Blockchain Papers

Wei-Meng Lee

Now that you have seen how Smart Contract works and how to interact with them through the use of the web3.js APIs, it is now a good time to explore an application from end to end – from the Smart Contract to the front end, and perhaps give you some ideas for building your own decentralized applications.

Wei-Meng Lee

If you have been following the previous chapters, you should now have a pretty good understanding of Ethereum Smart Contracts and how to interact with them through the web3.js APIs.

Wei-Meng Lee

In the previous chapter, you saw how to use web3.js to interact with your deployed Smart Contract. Using web3.js, you were able to connect to an Ethereum node (through MetaMask, or directly to an Ethereum node such as Ganache running locally on your computer). Using the document notarizer example, you were able to

Wei-Meng Lee

In the previous chapters, you have learned the basics of Smart Contracts and how to deploy them onto the blockchain. So far, all interactions with the Smart Contracts have been through the Remix IDE. While the Remix IDE provides an easy way for developers to test their Smart Contracts, it is not suitable for use by end users. To allow end users to interact with your Smart Contracts, you need to build front end that hides the complexity of interacting with the Smart Contracts in the back end. For this purpose, you need an API.

Shinichiro Tsuchiya, Issaku Yamada, Kiyoko F. Aoki‐Kinoshita

MOTIVATION: Glycans are biomolecules that take an important role in the biological processes of living organisms. They form diverse, complicated structures such as branched and cyclic forms. Web3 Unique Representation of Carbohydrate Structures (WURCS) was proposed as a new linear notation for uniquely representing glycans during the GlyTouCan project. WURCS defines rules for complex glycan structures that other text formats did not support, and so it is possible to represent a wide variety glycans. However, WURCS uses a complicated nomenclature, so it is not human-readable. Therefore, we aimed to support the interpretation of WURCS by converting WURCS to the most basic and widely used format IUPAC. RESULTS: In this study, we developed GlycanFormatConverter and succeeded in converting WURCS to the three kinds of IUPAC formats (IUPAC-Extended, IUPAC-Condensed and IUPAC-Short). Furthermore, we have implemented functionality to import IUPAC-Extended, KEGG Chemical Function (KCF) and LinearCode formats and to export WURCS. We have thoroughly tested our GlycanFormatConverter and were able to show that it was possible to convert all the glycans registered in the GlyTouCan repository, with exceptions owing only to the limitations of the original format. The source code for this conversion tool has been released as an open source tool. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: https://github.com/glycoinfo/GlycanFormatConverter.git. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

Priyank Singhal

Ubiquitous sensing enabled by Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technologies cuts across many areas of modern day living. This offers the ability to measure, infer and understand environmental indicators, from delicate ecologies and natural resources to urban environments. The proliferation of these devices in a communicating–actuating network creates the Internet of Things (IoT), wherein sensors and actuators blend seamlessly with the environment around us, and the information is shared across platforms in order to develop a common operating picture (COP). Fueled by the recent adaptation of a variety of enabling wireless technologies such as RFID tags and embedded sensor and actuator nodes, the IoT has stepped out of its infancy and is the next revolutionary technology in transforming the Internet into a fully integrated Future Internet. As we move from www (static pages’ web) to web2 (social networking web) to web3 (ubiquitous computing web), the need for data-on-demand using sophisticated intuitive queries increases significantly. This paper presents a Cloud centric vision for worldwide implementation of Internet of Things. The key enabling technologies and application domains that are likely to drive IoT research in the near future are discussed.

Thanh Long Nhat Dang, Minh Son Nguyen

Nowadays, numerous applications of smart home systems provide recommendations for users, including reducing their energy consumption, warnings of defective devices, selecting reliable devices and software, diagnoses, etc [1]. The internet connected, dynamic and heterogeneous nature of the smart home environment creates new security, authentication, and privacy challenges [2]. To solve those challenges, an approach to data privacy in smart home using blockchain technology, which is called smart home based the IoT-Blockchain (SHIB), is proposed in this paper. In order to demonstrate the proposed architecture, an experimental scenario using Ganache, Remix, and web3. js is built among the user, service provider, and smart home to evaluate the performance of the smart contract in the SHIB. Based on the experiment results, the SHIB architecture brings the advantages like data privacy, trust access control, and high extension ability. In addition, the comparison between the proposed architecture and existing models in different parameters such as smart contract, the privacy of data, usage of tokens, updating the policies, and misbehavior judging are performed.

Md Sadique Shaikh

Ubiquitous sensing enabled by Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technologies cuts across many areas of modern day living.This offers the ability to measure, infer and understand environmental indicators, from delicate ecologies and natural resources to urban environments.The proliferation of these devices in a communicating-actuating network creates the Internet of Things (IoT), wherein, sensors and actuators blend seamlessly with the environment around us, and the information is shared across platforms in order to develop a common operating picture (COP).Fuelled by the recent adaptation of a variety of enabling device technologies such as RFID tags and readers, near field communication (NFC) devices and embedded sensor and actuator nodes, the IoT has stepped out of its infancy and is the next revolutionary technology in transforming the Internet into a fully integrated Future Internet.As we move from www (static pages web) to web2 (social networking web) to web3 (ubiquitous computing web), the need for data-on-demand using sophisticated intuitive queries increases significantly.This paper gives very interesting understanding with IoT discussed with making as simple as possible not with the intention to reach concept only up to readers but to become understandable and friendly at students level with some text and basic models.

Vishnu Prasad Ranganthan, Ram Dantu, Aditya Paul, Paula Faye Mears · 5 authors

Modern centralized online marketplaces such as eBay offer an alternative option for consumers to both sell and purchase goods with relative ease. However, drawbacks to these marketplaces include the platform's ability to block merchants at their own whim, the fees paid to the platform when listing a product and when selling a product, and the lack of privacy of users' data. In this paper, we propose an application that remedies all three of these drawbacks through use of the Ethereum blockchain platform. The application was developed using the Truffle development framework. The application's functions were contained within an Ethereum smart contract, which was then migrated to the Ethereum network. The user's input was read through a web interface and sent to the Ethereum network via the web3.js API. Statistics about the application were gathered on the Rinkeby test network. The application was shown to have an average transaction runtime of 3.8 seconds, and an average gas consumption of 4.6 wei. Contract creation times for the application were shown to be less than a second. A cost analysis of the application was then conducted. The gas consumption of the transactions needed to both buy and sell a product was converted into US dollars, and the gas cost of the application was then compared to the cost to use an online auction marketplace such as eBay as well as an in-person auction house such as Sotheby's. The results showed that selling on the application is cheaper than existing online options as well as existing in-person options. These tests showed that our application was successful in addressing the drawbacks of current auction marketplaces.

Tahereh Koohi-Var, Morteza Zahedi

With the increasing of using workflow management systems workflow improvement becomes a new emerging problem. Many issues must be considered to handle all aspects of the workflow improvement. Workflows might become quite complex, especially when we move to Web3 (ubiquitous computing web). Workflows from different domains (e.g., scientific or business) have similarities and, more important, differences between themselves. Some concepts and solutions developed in one domain may be readily applicable to the other. In ubiquitous computing, multi-domain workflow data analysis might cause Big Data challenge. This paper investigates the problem of workflow improvement having an observed behavior (i.e., event logs). It proposes a cross-domain concept extraction by similarity assessment to solve some aspects of workflow improvement problem, and it has a new research effort at the intersection of workflow domains. Besides, the proposed technique is evaluated with the benefit of using Deep learning and Transfer learning. One of the greatest assets to use these both learning methods is analyzing a massive amount of data. Our results show that our proposed technique is effectively applicable for analyzing real-life huge data in workflow improvement.

Keith A. Quesenberry

"This essential guide to marketing, advertising, and PR unlocks current strategies to build and leverage consumer influence across social media. The fourth edition features concise, graphics-oriented sections that get students creating content early. Updates throughout complement new sections on AI and Web3 and updated online ancillaries"--

Seong Seok Choi, Jin Wook Burm, Wonjin Sung, Ju Wook Jang · 5 authors

We implement a scheme to securely control IoT devices using smart contracts which resides on blockchain. Our implementation provides guaranteed authentication, nonrepudiation and integrity without any central administration. We illustrate how a smart contract works in conjunction with a blockchain to prevent any tempering from possible intruders. We implement ethereum nodes on Raspberry Pi using node.js and web3 library.

Lun Li, Jiqiang Liu, Lichen Cheng, Shuo Qiu · 7 authors

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) play a vital role in enabling smart transportation systems by facilitating communication between vehicles. However, existing vehicular announcement systems face two major challenges: preserving user privacy and motivating users to share reliable traffic information. In this paper, we propose CreditCoin, a privacy-presing blockchain-based incentive announcement network. The system utilizes an anonymous vehicular announcement aggregation protocol combined with blockchain technology to ensure secure, tamper-resistant, and decentralized communication. Users can broadcast traffic updates anonymously while earning incentives for participation, thereby improving network reliability. A Trace Manager enables conditional privacy by identifying malicious users without compromising honest participants. The proposed system is implemented using Python, Web3, and a simulated VANET environment. Experimental results demonstrate improved efficiency, reduced computation time, and enhanced data reliability compared to traditional approaches. This work contributes toward secure and incentive-driven communication in smart transportation systems. In this paper, we propose CreditCoin, a privacy-preserving blockchain-based incentive announcement network. The system utilizes an anonymous vehicular announcement aggregation protocol combined with blockchain technology to ensure secure, tamper-resistant, and decentralized communication. Users can broadcast traffic updates anonymously while earning incentives for participation, thereby improving network reliability. A Trace Manager enables conditional privacy by identifying malicious users without compromising honest participants. Keywords— VANET; Blockchain; Privacy Preservation; Incentive Mechanism; Smart Vehicles; CreditCoin

Ιωάννης Μιχαήλ, Ioannis Michail

Throughout the history of mankind, trusted relationships have played a vital part in every
\ntransaction humans have made. Those transactions belong to a spectrum that starts from
\neveryday life decisions and acts, to a more complex, sensitive and wide area that even nations
\nare involved.
\nBefore the era of globalization of telecommunications that we live in, achieving trust was
\nmore related to human relations. Even though that the meaning of trust is known to all, it is
\nhard to find a definition that strictly describes it.
\nTrust is multidimensional, multidisciplinary and multifaceted concept. Many definitions can
\nbe found in literature and are related to notions as goodness, strength, reliability, integrity,
\nability or character of a person or thing. A trust relationship involves two parties, a trustor
\nand a trustee. The trustor is the person that holds confidence, belief on the reliability of
\nanother person or thing which is the other party, the trustee. (Zheng & Valtteri Niemi,
\nTowards User Driven Trust Modeling and Management, 2009)
\nHow though trust is established in modern computer networks, where the notions of the
\ntrustor and trustee are not represented by strictly humans, but from entities that might never
\nhave had a relationship upon the trust can be build.
\nIn this project we will study the achievement of trust in traditional kinds of networks such as
\nad-hoc, mobile and wireless and we will examine the ability to elevate the trust level in a
\ncomputer network using the under development and mostly promising blockchain network.
\nThe network is going to be setup as a private blockchain network, where all the nodes that
\nconsist it, will be pre-set from an administrative team. The computers that will participate will
\nhave all the requirements in order to connect to the private network running as services on
\nboot.
\nThe application will run on each node and on starting the application the very first check will
\nbe to start the node and connect to the network. Only if the network has been found and the
\nnode is connected to it, the application proceeds with checking the presence of web3js and
\nonly after successfully checking the communication of the web3js with the network, the user
\nis prompt with the login page.
\nThe authorization of the user is checked upon a smart contract on the blockchain network
\nand after a successfully prompt from the smart contract, the credentials are checked, in our
\ncase, on a fake backend where a JWT token is issued to the user in order to use the application
\ndepending on the role that he has.

Floarea Nãstase, Andrei Marius Mihalache, Paul Dan Marinescu, Ionut Minciuna

The Internet of Things (IoT) pervades any device that has or that can be upgraded with an Internet connection capability. IoT has become a key concept linking uniquely identifiable things to their virtual representations over the Internet. Currently, this approach has spread widely throughout most of areas, enterprises or groups of people, on the thriving express lane provided by IPv6 protocol. This newer version of IP has more than enough addresses, about 3.4*10^38 addresses to serve all IP networking needs for the foreseeable future when more than twenty-four billion smart things will be connected by 2020. As we move from www (static pages web) to web2 (social networking web) to web3 (ubiquitous computing web), the need for data-on-demand using sophisticated intuitive queries increases significantly.

B.T.J. Hooghiemstra, Nienke Smulders, C. van Nieuwenhuizen

🥇 ProtectedPool ➤ Web3 Smart DeFi Wallet 🔐 . Your New DeFi Experience:: 🔐 Secure, Smart, Simple. Double Approvals. Add extra confirmation of any transaction with 2FA solutions including Google Authenticator or hardware security keys. Self-custodial Solutions. Protected Pool is built on smart contracts that interact with wallets, not persons or companies. A new wallet - a new smart-contract. Zero Trust Protocol. No one can be trusted unless verified. Your wallet is the only way to get access to your funds.

Debajani Mohanty

Now that you have learned how to write and deploy smart contracts, in this chapter you’ll integrate a smart contract with a web front end. You can interact with a smart contract from your web front end through the Web3.js JavaScript libraries.

Mona Taghavi, Jamal Bentahar, Hadi Otrok, Kaveh Bakhtiyari

No abstract is available for this record.

Pavan N. Kunchur, Prasad Pujar, Khasgatesh Hiremath, Amodh Budnimath · 6 authors

The advancements of AI techniques and its transformation made an intelligent automated process using Internet of Things (IoT), machine optimization in various industrial applications. One of the notable change happens in the healthcare industry witnessed significant progress, leading to the emergence of Health 4.0. This new era encompasses a wide range of cutting-edge technologies including the Internet of Things (IoT), Internet of Services (IoS), Medical Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), Health Cloud, Health Fog etc. The largest barrier to electronic healthcare is securing all medical equipment that are connected to the internet. Blockchain, a distributed and immutable ledger or database, has gained popularity across various sectors, including healthcare, due to its efficiency and reliability by offering features such as decentralization, enhanced security, and immutability. This chapter aims to explore the advantages and challenges associated with implementing blockchain technology in healthcare 4.0 by providing factual evaluation of block chain's progress in healthcare.

Chris Berg, Sinclair Davidson, Jason Potts

No abstract is available for this record.

Christian Catalini, Joshua S. Gans

This paper explores how entrepreneurs can use fungible tokens—whereby they issue digital assets and commit to only accept those tokens as payment for future products or services—to fund venture development. We show that tokens can acquire value through a mechanism where entrepreneurs generate buyer competition by setting divide-the-money prices, despite lacking traditional equity-like cash flow rights. However, we uncover a fundamental tension: when ventures face ongoing operational costs, they must retain tokens to credibly commit to fair pricing, yet this conflicts with their need to sell tokens to raise development capital. We prove this leads to an impossibility result for simple token structures and demonstrate how observed practices such as vesting schedules, multi-stage offerings, and pre-committed buybacks resolve this tension. Our analysis reveals that while venture returns are independent of token supply growth, initial fundraising is maximized by setting that growth to zero. Beyond traditional ICOs, our model applies to various token-based financing mechanisms including layer-1 protocols, DeFi platforms, and Web3 applications, providing insight into how these mechanisms facilitate coordination among stakeholders in digital ecosystems.

Stephen Chan, Jeffrey Chu, Yuanyuan Zhang, Saralees Nadarajah

In financial trading, cryptocurrencies like bitcoin use decentralization, traceability, and anonymity features to perform transactional activities. These digital currencies, using the emerging blockchain technologies, are forming the basis of the largest unregulated markets in the world. This creates various regulatory challenges, including the illicit purchase of drugs and weapons, money laundering, and funding terrorist activities. This chapter analyzes various legal and ethical implications, their effects, and various solutions to overcome the inherent issues that are currently faced by the policymakers and regulators. The authors present the result of an analysis of 30 recently published peer-reviewed scientific publications and suggest various mechanisms that can help in the detection and prevention of illegal activities that currently account for a substantial proportion of cryptocurrency trading. They suggest methods and applications that can also be used to identify the dark marketplaces in the future.

Jason Potts, Ellie Rennie

No abstract is available for this record.

Huan‐Cheng Chang, Sheng-Wen Hong

No abstract is available for this record.