Михайловна Крючкова
In the process of active implementation of the decentralization reform in Ukraine, the level of Ukrainian society is increasing by creating financially viable united territorial communities. Today, decentralization is an opportunity for community to have the authority and resources to meet the current needs o f the region. The updated system of financial support for local budgets contributes to an increase in the share of their income, but the current results of fiscal decentralization indicate that not enough additional local government resources have been created to finance municipal powers and powers delegated by the state. At the same time, the land resources of territorial communities are the basic category in the formation of the financial and material basis of the local government system. Possession, effective use and disposal of land resources guarantee the effective organization of the territorial community's life. At the same time, the level of capacity o f territorial communities in Ukraine indicates that despite the state's efforts to organize effective management of land resources as the property of a territorial community, the impact of the latter on the growth of economic, social, household, and cultural development, especially rural and settlement communities, remains insignificant in the future. Given that there have been significant changes in the legislation on land relations recently, the issue o f taxation of land under the new legislation and its impact on the income of communities and their financial viability is relevant.
The article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the formation of financial resources of enterprises in the united territorial communities of Ukraine. The purpose of the research is to reveal the essence of financial resources of enterprises and analyze their formation. To achieve this goal, theoretical and practical aspects of the formation of financial resources of enterprises operating in united territorial communities were studied. The research used an empirical method (for a comprehensive assessment of the formation of financial resources of enterprises that belong to United territorial communities), an analysis method (identified the main problems of ensuring proper financing of enterprises from the budget of United territorial communities), and an abstract-logical method (theoretically generalized and provided conclusions on the integration of agricultural enterprises with United territorial communities). The reasoning of the conclusions was based on a systematic approach, which provided a generalization of the theoretical provisions of the concept of rural development and the basic principles of decentralization, as well as an assessment of the interim results of the formation of united territorial communities in Ukraine. The advantages and potential risks of the impact of decentralization on the development of production enterprises in the united territorial communities of Ukraine are presented, which can be used to justify proposals for making adjustments to national plans for the formation of united territorial communities in order to further minimize the risks to the development of production enterprises. It is proved that the competitiveness of the agricultural sector depends directly on the management of financial resources. In turn, the availability of financial resources is a necessary condition for ensuring a continuous production process. The problems of formation and use of financial resources of agricultural enterprises in modern conditions are clarified. The indicators of economic development and investment attractiveness of the united territorial communities of Zhytomyr region in 2019 were analyzed and it was found that the communities have become able to Finance the resources of enterprises. The conclusion is made about the lack of proper state support for enterprises in the region. The main provisions set out in the article contain certain methodological and practical recommendations for the decentralization of power and its impact on the functioning and development of agricultural enterprises. In further research, attention should be paid to foreign experience in managing rural territories, united territorial communities for the implementation of public projects based on partnership between local authorities and businesses.
It has been proved that budget decentralization is becoming an effective system of local finances and an instrument of state regulation of regional development. It encourages regions to become financially independent and entrepreneurial, seeking additional resources for the needs and capabilities of the regions. To date, the main development of a democratic state is to ensure the welfare of every individual. According to the experience of developed European countries, the achievement of this goal is possible only under the conditions of high-quality public administration, which strengthens democratic institutions, eliminates inequities of access to public goods, improves the quality of public services, and improves the standard of living of the population. A priority direction for the development of a democratic state is to ensure the welfare of each individual citizen. In the context of the reform of the public finance system, the tendency towards decentralization in public administration, which results in the transfer of a number of powers to the local level, is relevant. Implementation of budget reform measures in the context of decentralization will contribute to ensuring a stable income base of local budgets, as well as enhancing their financial capacity, transparency, and efficiency of use of budget funds, and effective resolution of issues of socio-economic development of territories. Thus, financial decentralization makes it possible to balance the mechanisms of public service delivery with the needs and preferences of local residents. Population income is a traditional subject of research by scientists, which is related to the direct impact of population income on the socio-economic and political situation in society. This determines the priority direction of the formation of a system of methods and mechanisms of regulation of income of the population of any country
Recently, blockchain technology has been used in various sectors of the economy. Mainly, it is actively implemented in the financial sector of the state. But, now more and more we are talking about its use in the agro-industrial complex. Agriculture provides over 14% of Ukraine’s GDP, making it one of the most important industries in the world. The agricultural sector brings every third dollar that Ukraine receives. Since a huge number of jobs depend on the sustainable success of Ukraine’s agro-industrial complex, big stakes are placed on ensuring that agriculture remains a viable and competitive market for all. Negotiating changes in international trade policy and supporting affordable labor on the extent of potential border strengthening present two new challenges for agriculture in the future. However, older, more persistent threats to the agribusiness sector are also present, as they involve decisions about what technology should be used and when it is appropriate to invest in innovation.
Purpose. The aim of the article is determining the areas of diversification of rural development in decentralization in order to improve the quality of life of rural population and ensure the competitiveness of rural areas and achieve environmental security. Methodology of research. Common methods of study are applied in economic science in the course of the study, in particular: monographic, system and structural - in determining the directions of diversification of rural development in the conditions of decentralization. Findings. The following areas of diversification of rural development under decentralization conditions have been identified in order to ensure the social and ecological and economic development of rural territories: diversification of agricultural production; diversification of non-agricultural activities; diversification of funding sources; diversification of forms of ownership and management. It is suggested to diversify the development of rural territories in the field of agricultural production by expanding the range of products, increasing the volume of organic and niche production. It is determined that the choice of non-agricultural activities for each rural area is different and depends on natural resources and its location. The directions of diversification of non-agricultural activity in rural areas are proposed, such as: industry, rural green tourism, services and folk arts, production of specific regional products, legal entities and individuals, grants. We believe that the diversification of ownership and management in rural areas involves stimulating the development of different forms of ownership, promotion of various forms, creation of cooperatives and clusters. Originality. The scientific and practical recommendations on the formation of directions of diversification of rural development under decentralization conditions, which are determined depending on the object of diversification (agricultural production, non-agricultural activity, sources of financing, forms of ownership and management), have been improved. Practical value. The obtained results of the study are the basis for solving practical problems of rural development in the context of decentralization in Ukraine. Key words: diversification of rural development; agricultural production; non-agricultural activities; sources of financing; ownership and economic management; organic production; cluster.
Mykhailo Khvesyk, Oleksandr Shubalyi, Julia M. Khvesyk, Natalia M. Vasilik
Abstract The article defines the priorities, principles and main provisions of national forest policy of Ukraine towards European integration. The main objectives and structure of the mechanism of transformation of ecological and economic relations in the forest sector of Ukraine is grounded. The main tasks of transformation of ecological and economic relations in the forest sector should be decentralization of the management system, budget savings and sustainability, sustainable development and ecological security, development of public and private partnership, and welfare of local communities. It justifies priority directions of transformation, which include the system of distribution of powers between central, regional and local levels, the financing system and fiscal regulation in the forest sector, powers and subordination of the organs of ecological control, the organizational forms of companies and associations, the institutionalization of communal and private ownership of forests. Necessary organizational and economic framework for their implementation should ensure the economic mechanisms of transformation of the system of state management of economic processes, financial-credit and fiscal regulation, economic incentives of the deep environmentally friendly forest products, integration of businesses and innovative and investment development of the forest sector, the Institute of ownership of forest land, the property rights of forest users and local communities. The structure of transformation mechanism of ecological and economic relations in the forest sector is developed. It will allow the use of modern economic methods (de-monopolization and transparent competition on the timber market; economic incentives for deep wood processing; the transition to the new organizational forms of integration of economic entities; the empowerment of local communities and their executive bodies) and the instruments (preferential loans; target financing of large-scale projects at the national level; environmental insurance; transfer pricing; export and import duties; the state order; the state guarantees and subsidies), and to form an effective organizational forms of business entities in the forest sector. It is concluded that transformation processes should apply to all spheres of economic activities in the forest sector, especially in the following areas: increased powers of the management bodies of the forest sector at the regional and local levels; simplification of procedures for land allocation by local governments to provide additional reforestation; coordination between the organs of ecological control and forest management to strengthen the relationship between the real state of forestry and the system of rational use of forest resources; the introduction of modern forms of enterprise and associations of enterprises at different stages of the reproductive process.
The article consider sthe essence of concepts of decentralization and determinants of sustainable development of the agr iculturalsector . It analyze st he dynamics of payment for land to local budgets of Ukraine in 2014-2019. It shows that the introduction of new normative monetary valuation significantly reduces the fiscal potential of territorial communities, whose main profitable source of budget generati on is the proceeds from payment for land. The paper proposes some a pproaches to improve the mechanism of state regulation of sustainable development of the agr icultural sector of Ukrainian economy for enhanc ing its competitiveness in the context of Ukraine's integration into the European area . The study substantiates the fact that determinants of sustainable development of the agr icultural sector of economy are identified from two perspectives: on the one hand, determinants of sustainable development of the agr icultural sector are the conditions, causes, factors on which this development depends ; on the other hand, they are constituent elements of sustainable development of the agr icultural sector of economy. The paper considers the process of transfer of agricultural land plots from state to communal ownershipof united territorial communities in Ukraine in 2018. It provides a comparative description of advantages and disadvantages of sources of investment projects financing in the agricultural sector of economy. As a result, it is determined that own funds of enterprises are the most reliable and stable investment resource. The authors p ropose to mobilize investment processes in the agricultural sector based on all possible sources, to increase state investments, to intensify alternative investments, to stimulate the inflow of foreign investments, to expand the practice of insurance and guarantee of the state-supported investment projects in the agricultural sector of economy. Key words : sustainable development, determinants of sustainable development, agricultural sector, decentralization
Національний університет біоресурсів і природокористування України, О. О. Лемішко
Introduction. The urgency of budget support for reproductive processes in the agrarian sector of the Ukrainian economy is determined by its important role in ensuring the country’s food security, the formation of the agrarian market, the application of measures of customs and tariff regulation. \n \nPurpose. The purpose of the study is to determine the patterns of dynamics and structural development of indicators of budget support of reproductive processes in the agrarian sector of the Ukrainian economy. \n \nResults. According to the results of the analysis of the dynamics of expenditures of the State Budget of Ukraine for the agrarian sector of the economy for the years 2012-2019 it has been established that it is reliably described by a parabola with branches upwards and minimum values in 2015. And the actual data for 2012-2016 are formalized by a linear killing function with a minimum value at the end of the period. Comparison of the above results allows us to put forward the hypothesis that the point of bifurcation is connected with the signing by Ukraine of the Association Agreement with the EU, which strengthened the competitive position of the agrarian sector in comparison with other sectors of the national economy. As a result, the mentioned agriculture became more attractive for budget financing and investment in categories of absolute sizes, but its share in expenditures of the State Budget of Ukraine remains negligible. The patterns of the structural development of sources of budget financing of the agrarian sector of the economy, which are connected with the processes of budget decentralization, which are reflected in the growth of the share of local budgets in the Consolidated Budget of Ukraine, are revealed. Characteristic features of the expenditures of the State Budget of Ukraine to finance the agrarian sector of Ukraine are priority financial support for livestock, plant growing, hop growing, land reform, scientific activities, and Agrarian Fund activity. \n \nConclusions. Recommendations for improving the state financial policy of reproduction of capital in the agrarian sector of the economy are an increase in the absolute volume and specific weight in the total expenditures of the State Budget of Ukraine; structural changes in favor of the development budget; the transition to the formation of the budget for development on a medium-term basis; specification of expenditures according to the departmental and program classification at the level of state target programs, which will create preconditions for conducting a state audit of the effectiveness of their use.
Exploring the rural development issues, given their direct impact on the administrative, territorial and socio-economic indicators of the development of communities, regions and the country as a whole, is becoming more and more relevant in the course of implementation of provisions of the reform of local government and the territorial organization of power in Ukraine. Rural territories provide a significant contribution to the economy, cause influence on the national food security, form an essential part of the country’s export potential. Newly created communities, especially in rural areas, have inherited a significant number of local problems, including poor economic development, inadequate quality of infrastructure, lack of free access to modern public services in almost all vital social spheres (education, health, transport, communications, finance, etc.). Existing problems of self-fulfillment and decent labor remuneration, first of all in the productive sphere, cause the outflow of the economically active population, especially young people, in search of work and better living conditions, characterize the high level of the current unemployment and the continuing ageing of the rural population, which as a result exacerbates social and economic problems in society. Finding ways to address local development problems, introducing an efficient system of integrated development of rural territories and achieving functional self-sufficiency in newly created communities, taking into account the benefits of the expanded powers granted in the the course of implementing the decentralization reform, require researching the new approaches to the public management of territorial development and the formation of a socio-economic basis upon their own available resources and the internal potential for achieving the sustainable economic growth, stimulating their development, and improving the socio-economic indicators of the living standards of citizens.
The purpose of the article is to develop conceptual provisions of diversification of development of rural territories in Ukraine in terms of decentralization. The paper proves that diversification should be considered as a means of ensuring integrated development of rural territories in connection with the need to create new mechanisms for interaction between all rural territories, the need to optimize existing agricultural activities and introduce new productions. The author argues that there are important reasons for the diversification of development of rural territories, including low level of material well-being and employment of rural residents, low profitability of agricultural enterprises, environmental pollution and degradation of soils. Ensuring the diversification of the development of rural territories is suggested to be based on the principles of unity and integrity, taking into account the process of decentralization, with due consideration of geographical, economic, ecological, ethnic and demographic characteristics of each rural territorial entity. The factors of containment of the process of diversification of rural territories’ development in terms of decentralization are identified, including the insufficient legislation, limited natural resources, low level of public awareness, lack of financing of rural development programs from the State budget; lack of entrepreneurial experience of population; lack of start-up capital to start a business. The factors stimulating the process of diversification of the development of rural territories are allocated, including the reform of decentralization; conducting business trainings; providing consulting assistance in the legal and economic spheres. The directions of diversification of development of rural territories are determined including the diversification of agricultural production, diversification of non-agricultural activities and diversification of sources of financing.
a rise in the standard of living of the population, subject to an increase in social spending and a significant share of the public sector; the field of education, especially primary and secondary education, through the delegation of educational functions to the local level and their financial support, as well as the active participation of the local community in the financing, management and control of these institutions; the health sector, which, given the inadequate management and low level of tax decentralization, will be characterized by a deterioration in the availability and quality of medical services for the rural population; improvement of local infrastructure due to the ability of communities to independently control costs, which will reduce the cost of work and maximize local needs. The prospects for the development of rural settlements in Ukraine due to the influence of financial decentralization implementation are substantiated.
Decentralization of the power authorities inUkrainewill greatly bring science closer to the needs of production in its primary links, and will improve the use of agricultural potential in each region (Sabluk, 2017). Under these conditions, it is possible to practically implement the proposed improved model of management of agricultural projects, which is based on the coordination of efforts of agrarian producers with specialists of the relevant departments of regional state administrations (Prysiazhniuk and Plotnikova, 2017). Creation of innovative centers for the development of agricultural production and rural areas in the regions will contribute the activation of the development and implementation of innovative projects. It actualizes the problem of formation of sources of financing of agricultural projects. Material and methods. The purpose of the work is a scientific substantiation of the possibility of capitalization of agricultural lands as a potential source of project financing on the example of the regional level of management of agricultural production. The methodological and theoretical basis of the study is the modern works of Ukrainian and foreign scientists, as well as the results of own research. In the process of research the following methods were used: monographic, abstract-logical, statistical-economic, analysis and synthesis. Results and discussion. The possibility of capitalization of agricultural lands as a potential source of project financing on the example of the regional level of management of agricultural production inUkraine is substantiated. The evaluation of potential volumes of crediting of projects of the agricultural enterprises of regions ofUkraine depending on size of the collateral value of the land and the rights of rent is executed. The investment potential of agricultural enterprises of the regions of Ukraine in the context of project financing, taking into account the collateral value of the land resource and investment profit (the sum of net profit and amortization of fixed assets) is calculated. Conclusion. Estimation of the potential volume of credit support for projects of agrarian enterprises in the regions ofUkraine, depending on size of the collateral value of the land and the rights of rent, indicates the important role of this potential source of financing. So, for example, the potential volume of credit financing for projects of agricultural enterprises inUkraine subject to 50 % of the value of land mortgage is about 267.6 billion UAH. Involvement of these funds to finance innovative agricultural projects will contribute to the expansion of opportunities for the practical implementation of these projects and to ensure sustainable development.
Law No. 6 of 2014 on Villages provides a legitimate basis for the position of the village as an autonomous entity within the framework of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia. It has amended Government Regulation Number 72 of 2005 on Village. One of the major changes related to the autonomy of Village Financial Management which must follow the procedures as stipulated in the legislation. Law No. 6 of 2014 on Villages stipulates village financial resources which are village original revenues, allocations of State Budget, part of local tax and Regency / City retributions, allocation of village funds that are part of balance fund received by Regency / City, financial assistance from the Provincial Budgets and Regency / City Budgets, non-binding grants and donations from third parties, and other legitimate village revenues. The existence of various sources of village finance is very closely related to the financial system of the State, resulting in legal issues related to the model of financial decentralization applied to the village, the procedure of allocating revenues and expenditures, legal status and accountability of the Village Head as the recipient of revenue allocation. This research is normative law research through library research. This study was conducted by studying the conceptual approach of village financial management that requires the support of empirical data. It then combines the basic concepts with statute approaches and the implementation of budgeting activities for the use of village funds in village government. These steps are expected to answer the research problems and realize the purpose of this study.
Urgency of the research. The objective need to popularize the foundations of sustainable development is due to an increase of anthropogenic impact on the environment. An important point is the formation of financial instruments for the sustainable development of rural areas and the development of ways of environmentalizing the agrosphere. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. The scientific works of such scholars as M. Y. Malik, M. A. Khvesyk, O. M. Alymov, I. M. Lytsur, V. V. Mykytenko, E. M. Libanova and others deal with the financial support of sustainable development of rural territories. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. The scientists have not yet sufficiently developed the argumentation of the implementation opportunities of the priority areas of the formation of financial instrumentation for the sustainable agricultural development innovative approach. The research objective. The aim of this article is the substantiation of innovative approaches to the formation of financial instruments for sustainable development of rural communities. The statement of basic materials. The article deals with the features of the formation of financial instruments for sustainable rural development. The key role of the financial sector in the sustainable development of local natural and economic systems has been proved. We have calculated the resource of the local budget of Mukachevo district in 2014-2016. There have been defined the directions of expansion forms and sources of financing of the processes of reproduction of natural resources and improving environmental management through the rent relations in the process of financial providing of sustainable development management of rural communities. Conclusions. The concept of sustainable development, which covers the economic, social and environmental trends, needs to be prioritized. Strengthening the progress of the priority components of the concept of decentralized sustainable development, the possibilities of modernizing economic relations will be expanded on the basis of coordination of interests of communities with the interests of the authorities. It is also necessary to strengthen the development of the concept of a mutually integrated mechanism of accumulation and use of financial resources to ensure the economic basis of environmentally-oriented growth.
The preconditions appearance Ukrainian phenomenon of "Dutch disease" and the transition of the national economy on a trajectory of "resource curse" that requires improving the system of fiscal regulation nature use and review priorities of increasing energy potential of territorial communities through integrated use of local natural resources are considered. Public-private partnerships agreements as a priority institutional form of realization of projects for increasing the energy potential of territorial communities in conditions of decentralization based on increasing the efficiency of processing of a waste of agricultural and forestry production and recovery capacity of small hydropower are defined. Stimulate the use of hydropower potential of small rivers based on introduction of a concession regime of use water fund lands is proposed. Advisability increasing of energy efficiency of land use based on processing of a waste of grain and industrial crops and not increasing cultivated areas of energy direction agricultural crops is proved. Creation of forest clusters based on subjects of forestry business, local governments and finance and credit institutions for creation conditions for reducing losses forest raw and manufacturing energy wood from recycled waste wood are proposed.
The financial decentralization is an essential component part for the political, administrative and economic decentralization process, with major involvement on the economic and social system in Romania. Although the authorities of the local public administration in Romania were authorised to ensure the local communities the services provided by law and even to involve in the economic-social development of the towns and communes, in fact they have never had enough financial sources from the state budget or from the local budgets. The local budgets represent the planning and management tools of the financial activity of the territorial-administrative units. Their structure reflects the autonomy level of the local administration towards the central level and the links existing between the different territorial administrations. Also, the local budgets reflect the flows of incomes formation and the expenses of the local administrations, the method of financing the expenses on destinations and the deficits covering. The local authorities must access external aid programs, in order to be able to achieve the investigation works related to the commune infrastructure, due to the fact that the local incomes are insufficient to achieve investigations works from their own sources. In this context, the present paper proposes to highlight the characteristics of the budget process within the local public administration in the rural sector area.
Governmental capacity consists of three major components. First, institutions at all levels, central, local, public, and private, must have sufficient authority to undertake their assigned roles. Second, adequate financing is necessary to implement governmental responsibilities. Third, good leadership is needed to assure that authority and resources are used wisely. Governments seeking to decentralize must consider many fundamental issues regarding allocations of authority and finances, the strength of local leadership, and the structuring of central institutions.
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