The Internet of Things (IoT) technology has grown rapidly and continuously. The IoT ecosystem comprises an increasing number of smart devices that can sense, act, process, store, and communicate via the Internet. Data within such communication technology is continuously exposed to be hacked or attacked. Therefore, there should be methods to protect the issue of data authentication and increase the security of such large-scale networks. In this article, a method of using a Blockchain network is proposed. The proposed system uses the Ethereum blockchain and benefits from several critical technologies, including distributed consensus, smart contracts, digital signatures, and cryptographic hashes. The whitelist and blacklist are the two lists that are suggested. The approved users who have obtained their private keys are included on the whitelist. The blacklist, on the other hand, is intended to stop illegal users who are flagged as spammers or attacks. According to findings, the Blockchain can drastically save expenses and boost the security of IoT networks
Abstract Introduction: Blockchain technology is the method of storing the data systematically, such that it is impossible to change, defraud or hack the data. Distributed Ledger Technology is another name for this technology. It is like a digital ledger of numerous transactions stored or distributed throughout the Blockchain extensive network by a computer system. Banks offer critical services like payments, clearance and settlement systems, trade finance, securities, etc. Hence, there are fraud and mistakes in these key services due to many manual procedures and human mediators. Purpose: The main purpose of this chapter is to study the emerging role of Blockchain in banking services. This chapter will attempt to examine the significance and applications of Blockchain in banking operations. This chapter will also investigate the challenges encountered by banks in adopting Blockchain technology. Research Methodology: In this research chapter, secondary data are collected by studying the various journal papers and scholarly articles, with exact keywords like: blockchain, banking sector, applications and blockchain role. Data are collected from the Emerald, Springer Open, Google Scholar, and Science Direct databases. Findings: This technology will enhance transparency in banking transactions in the coming future. The adoption of Blockchain will transform the banking system in many ways, such as faster payment and settlement systems, security management and fundraising.
INTRODUCTION: Blockchain technology is a distributed ledger, decentralized, and cryptographically secure technology which has garnered considerable interest in different sectors including healthcare. It can enable better trust, security, management, and transparency of healthcare data, processes, and transactions resulting improving quality of care. Despite the fact of the increasing number of research investigating the applications/potentials of blockchain in healthcare, there is a scarcity of comprehensive reviews that focuses on the factors that influence its adoption in the healthcare industry. OBJECTIVES: This review aims to summarise existing studies regarding the adoption of blockchain technology in the healthcare industry. This review presents a detailed review of existing empirical studies investigating the factors influencing blockchain adoption in healthcare by highlighting the research methodologies, targeted stakeholders, adoption theories/models used, and the influential factors explored in each of these studies. Careful syntheses of these studies would enable researchers and partitioners to acquire a wide knowledge and understand various opportunities and challenges of blockchain implementation in healthcare. METHODS: Inspired on “Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)” guidelines, the study's scope and research questions are established, Scopus database is selected as an information resource, search strategy, and inclusion and exclusion criteria for document selection is developed. This review was conducted in August 2022. From 223 articles found in the search, 12 met the eligibility criteria and were selected to be extensively analyzed in this review. RESULTS: This review reveals that very few empirical studies exist that sought to explore the significant factors influencing blockchain adoption in healthcare. The qualitative method was the most method employed, healthcare providers were the most targeted stakeholders, and most of the studies were not based on adoption theories/models. Privacy, government regulation, and trust were the most influential factors investigated in the studies. CONCLUSION: The utilization of blockchain can help handle many issues in healthcare systems and bring improved healthcare delivery. Little attention has been paid to highlight internal and external factors that would impact successful blockchain adoption in healthcare. Additionally, the evaluated research placed little attention on understanding how underlying factors interact, social structures and institutional mechanisms affect the adoption of blockchain in healthcare. The reasons why healthcare organizations are hesitant to implement blockchain are still not clear. There is a need to conduct more research to examine the factors influencing the decision of healthcare stakeholders to adopt blockchain by using adoption theories/models. The proposed framework of the factors in this study may contribute as a starting point for future blockchain adoption studies in the healthcare industry.
This study examines the present scholarly research on blockchain technology in supply chain management. The primary purpose of this working paper is to visualize and perform a scientometric review of 468 publications and research published between 2007 and 2021 from the Web of Science database. Co-author analysis, co-word analysis, and co-citation analysis highlight main concepts and research hotspots and provide light on important specializations and developing trends. This study primarily uses Citespace5.8. R1 to conduct a systematic analysis of author collaboration networks, keyword co-occurrence networks, keyword clustering, keyword burstiness, and literature co-citation graph spectrum networks in the domain of blockchain in supply chain management to identify the research state, development trend, hotspots, and frontiers. Research shows that :(1) since 2017, the literature on the application of blockchain in supply chain management has expanded rapidly. China and the United States are particularly advanced in this area compared to other nations. (2) The "blockchain in supply chain management" research mainly focuses on technical framework theory, which uses distributed ledger technology and smart contracts to control supply chain operations. Simultaneously, technical innovation should be combined with artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and other technologies to enhance the trust, transparency, traceability, performance index, and security of the supply chain. (3) The horizon of study in this area is the integration of RFID and blockchain technology for technical innovation in Industry 4.0, intending to improve and optimize each supply chain node.
Purpose As information providers, libraries select, acquire, process, store, preserve and distribute information resources to customers. Innovative technologies like the blockchain have posed major challenges to education and library services. The main goal of the application of blockchain technology (BT) in libraries and information centers is to give all possible users in participating library systems unrestricted access to digital content and print collections while minimizing risk to protect each user’s privacy and identification. A fresh and dependable technology called blockchain aids in the security, reliability and preservation of information. The 21st century’s change agents’ libraries are implementing new technologies to deliver the most knowledge possible in the shortest amount of time. It cannot be overstated how this technology has the potential to transform library services, operations and functions. Design/methodology/approach An extensive review of literature on “smart libraries” was carried to ascertain the emerging technologies in the smart library domain. Literature was searched against various keywords like smart libraries, smart technologies, Internet of Things, electronic resource management, data mining, artificial intelligence, ambient intelligence, BT and augmented reality. Later on, the works citing the literature on smart libraries were also explored to visualize a broad spectrum of emerging concepts about this growing trend in libraries. Findings Blockchain is one of the rapidly expanding and evolving technology. Librarians and library need to understand the opportunities, benefits and risks of blockchain. Perhaps in libraries, BT will become a useful tool for storing, storing and sharing information. This technology also aids in the acquisition of library materials that can improve collection maintenance. Blockchain can protect user and patron records and enhance the privacy of user and research data. This technology also improves collaboration among library patrons and staff. BT is increasingly being adopted by libraries in various ways. It creates an improved metadata system to protect digital-first selling rights, peer-to-peer sharing and more. Apart from what have been already discussed, this technology is perfect for academia and perfect for achieving potential pace in libraries. It can be used to safeguard library user records, retrieve libraries document and improve collection management. A special bulk request enables identification and discovery of unique holdings. Scientific writing is another good use case for blockchain, where researchers can record and time-stamp ideas and spread information. BT presents a significant opportunity for libraries to enhance user privacy, enhance collaboration and transform the manner in which libraries and communities collaborate. The University of San Jose in Toronto, the Reference Library, the Suffolk Collaborative Library System and many other libraries are exploring this technology, and various other libraries are set to follow suit. Originality/value The paper tries to highlight the usage of blockchain technologies in the libraries and information center setups for the efficient working of library setups. Blockchain is one of the emerging technologies that have the potential to bring the technology revolution.
Blockchain technology was first introduced at the start of the last decade and since then the technology has been exploited in numerous industries – The Telecom industry being no such exception. This study takes into account the recent innovations in the fabrication of the bridge between the newly adapted blockchain industry worldwide with the ever-developed and matured telecommunication industry which has led to excellent opportunities for us, who are extensively targeting the uniqueness of blockchains which is their capability to store and allow retrieval of data that is trusted to be immutable where the process of doing such is much faster, reliable, and adheres to the current security needs after data leakage and data fraudulency has been much into practice recently. The research methodology used for this study is the qualitative approach, where is used to perform content analysis on the literature available to extract the implications of the merging of these two industries at a scale above and beyond the continent boundaries. The results indicate that blockchain’s smart contract feature can resist fraud, and eliminate human error and lack of transparency.
Construction projects’ performance is not self-regulating. Therefore, a continuous progress tracking and monitoring process is highly demanded to avoid potential deviations or misalignments. The current practice for the progress tracking and monitoring process suffers from heavily intermediated workflows, human errors, transfer latencies, inaccuracies, and/or information holes. Such issues could gradually lead to severe delays or even complete project failure. This research introduces a novel Peer-to-Peer (P2P) system that relies on Blockchain Technology (BT) and Inter-Planetary File System (IPFS) for managing progress information and as-built digital assets or files. The system is developed based on a three-step approach. First, two chaincodes are formulated for mapping and governing the data operations. Second, a private blockchain network is configured based on Hyperledger Fabric as a hosting platform, including the relevant stakeholders. Third, a private IPFS network is configured and coupled with a cluster service to manage and distribute the off-chain visuals and as-built digital assets. A case study for a non-residential construction project is utilized to test and verify the system’s practicability and assess its performance. The research significance is anticipated in diverse practical areas, including but not limited to; boosting coordination and trust among stakeholders, tracing progressive elaboration of As-built digital assets, accelerating incremental payments processing, assessing overall project performance and on-site productivity, supporting delay analysis and claim/dispute management, and streamlining data flow between the construction phase and the operation and maintenance phase. Further, the system’s future is mapped by evolving it as a sub-unit in a more advanced data model.
Blockchain technology has the potential to impact the performance of small-and-medium enterprises (SMEs). A theoretical model using Technology-Organization-Environment framework and Resource-based View was developed to examine Blockchain-driven SME business performance. The model was empirically tested using structural equation modeling techniques on data gathered from 320 practitioners in Nigeria, Ghana and Kenya. The technological and organizational contexts for Blockchain influenced organizational commitment while top management support for Blockchain influenced organizational transparency, both of which influenced Smart SMEs resulting in enhanced performance. Social media visibility moderated the effect of Smart SMEs on performance. The findings offer several implications for research and practice.
Abstract Blockchain has enormous capabilities to transform the traditional business models in countless ways. Banks in India are building collaborative blockchain ecosystems to create an innovative business model and disrupt the traditional one to create further competitive advantages. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between blockchain capabilities (BCC), competitive advantages (CA) and organizational performance (OP). Further, to evaluate the mediating role of CA on the relationship between BCC and OP. In this context, scientific research model consisting of a hypothesis has been developed from the existing literature. The proposed model was tested using statistical data collected from Blockchain specialists, blockchain product marketing managers, experts of future and emergent technology and VP/AVP/Chief Manager/Branch head of banks/ financial Analyst/divisional Managers who are involved in planning and deployment of practical blockchain in banking/financial sector. Data was analyzed and tested through AMOS 22.0 and process macro using a sample of 289 responses. Our empirical result indicated that there is a significant positive relationship between BCC, CA and OP. Furthermore, relationship of BCC and OP partially mediated CA. This paper presents originality and contributes towards the body of knowledge on this subject to understand the relationship and mediation role of CA on the relationship between BCC and OP in Indian banking sector.
Open access
Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
Organizational Leadership and Management Strategies
Jay Munjapara, Harsh Sawant, Nimish Patil, Shreya Patankar
Blockchain has offered solutions to many problems through its core principle of decentralization and distributed nature. Some of the fields in which these can be seen are Finance, Supply Chain, Healthcare, Real Estate etc. Among these, blockchain has transformed the functioning of the supply chain, increasing efficiency, transparency and security. Blockchain has allowed creation of an immutable track and trace system from sourcing of raw materials to the delivery of finished products. It has streamlined the administrative process leading to cost saving and faster processing time. Various solutions have been developed to tackle the problems faced in the supply chain industry solving one or multiple problems. This paper aims to assess the main solutions proposed and evaluate their advantages and disadvantages.
There are always potential hazards from hackers, adware, malware, and viruses. Many big international corporations have experienced hacking and security breaches in the previous few years. In certain instances, this has resulted in the leakage of private and confidential information, such as bank account information, addresses, and transactions, but there are security measures in place that can block these things before they get too close to the company's private data. This is crucial for both secrecy and to avoid paying the steep fines levied on businesses that fail to adequately safeguard customer information. The project is a verification mechanism that only allows users with the proper input credentials to access the system. The project involves modules or user certificates. Security credentials come in a variety of forms. Thus, we incorporate a unique blockchain for banking security and user authentication in this proposed methodology. This degree of authentication reduces the possibility of hacking and the loss of sensitive data. Also, in the current environment, safer bank transactions are necessary due to advancements in security technologies. They have also made advances into industries, healthcare, telecommunications, and home automation, among others. A distributed ledger is basically what a blockchain is. It can keep information about who owns a certain piece of property or, for example, a bond. A permanent record of ownership can be maintained using technology, which also makes it possible for parties with a low level of trust to exchange the asset. Key Words: Custom Blockchain, Distributed Ledger, Authentications, Confidentiality, Transactions, Security System, Credentials, Banking Security, etc.
Purpose Blockchain technology can overcome many complicated problems related to confidentiality, integrity and availability of fast and secure distributed systems in the agri-food supply chain. In emerging economies like India, blockchain application in the agri-food supply chain is still new, and their adoption is underdeveloped. This paper aims to investigate the drivers of blockchain technology adoption and their effect on the behavioral intention of stakeholders in adopting blockchain technology among various stakeholders in the agri-food supply chain. The study also develops a framework to enhance understanding of blockchain adoption in the agri-food supply chain as well as the stakeholders' motivation in seeking blockchain solutions. Design/methodology/approach Considering the most significant aspects of blockchain adoption in the agri-food supply chain, this study attempts to develop an adoption model by using the extended unified theory of acceptance and technology model with interfirm trust and transparency as additional factors. Data was collected from a sample of 200 stakeholders in the North Indian state of Punjab. The empirical analysis was carried out using structural equation modeling in Smart PLS3. Findings The findings supported the developed framework and the results of SEM indicate that all the paths are supported. In particular, the findings of the study reveal that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, interfirm trust and transparency are the drivers of blockchain adoption and have a significant impact on the behavioral intention of stakeholders. Cumulatively, the results positively impact the performance of agri-food supply chain. From this study, it is found that the adoption of blockchain technology in agri-food supply chain enhances their performance. Originality/value The originality of the study lies in the developed framework, technology adoption will help them focus in the right direction by eliminating manual methods and converting the agri-food supply chain into a digitalization system.
The Construction industry has a complex structure with multiple parties involved, which often leads to “adversarial relationships”, “risk avoidance”, and a “lack of trust” among the different actors. This culture is further compounded by a “linear workflow” that often results in low efficiency, delays, rework and unnecessary waste. Blockchain technology can help to mitigate these issues by creating a decentralised and transparent system, where all the actors can have access to a shared database, it allows tracking and monitors the different stages of the project, and even automate some processes increasing efficiency and reducing delays and rework. This study highlights the advantages of Blockchain technology, particularly how it can provide a single source of truth for project data while allowing multiple parties to access and share data in a secure and transparent way, improving the workflow of BIM projects and decreasing the likelihood of errors, mistakes, or fraudulent activities. The paper explores the integration of BIM and Blockchain across life cycle and supply chains based on the RIBA plan of work, with the objective to streamline collaboration while improving process efficiency and resource traceability in projects. The study proposes a roadmap performing a detailed literature survey for Blockchain adoption in the construction industry, and validated on a real-world Bridge project. Furthermore, this study is innovative since it examines the integration of BIM and Blockchain throughout the entire project lifecycle by simulating the smart contract implementation based on the RIBA plan of work, thus providing an in-depth examination of the potential benefits of this integration.
Bashaer Khudhair Abbas Alkafaji, Mahmoud Lari Dashtbayaz, Mahdi Salehi
This paper aims to investigate the impact of blockchain on the quality of the information in listed and non-listed companies in Iraq; the temporal scope of this study is 2022. The statistical population of this research is divided into two parts: one part is related to the level of familiarity with blockchain technology of accountants, independent auditors, managers, etc., and the other part is related to the effect of blockchain technology on the quality of accounting information. The sample size is determined based on Cochran’s formula, among which 1528 respondents were selected as a sample size. The results of the hypothesis testing showed that in both listed and non-listed companies, familiarity with blockchain technology had increased the quality of information. In this way, blockchain technology has positively and significantly impacted the quality of accounting information. This means that the impact of IT (Blockchain) on the quality of accounting information is the same for Iraqi listed and non-listed companies. Since the current research has been investigated in an emerging market such as Iraq, it can bring helpful information to readers in this field.
Rim Abdallah, Jérôme Besancenot, Cyrille Bertelle, Claude Duvallet · 5 authors
The maritime industry is moving towards a digital ecosystem to achieve substantial mutual profits. To achieve this, there have been attempts to combine existing, disjointed systems into more efficient, standardized platforms that can be scaled up. However, this transition has faced challenges. To address these issues, it is suggested that innovative technologies such as blockchain be utilized due to their alignment with the sector’s needs. This study uses a triangulation approach by examining a mix of literature, web-based data, applications, and projects to showcase the contribution of blockchain and its potential use cases. We also explore its potential use cases based on other sectors using projection and parallelism. Additionally, the study delves into limitations and possible solutions. This research acts as a preliminary study for the implementation of blockchain in the maritime industry, and advocates for its use as a revolutionary approach. The findings will be beneficial for scholars, policy makers, and practitioners in the maritime industry.
Maha Shehadeh, Anwar Al-Gasaymeh, Hamed Ahmad Almahadin, Mohammad Rustom Al Nasar · 5 authors
Numerous global supply chains lack the tools necessary to survive in the world. Because supply chain managers must change their focus from cost-cutting to enabling new processes, as well as making businesses more connected and flexible, in order to create value across the enterprise. Digitalization controls the networks that transforms today’s supply chains. However, supply chain management consists of intricate systems and procedures that span numerous ecosystems, partners, and geographical regions and are managed by a number of different stakeholders. The complexity of current supply chain management systems has resulted in a lack of effectiveness along the whole value chain, which delays transactions and erodes customer and organization trust globally. Therefore, in order to consider this concept to be examine, empirical research was conducted to assess the blockchain technology integration and internet of things and their impact on digital supply chain transformation. This research used a quantitative approach, descriptive and analytical methods used for assessment as well as a convenient random sampling technique. Data of 187 respondents used after screening 390 received responses from hardware manufacturing companies located in Dubai UAE. Data was tested using SmartPLS 4.0 by applying, reliability, validity, discriminant validity and hypothesis testing. The findings revealed a positive significant relationship between blockchain technology and digital supply chain transformation utilizing internet of things in an upgrading way.
Mounir El Khatib, Abdulla Alnaqbi, Ahmed Alnaqbi, Hamad Alsuwaidi · 5 authors
This study examines the impact of blockchain technology and IoT on project risk management. Blockchain and the Internet of Things (IoT) provide the platform that project managers use to mitigate risks. The objectives of the study are to explore the impact of blockchain and IoT on managing the risks during project planning, execution, implementation, and closure. Therefore, the study identifies the opportunities that project managers have to optimize their project risk management. The study uses a structured questionnaire and interviews with a sample of 30 respondents to understand the correlations between variables. The findings show that businesses use IoT and blockchain technology platforms to create risk mitigation plans and implement and periodically update the project management tools. The study concludes that blockchain IoT enables stakeholders to meet the changing preferences under risk management.
Hamed Ahmad Almahadin, Maha Shehadeh, Anwar Al-Gasaymeh, Ibrahim A. Abu-AlSondos · 5 authors
The financial industries have grown concerned over the last ten years about the rapid development of financial technology, or Fintech, and the conversation surrounding sustainable performance. Achieving cutting-edge performance through ongoing product and process development is encouraged by global competition, and blockchain technology knowledge is the most compelling tool for long-term sustainability and business growth. The main goal of this research was to examine the potential application of blockchain technology and fintech in the insurance industry, which may need to manage client data and transactions with a secure and reliable blockchain record in order to maintain sustainable performance. A descriptive research was incorporated using simple convenient sampling technique. Data recorded for 196 employees working in insurances companies based in Dubai UAE. data gathered through online questionnaire and evaluated through SmartPLS software by applying hypothesis testing using PLS-SEM Algorithm, Reliability and validity test for model validation. As a result, a positive significant relationship of the proposed construct further expands the implementation of blockchain technology will result in significant efficiency gains, cost savings, transparency, quicker payouts, and a reduction in fraud while allowing data to be shared in real-time across several parties in a trustworthy and verifiable manner.
The Fintech industry has grown in importance globally for staying current with advancements and advances in the financial industry. The need of technology in financial institution captured higher attention that signifies Fintech uses specialized software and algorithms. This research is aimed to empirically investigate the impact of cryptocurrency regulations and fintech on growth of innovation in banking sector Dubai UAE. A total of 209 valid respondents collected from managerial departments in the banks using convenient sampling technique. Screened data considered for testing and analysis using SmartPLS 4. A PLS-SEM test run for model evaluation, hypothesis testing, and construct correlation. The findings support the significant association between fintech and innovation growth as well as cryptocurrency regulation is positively associated with innovation growth. The financial sector can benefit from this research’s findings, and the researchers’ goal is to learn more about financial technology.
Financial Technology (FinTech) innovations have fundamentally transformed the global financial services industry by leveraging digital technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, big data analytics, cloud computing, and mobile platforms. FinTech innovations have reshaped payments, lending, wealth management, insurance, risk management, and regulatory compliance, enhancing efficiency, financial inclusion, and customer experience. This review synthesizes the theoretical foundations, technological drivers, and major categories of FinTech innovations, including digital payments, blockchain-based finance, peer-to-peer lending, robo-advisory services, InsurTech, RegTech, and decentralized finance (DeFi). Through a comparative analysis, the paper evaluates benefits, risks, and adoption challenges of FinTech solutions. The discussion highlights regulatory, ethical, and cybersecurity implications, while the conclusion outlines managerial implications and future research directions in the evolving FinTech ecosystem.