New technologies are playing a fundamental role in the postmodern era of globalization where interpersonal interactions at the international level and the exchange of goods, services, information and capital are the basis of all activities. The agriculture sector is constantly facing numerous challenges including the steady growth of the population, climate change, the increasing number of catastrophes, the loss of biodiversity and the spread of parasites. This paper analyzes the impacts of Blockchain applications in agriculture and the food supply chain, through a survey literature review, providing the various players in the agriculture value chain with new tools and key technologies to improve production and distribution processes. To demonstrate the importance of applying the Blockchain in the agriculture sector, especially for emerging countries, the case of South Africa is examined. This focus is one of the unique aspects of this paper, which is the first to deal with this kind of solution applied to the South African context. Our findings indicate that Blockchain, in the e-agricultural context, has the potential for reshaping the entire sector, contributing also to the resolution of the food crisis. This paper discusses the overall implications, limits, challenges and potentials of these applications, from a critical point of view.
To solve compliance issues for its procurement/direct-buy processes, Blockchain Technology is helpful in its existing environment. Blockchain can be characterized as a distributed ledger technology that can keep track of transactions among various parties involved in the transaction. By sharing data among multiple parties involved in a business, Blockchain works as a trust-able technology providing tempered proof transaction tracking of order, payment and other functions associated with the logistics. Blockchain is helping logistics to be more proficient and straightforward. Blockchain&s;s distributed ledger characteristics makes it the ideal technology to manage the logistics having functions of payment tracking, order management, shipment and many more critical information.. Blockchain is useful only where multiple entities are collaborating and sharing information. Blockchain is very good and suitable approach for logistics . The technology is supportive in involving multiple entities to synchronize information among all the entities involved in logistics . In logistics, information is shared among provided by manufacturer, wholesaler and customer and helps in standardizing the procedure to identify suspect, illegitimate and improving the products and the system is completely traceable.
This paper investigates the strategies for adopting blockchain technology in the fresh product supply chain (FPSC) consisting of a supplier, a third-party logistics service provider (3PL) and an e-tailer. We analyse the optimal strategies of FPSC members under the benchmark scenario where the FPSC does not adopt blockchain technology and those under the three scenarios where the supplier, 3PL and e-tailer lead the construction of the blockchain-based traceability system (BTS), respectively. We find that adopting blockchain technology is not always the optimal decision for the FPSC, which is related to the consumersâ acceptance degree for the product without blockchain technology, the deterioration rate of the fresh product and the allocation proportion of traceability cost of FPSC members when adopting blockchain technology. Regardless of the power and status of each member in the FPSC, it can lead the construction of the BTS. From the perspective of whole FPSCâs profit maximisation, the leader of the FPSC should lead the construction of the BTS under the coordination of a two-part tariff contract. This study provides valuable insights for FPSCs to adopt blockchain technology.
The tourism industry is increasingly influenced by the evolution of information and communication technologies (ICT), which are revolutionizing the way people travel. In this work we want to investigate the use of innovative IT technologies by DMOs (Destination Management Organizations), focusing on blockchain technology, both from the point of view of research in the field, and in the study of the most relevant software projects. In particular, we intend to verify the benefits offered by these IT tools in the management and monitoring of a destination, without forgetting the implications for the other stakeholders involved. These technologies, in fact, can offer a wide range of services that can be useful throughout the life cycle of the destination.
This paper considers a supply chain consisting of a manufacturer and a retailer. The manufacturer sells its products through the retailer and an online platform and adopts green technology in the blockchain era. The platform can operate with marketplace mode or reselling mode. The network effect is considered to reflect the power of the platform to enlarge the potential market size. In the decentralised supply chain, the online platform encroaches the offline demand despite the same retail price. The increase of the network coefficient improves the abatement level, and benefits the manufacturer and the platform but damages the retailerâs profit. For the supply chain coordination, the abatement level with reselling mode in the centralised supply chain is less than that in the decentralised supply chain if the network coefficient is high. Both marketplace mode and reselling mode can coordinate the supply chain if the network coefficient is low. Blockchain technology helps the products become greener and brings more profits for the manufacturer and the platform. And it induces supply chain coordination. Based on real data of a supply chain, its profit is increased by 3% after coordination.
Aaron M. Shew, Heather A. Snell, Rodolfo M. Nayga, Mary C. Lacity
Abstract Blockchain (BC) technology, defined as a shared information system to validate, secure, and permanently store transactions among multiple parties on a distributed ledger, presents many applications in agricultural and food industries. This study examines the application of BC in food traceability for beef in the United States using a choice experiment. Findings indicate that consumers value USDA certifications over BC traceability to guide their meat preferences. Our study suggests a number of industry implications, the most important of which suggests focusing business and consumer education on the value of product data, rather than on the value of the technologies that manage data.
The purpose of this research study is to analyze the exploratory study of the adoption of Bitcoin cryptocurrency based on blockchain technology and its use as a means of payment in companies. This research is exploratory in nature. As such, an adoption model was investigated using the technology acceptance model (TAM) which was extended with new variables. The sample was made up of business executives from companies and commercial establishments (n = 248). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was chosen as the analysis and evaluation technique for the model. The authors demonstrated that privacy has an important influence on perceived utility, and that trust has a very significant influence on privacy and perceived ease of use, thus indirectly affecting the intention to use cryptocurrencies.
Purpose This paper aims to identify barriers toward the adoption of blockchain (BC) technology in Indian health-care industry and also examines the significant issues of BC applications in health-care industry. Design/methodology/approach The barriers of the study are identified by two phases including the review of literature and semistructured interviews with hospital staff and administration operating in India. The experts ( N = 15) are being taken from top-level management, IT experts and patients from the hospitals. The study implemented integrated total interpretative structural modeling-FUZZY-Cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification (TISM-FUZZY-MICMAC) methods for identifying the interrelationship among the barriers. Findings A total of 15 barriers have been determined in the Indian health-care industry through discussion with the selected experts. TISM is applied to develop multilevel structure for BC barriers. Further, FUZZY-MICMAC has been used to compute driving and dependent barriers. The findings suggest that low awareness related to legal issues and low support from high level of management have maximum driving power. Research limitations/implications The present study applies multicriterion approach to identify the limited barriers in BC adoption in health care. Future studies may develop the relationship and mark down the steps for implementation of BC in health-care setting of a developing economy. Empirical study can be conducted to verify the results along with selected case studies. Practical implications The present study identifies the BC adoption barriers in health-care industry. The study examines the pertinent issues in context to major support required, bottlenecks in adoption, key benefits of adoption planning and activities. The technology adoption practices are expected to provide applications such as distributed, secured medical and clinical data and patient centric systems that will enhance the efficiency of the health-care industry. Originality/value The study is among few primary studies that identify and analyze the BC adoption in health-care industry.
Using blockchain technology in digital marketing is still a budding concept. Hence, this chapter aims to do a systematic review of research published on this topic from 2015 to 2021 (Q1). The chapter will look to uncover the various impacts of using blockchain technology on digital marketing. Impacts include (but are not limited to) improving digital marketing security, countering click fraud, developing trust and transparency, and creating loyalty programs. Moreover, the chapter will also present future research propositions to further investigate blockchain applications in the realm of digital marketing.
Leonor Jardim, Samuel Pranto, Pedro Ruivo, Tiago Oliveira
This paper aims to identify the main drivers for Blockchain adoption within Supply Chains, following the Design Science Research (DSR) methodology and focusing on defining, validating, and reducing a myriad of factors with the aid of experts on both fields. Based on the literature review, and through means of questionnaires, factors were rated and refuted according to the relevance given. Two rounds narrowed the results, and upon consensus nine drivers were identified fitting under two categories: Challenges and Incentives. Considering the results are based on a limited number of factors, and the impact of firm-level influences were disregarded, respondentâs perceptions could have slightly varied if the sample of participants differed. Overall, it provides academics with a theoretical framework combining existing literature into a set of drivers. Providing insights to vendors on how their reputation may influence clientsâ adoption, whilst fulfilling a literature gap in the supply chain area.
In order to research how to promote online shopping consumersâ application of after service, build an evolutionary game model of both consumers and e-stores. This paper introduces the variables of supervision and punishment, tries to introduce the smart contract as a powerful service guarantee, and analyzes the influence relationship of variables between the two players and their strategic choices. This paper analyzes the ESS of the system when the relationship among smart contract, revenue, supervision and punishment meets 8 different conditions. Finally, giving suggestions to optimize the after service in online shopping according to the results.
In today's world, society has become totally digitalized where technology is playing a very important role in everyone's life. Blockchain is a method that is useful in recording information and makes its difficult to change, hack, or fraud system. A blockchain is fundamentally a digital ledger of volume of transactions that is distributed across the overall network of IT system on the blockchain. This technology acts as a reliable layer in the evolution of e-commerce. Walmart has been working with IBM on a food safety blockchain solution to add transparency to the decentralized food supply ecosystem by digitizing the food supply chain process. This chapter will cover the concept and origin/emergence of blockchain technology and implications of blockchain technology in supply chain (Walmart), the significance and role of blockchain technology for the users and the stakeholders, the implications for the users, challenges faced by Walmart during the adoption of blockchain technology, and the approachability of Walmart to IBM for the implication of blockchain to their organization.
This chapter explores the role of cryptocurrency in digital marketing. Throughout the most recent years, cryptocurrency has developed, both in worth and ubiquity. Indeed, numerous industry leaders trust that cryptocurrency can change money and promote it until the end of time. In any case, as computerized cash, bitcoin turns out to be more ordinary ; cryptocurrency may introduce a few issues for advertisers hoping to gather shopper information. The cryptocurrency market is an appropriate environment dependent on the distributed network innovation. Decentralization is a distinguishing characteristic of this framework, and it is an impression of how there is no national bank or another case that authorizes power over the organization. The exchanges are led and checked to employ an appropriated blockchain system that relies upon clients' assets called diggers.
Horst Treiblmaier, Daniel Leung, Andrei O. J. Kwok, Aaron Tham
Blockchain technologies are predicted to substantially transform the tourism industry. At present, cryptocurrencies are the most advanced application of public blockchains that promise benefits such as a universal means of payment and minimal fees through the removal of intermediaries. In the tourism industry, though many tourism vendors have been accepting cryptocurrencies and the potential of using cryptocurrencies in travel-related consumption has been intensively documented, existing knowledge about travellersâ intention to use cryptocurrencies for payment purposes is limited. Traditional models do not account for the idiosyncrasies of cryptocurrencies and are therefore less appropriate to foster the understanding of travellersâ adoption of travel-related payments. To fill this knowledge gap, an exploratory study was conducted with 161 travellers from the Asia-Pacific region who have previously consumed travel-related services with cryptocurrencies. Their previous usage experiences are analysed and reported. Through harnessing the correspondence analysis, several technological contingency factors were identified, as well as positive and negative perceptual antecedents. Additionally, their levels of satisfaction and intention to re-use the technology in future trips were investigated. Based on these findings, several propositions are suggested for guiding future research on travellersâ cryptocurrency adoption in the travel and tourism contexts.
Purpose This paper investigates the impact of blockchain technology on the Bricks and Mortar (B&M) grocery sector from a technological and functional perspective. Design/methodology/approach The research adopted an exploratory research design and the data comprises 17 semi-structured interviews with personnel at the top grocery retail chains in the United States, for example, Wal-Mart, Tesco, Stop and Shop and Meijer. Additionally, two major US-based blockchain service providers are included â SumatoSoft and Accubits. Findings Blockchain technology affects the business processes of B&M grocery retail by offering payment via tokens, secure payments and contracts between stakeholders, an end-to-end solution in the supply chain and secure management of the stock. However, this process is hampered by a number of challenges such as integrity and security concerns, difficulty in adapting sound logistics, lack of adequate skills and resistance to change by store managers and employees. This can be addressed by imparting education/training and creating awareness about the benefits of blockchain and generating industry-wide collaboration in which regulations can work. Practical implications The research has benefits for B&M grocery stores, governments and the wider society. For example, the findings of this study will help B&M grocery retailers to confront the competition by online retailers such as Amazon, AliExpress or eBay and promote the development of a systematic collaboration to achieve the changes they need. Originality/value The study is original and innovative in that no research to date has focused on how blockchain can help the B&M grocery sector and address its challenges.
Hee Jin Kim, Ji Sun Hong, Hyunchan Hwang, Sun Mi Kim · 5 authors
Bitcoin has unique characteristics that have inspired people to invest in it as well as distinct drawbacks. With a rapid increase in Bitcoin prices in the short term, more investors enthusiastically began investing in it, raising concerns about a speculative bubble. This study investigated the multiple factors involved in the Bitcoin craze despite concerns about its shortcomings. In what concerns to personality traits and psychological states, online use patterns, and investment patterns, we first hypothesized that Bitcoin investors would show differences in multiple factors when compared to share investors. Based on our assumptions about these differences, we secondly hypothesized that investorsâ personality, psychological states, and investment patterns could predict whether they would invest in Bitcoin or shares. In total, 307 respondents completed the research protocol and were sorted into Bitcoin investors (n = 101), share investors (n = 102), and non-investors (n = 104). A self-report questionnaire on demographic data, online use patterns, investment patterns as well as the Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) scale, Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised-Short (TCI-RS), Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ), trait anxiety part of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-T), and the Korean version of the Canadian Problem Gambling Index (K-CPGI) were administered. The results of this study indicated that Bitcoin investments can be attributed to the interaction of multiple factors, among which personality, psychological states, and investment patterns are particularly important. Specifically, the investment pattern is the strongest predictive factor for Bitcoin investment. Bitcoin investors were distinct with regard to higher novelty seeking, higher gambling tendencies, and unique investment patterns. Thus, personality, psychological states, and investment patterns could explain the substantial investments in Bitcoin.