Follow blockchain research across journals, conferences, and preprint repositories.
3,460 results · page 108 of 145
Andreea-Elena Drăgnoiu, Ruxandra F. Olimid, Alin Ştefănescu
No abstract is available for this record.
Jay Bergeron, Anh M. Nguyen, Casey Ryan Alt, Nicole Brewster · 11 authors
Objective: Biomedical data processing generally requires the secure stepwise transfer of sensitive personal information across multiple parties. Mediating such operations using distributed secure digital ledgers, i.e., blockchains, is investigated in this article. Materials and Methods: The bitmark property rights blockchain was used to simulate the process of assessing individuals for enrollment to specific clinical trials. In the scenario presented, a sponsor publishes a recruitment call for a clinical trial and patients signal their willingness to participate in the trial through blockchain transactions. The blockchain creates and maintains digital references of the medical data assets of prospective study participants as well as digital property certificates for assigning access rights to corresponding medical data assets. Trial matching services review the patient blockchain records and recommend study participants that are likely to meet the enrollment criteria of recruiting clinical trials. Digital certificates assign transient access rights to the data assets of the prospective study participants. These certificates are transferred to pertinent matching services and sponsors, allowing these organizations to examine the candidacy of each prospective study participant. Results: The trial matching simulation demonstrates that property rights blockchains can implement complicated multiparty interactions, such as those associated with medical data exchange, without supplemental peer-to-peer communications. Conclusions: Blockchain-based data marketplaces of the type described, when coupled with data-controlled virtual infrastructure environments (i.e., Medical Data Trusts), provide a viable model for managing the transfer, provenance, and processing of individual health information.
Marinos Themistocleous, Klitos Christodoulou, Elias Iosif, Soulla Louca · 5 authors
Blockchain is an emerging exponential technology that disrupts the existing way of doing business. During the last 10 years its importance has been highlighted and many organizations worldwide have embraced it and developed innovative applications. Even though Blockchain has been adopted by many sectors, Universities are reluctant to propose new academic programs on this field at bachelor and postgraduate level and fail to efficiently educate students on Blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies. Consequently, universities have failed to investigate the business, technical, legal and other aspects of this technology. As a result, we have the paradox where industry and economy would like to experiment and adopt Blockchain solutions but there is a lack of people with appropriate and adequate skills to work on these solutions. Obviously, this holds back the adoption and the widespread of this technology and currently there are problems in scaling up Blockchain technology. The goal of this paper is to explore the area of Blockchain education and training and propose the structure of a master program that can be used as a model. In doing so, we expand the body of knowledge and we shed light to an important area with limited available information and use cases.
Jalla Manikanta Swamy, Keyur Parmar
No abstract is available for this record.
Tom Lichtenstein, Simon Siegert, Adriatik Nikaj, Mathias Weske
No abstract is available for this record.
Demetris Trihinas
No abstract is available for this record.
Weijun Ao, Shaojing Fu, Chao Zhang, Ming Xu
No abstract is available for this record.
Xiaodong Yang, Guilan Chen, Meiding Wang, Ting Li · 5 authors
As a quite attractive secure search mechanism in cloud environments, searchable encryption allows encrypted files to be searched by keyword and does not reveal any information about original data files. However, most existing searchable encryption schemes only support single keyword ciphertext retrieval, and they cannot resist against inside keyword guessing attacks. Besides, the previous schemes rarely focus on integrity verification and fair transactions without any third party. Focusing on these problems, we propose a multi-keyword certificateless searchable public key authenticated encryption scheme based on blockchain. We use certificateless cryptosystem to encrypt keywords, which avoids the problems of certificate management in traditional cryptosystem and key escrow in identity-based cryptosystem. Our scheme also supports multi-keyword search, which locates encrypted files precisely and returns the desired files. Moreover, we upload the real encrypted files to the cloud server, while the encrypted indexes are put in blockchain, which ensures the anti-tampering, integrity and traceability of the encrypted indexes. The anti-tampering of blockchain also ensures that users can receive accurate search results without any third party verification. Furthermore, we utilize smart contract to track monetary rewards, which enables fair transactions between data owners and users without any trusted third party. We prove that the proposed scheme is secure against inside keyword guessing attacks in the random oracle model. Finally, our performance evaluation shows that the proposed scheme has higher computational performance than other related schemes.
Tommaso Crepax, Siddharth Prakash Rao
No abstract is available for this record.
Randhir Kumar, Rakesh Tripathi
No abstract is available for this record.
Gabin Heo, Dana Yang, Inshil Doh, Kijoon Chae
The Blockchain, which has attracted attention as the core technology of the fourth industrial revolution, is a form of distributed database as an open ledger. It has the characteristics of integrity, transparency, and confidentiality, and it is currently applied in various fields such as logistics, automobiles, industries, and medical care. Especially in the environment of trading digital content, which is an important asset in the information age, blockchain is attracting attention as a new solution to solve the existing problems(illegal copying, profit distribution, forgery, etc.). However, when the blockchain is integrated into the digital content trading environment, it is difficult to upload the content to the blockchain network due to the limited capacity of the blockchain. In addition, since the integrity and transparency of blockchain is pointed out as a weak point in terms of personal information, it is not suitable for incorporating blockchain into this environment. In this paper, we propose a blockchain, the SBBC(Secret Block based BlockChain), which solves the existing problems of blockchain and digital content trading environment. And we will build a safe and reliable digital content trading environment using WBFT(Weight of authentication Byzantine Fault Tolerance), a consensus algorithm used in the environment.
Guohua Gan, E Chen, Zhiyuan Zhou, Yan Zhu
Traditional centralized access control has some shortcomings in robustness, trustworthiness and circulation. Blockchains have the advantages of fault tolerance and trust. Smart contracts have the characteristics of automatic execution and flexible expansion. Tokens can well record credential information and transfer easily. In this paper, blockchain, smart contract and token are integrated and applied to access control to solve the shortcomings of traditional access control. First, access control, blockchain, smart contract and token are briefly described. Second, this paper proposes a solution by giving the general data structure of access control token, elaborating the equivalence, split, merge and verification algorithms of access control token, and explaining the system architecture of token-based access control. Last, this paper uses a token-based access control simulation system to verify that token-based access control has certain comparative advantages in robustness, trustworthiness, circulation, concurrency and so on.
Xiaochen Zheng, Jinzhi Lu, Shengjing Sun, Dimitris Kiritsis
No abstract is available for this record.
Gabriel Bello, Alfredo J. Pérez
No abstract is available for this record.
Abdullah Al Mamun, Abdullah Al Mamun, Sheikh Riad Hasan, Sheikh Riad Hasan · 10 authors
The know your customer or know your client (KYC) is a guideline for the banking system to validate a customer using identity, appropriateness, risk assessment in establishing a banking relationship. With the growing concern of security, the KYC process is complex and involves a high cost for completing for a single customer. In this work, we propose an economical, swift, secure, and transparent platform for KYC document verification for the Banking system through InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) and blockchain technology. The proposed system allows a customer to open an account at one Bank, complete the KYC process there, and generate a hash value using the IPFS network and share it using the blockchain technique. Upon receiving the private key, any Bank/financial organization can retrieve, store customer data (i.e., KYC) securely using IPFS network if the customer wishes to open another account in that Bank/financial organization. The proposed system can save time, money, and repetitive work during the KYC process when someone tries to open an account at multiple Banks.
Mohammad Madine, Khaled Salah, Raja Jayaraman, Ibrar Yaqoob · 7 authors
Patients are becoming aware of the importance of taking secure control and managing access over their medical data, thereby leading to the rise in the adoption of personal health record (PHR) systems. However, today's PHR systems fall short in providing secure and trustable data sharing and access facilities to patients when they are in emergency situations or temporarily incapacitated. Also, the existing PHR systems are centralized and vulnerable to the single point of failure problem. Integrating PHR systems with blockchain technology can help to overcome such limitations. In this paper, we propose a blockchain-based PHR architecture that employs smart contracts to implement multi-party authorization (MPA) and threshold cryptographic schemes to automate secure and trustable medical data sharing and access in PHR systems. Moreover, we mitigate the limited storage and computation capabilities of blockchain by using InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) storage and reputation-governed trusted oracles into the proposed architecture. MPA and threshold cryptographic schemes allow the patient to split and share a secret key with a set of trusted parties, such as the healthcare regulatory agency, guardians, and hospitals, in such a way that they can collectively decide on sharing medical data on behalf of patients. We present algorithms along with their full smart contract function implementation details. We evaluate the robustness and performance of our solution by performing correctness verification and cost analysis. Furthermore, we evaluate the proposed approach in terms of security, generalization, and limitation aspects to find out its feasibility and practicality. We make our smart contract code publicly available on GitHub.
Fatima Tariq, Zahoor Ali Khan, Tanzeela Sultana, Mubariz Rehman · 6 authors
No abstract is available for this record.
Andreas Lochbihler, Ognjen Marić
Merkle trees are ubiquitous in blockchains and other distributed ledger technologies (DLTs). They guarantee that the involved systems are referring to the same binary tree, even if each of them knows only the cryptographic hash of the root. Inclusion proofs allow knowledgeable systems to share subtrees with other systems and the latter can verify the subtrees' authenticity. Often, blockchains and DLTs use data structures more complicated than binary trees; authenticated data structures generalize Merkle trees to such structures. We show how to formally define and reason about authenticated data structures, their inclusion proofs, and operations thereon as datatypes in Isabelle/HOL. The construction lives in the symbolic model, i.e., we assume that no hash collisions occur. Our approach is modular and allows us to construct complicated trees from reusable building blocks, which we call Merkle functors. Merkle functors include sums, products, and function spaces and are closed under composition and least fixpoints. As a practical application, we model the hierarchical transactions of Canton, a practical interoperability protocol for distributed ledgers, as authenticated data structures. This is a first step towards formalizing the Canton protocol and verifying its integrity and security guarantees.
Amal Abid, Saoussen Cheikhrouhou, Mohamed Jmaïel
No abstract is available for this record.
Jayamine Alupotha, Xavier Boyen, Ernest Foo
No abstract is available for this record.
Armando Ruggeri, Maria Fazio, Antonio Celesti, Massimo Villari
No abstract is available for this record.
Byeong-Seop Kim, Myungsoo Kim, Jongpil Jeong
No abstract is available for this record.
Emanuele Cisbani
No abstract is available for this record.
Xiaodong Yang, Ting Li, Wanting Xi, Aijia Chen · 5 authors
The sharing of electronic health records (EHRs) has shown great advantages in the accurate treatment of patients and the development of medical institutions. However, it is easy to cause some security problems in the process of medical data sharing. Generally, after a patient's EHRs are generated by different medical institutions, they are outsourced to the cloud server (CS) by the authorized medical institutions for storage, which causes the patient to lose control of EHRs. Moreover, malicious medical institutions and semi-trusted cloud servers may collude to tamper with EHRs to seek benefits, which threatens the integrity of EHRs. Therefore, we propose a blockchain-assisted verifiable outsourced attribute-based signcryption scheme (BVOABSC) which realizes the secure sharing of EHRs in a multi-authority cloud storge environment. Firstly, we use the attribute-based signcryption algorithm to realize the confidentiality and unforgeability of the EHRs and protect the privacy of the signer. Secondly, it greatly reduces the computational burden of users by using verifiable outsourcing computation mechanism. Most of the designcryption calculation is performed by the cloud server, and the correctness of the generated partial designcryption ciphertext is verified by users. Furthermore, we use blockchain technology to protect outsourced EHRs from tampering by illegal users. Specifically, each operation on outsourced EHRs is stored as a transaction on the public blockchain, which ensures that EHRs cannot be modified. At the same time, the auditor can verify the integrity of the outsourced EHRs by checking the corresponding transactions. In addition, the smart contract created by the patient can solve the problems in cloud storage, such as tampering EHRs and returning incorrect results. Finally, security analysis and performance evaluation show that the proposed BVOABSC scheme satisfies stronger security and higher efficiency than similar schemes.