Đức An Nguyễn, Minh Thành Phí, Duc Dung Pham, Thị Hương Thơm Hồ
Ngành logistics hiện đại đang đối mặt với các thách thức về sự thiếu minh bạch, chi phí trung gian cao và khó khăn trong việc giải quyết tranh chấp khi giao hàng trễ hạn. Nghiên cứu này đề xuất và triển khai một ứng dụng phi tập trung (Decentralized Application - DApp) quản lý hợp đồng logistics trên nền tảng Blockchain Ethereum (mạng thử nghiệm Sepolia). Hệ thống sử dụng kiến trúc lai (Hybrid Architecture) kết hợp giữa Blockchain để xử lý thanh toán hoặc logic nghiệp vụ và IPFS để lưu trữ hồ sơ phi tập trung. Điểm mới của nghiên cứu là việc tích hợp cơ chế "Ký quỹ thông minh" (Smart Escrow) và "Phạt vi phạm tự động" (Automated Penalty) ngay trong hợp đồng thông minh (Smart Contract). Kết quả thực nghiệm cho thấy hệ thống đảm bảo tính toàn vẹn dữ liệu, tự động hóa hoàn toàn quy trình thanh toán dựa trên trạng thái giao hàng thực tế và xử lý chính xác các trường hợp vi phạm thời gian cam kết mà không cần sự can thiệp của bên thứ ba.AbstractThe modern logistics industry faces challenges regarding lack of transparency, high intermediary costs, and difficulties in resolving disputes over late deliveries. This study proposes and implements a decentralized application (DApp) for logistics contract management on the Ethereum Blockchain (Sepolia testnet). The system employs a Hybrid Architecture combining Blockchain for payment or business logic processing and IPFS for decentralized record storage. A novel feature of this research is the integration of "Smart Escrow" and "Automated Penalty" mechanisms directly within the Smart Contract. Experimental results demonstrate that the system ensures data integrity, fully automates the payment process based on actual delivery status, and accurately handles delivery deadline violations without third-party intervention.Keywords: Blockchain, Ethereum, smart contract, IPFS, Logistics, automated Penalty.
AI text-to-video systems, such as OpenAI’s Sora, promise substantial efficiency gains in media production but also pose risks of biased outputs, opaque optimization, and deceptive content. Using the Orientation–Stimulus–Orientation–Response (O-S-O-R) model, we conduct an empirical study with 209 Chinese new media professionals and employ structural equation modeling to examine how information elaboration relates to AI knowledge, perceptions, and adoption intentions. Our findings reveal a knowledge paradox: higher objective AI knowledge negatively moderates elaboration, suggesting that centralized information ecosystems can misguide even well-informed practitioners. Building on these behavioral insights, we propose a blockchain-based governance framework that operationalizes five mechanisms to enhance oversight and trust while maintaining efficiency: Expert Assessment DAOs, Community Validation DAOs, real-time algorithm monitoring, professional integrity protection, and cross-border coordination. While our study focuses on China’s substantial new media market, the observed patterns and design principles generalize to global contexts. This work contributes empirical grounding for Web3-enabled AI governance, specifies implementable smart-contract patterns for multi-stakeholder validation and incentives, and outlines a research agenda spanning longitudinal, cross-cultural, and implementation studies.
Supply chain finance, a critical tool for industrial chain coordination in the digital economy, faces challenges such as centralized identity authentication, data silos, and privacy risks, with traditional models constrained by single-point failures and inefficient data sharing.While blockchain's decentralized and tamper-proof features offer a solution, existing approaches often lack comprehensiveness.To address this, this study proposes two integrated solutions: first, the ZK-SCFI scheme, which leverages Merkle trees for identity storage, Paillier homomorphic encryption for pseudo-identity generation, and zero-knowledge proofs for privacy-preserving verification, effectively avoiding centralized risks and ensuring transaction non-associability; second, the TRU-SABE framework, combining blockchain and IPFS to enhance ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) with keyword search, user revocation, outsourced decryption, and malicious user tracking, addressing traditional limitations like high computational costs and scalability issues.Experiments demonstrate TRU-SABE's superior efficiency, with user-side decryption overhead reduced to 3TE and storage advantages from factor group structures for attribute keys and ciphertexts, while the hybrid architecture alleviates data silos and storage pressure.A prototype system built on Fisco Bcos consortium blockchain, Spring Boot backend, and Vue.js frontend validates core functionalities, including encrypted data sharing and smart contract-based traceability.This work provides a holistic privacy-preserving solution for supply chain finance, with future directions focusing on balancing privacy with regulatory compliance, optimizing multi-authority key management, and expanding system capabilities to enhance security and efficiency.
Against the background of the digital economy, the conventional matching strategy of supply and demand is unable to meet the requirements of matching supply and demand industrial interconnection with digitalization as the core element. To solve the trust problem of supply and demand matching contract of digital industrial interconnection, a decision-making framework of supply and demand matching of industrial interconnection based on smart contract is proposed. Based on the massive resource data, a resource characteristic attribute matrix is constructed, and the Fuzzy C-Means algorithm is used to classify and reduce the dimension of massive resource data. Based on the attribute expectation of supply and demand, the objective function with maximum satisfaction is created to realise bidirectional matching. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by an example.
Minh Tri Le, O. M. Harris, Charlotte Bennett, Fiona Greene
Amid the rapid development of Web3.0 technologies and blockchain infrastructures, the commercial real estate industry is experiencing a significant shift toward digitalization. This study proposes a tokenization framework for commercial real estate assets, grounded in the ERC-1400 standard. The system enables precise asset share registration via smart contracts and ensures regulatory compliance through on-chain KYC authentication and identity mapping mechanisms. To address liquidity challenges, an off-chain valuation oracle and a decentralized finance (DeFi) collateralization model are integrated into the architecture, enhancing the tradability of tokenized real estate assets. Simulation experiments and empirical analyses were conducted to evaluate title confirmation efficiency, asset liquidity, and operational controllability. The results demonstrate that, compared to conventional methods, the proposed system improved title confirmation efficiency by 99.6% (t = 327.4, p < 0.001), increased average daily transaction volume by 327% (χ² = 158.6, p < 0.001), achieved 100% transaction accuracy in 1,500 simulations, and successfully identified and intercepted 47 abnormal transactions via the KYC mechanism. These findings provide both a viable technical approach and theoretical basis for implementing real estate asset tokenization in practice, contributing to the secure and scalable integration of traditional assets into decentralized ecosystems.
This paper is dedicated to addressing the management challenge of fake transaction behavior in recommendation systems and proposes a novel solution that integrates smart contracts and blockchain technology. By delving into the decentralized nature of blockchain, the immutability of its data, and the automatic execution advantages of smart contracts—especially the anonymous transaction environment provided by the latter—it not only effectively protects the personal privacy of participants but also reduces transaction biases caused by differences in identity, thereby promoting a more fair and transparent transaction process. Taking the anti-fake transaction mechanism of e-commerce platforms as an example, this paper demonstrates the significant effectiveness of this technological combination in enhancing data reliability, enabling dynamic rule adjustments, and facilitating cross-platform collaboration. The study finds that this method can reduce the false transaction detection omission rate by 30% to 50%, while also enhancing the fairness of the recommendation system and the level of user trust. In addition, the paper discusses potential future directions for technological integration, such as privacy computing and federated learning, and provides corresponding legal compliance recommendations.
Against the backdrop of increasingly severe global climate change and environmental challenges, green finance, as a bridge connecting capital and sustainable development, is facing problems such as information asymmetry, transaction frictions and regulatory challenges. This study systematically explores the innovative applications of blockchain technology in the field of green finance and its economic effects. Through literature research and case analysis, we found that blockchain technology, with its characteristics of decentralization, immutability and smart contracts, has shown significant advantages in improving transparency, reducing transaction costs and alleviating the phenomenon of "greenwashing". Research shows that the application of blockchain in areas such as green bonds, carbon trading, renewable energy certification and green supply chain finance has produced economic benefits such as reduced financing costs, improved market efficiency and enhanced information transparency. This paper constructs a comprehensive assessment framework to provide guidance for policymakers and market participants to promote the innovative development of green finance.
In the context of global cross-border payments exceeding $150 trillion, traditional mediation architectures, such as SWIFT, face challenges due to high costs, inefficiencies, and fraud risks. However, blockchain technology become an important driver of innovation in cross-border payments with the characteristics of decentralization, real-time and immutable. This paper aims to answer two core questions: Blockchain technology how to improve the efficiency of cross-border payments through smart contracts, cross-chain protocols and other technical features? How to identify and prevent key risks such as private key security and regulatory conflicts? Through the logical framework of "technical basis - efficiency analysis - risk identification - prevention and control strategy", combined with case comparison (such as RippleNet and SWIFT) and quantitative data (such as Stellar network $0.01 / transaction cost). This paper systematically analyzes the role of blockchain in disintermediation, cost compression, and transparency optimization. Besides, the risks of technological vulnerabilities, regulatory fragmentation and market volatility are revealed. Then, this paper proposes a collaborative governance scheme of hybrid architecture, zero-knowledge proof and multilateral regulatory sandbox. Research finding, blockchain technology can reduce cross-border payment time to seconds and reduce costs by more than 90%, but it needs to deal with challenges such as throughput constraints, conflicting regulatory standards and the volatility of digital currencies. It is suggested that future research focus technology optimization, multilateral regulatory collaboration and market ecological integration, provide theoretical and practical support for building an efficient and secure global payment system.
Land serves as a crucial repository of resource elements, and enhancing the green use efficiency of urban land (GUEUL) is essential for attaining sustainable development. Based on 296 cities in China from 2006 to 2022, this study explored the relationship between land system innovation and GUEUL by integrating multi-source data, ArcGIS analysis, the EBM-DEA model, and the DID model, and elucidating the temporal trend and spatial utilization characteristics of GUEUL in China. Based on the natural experimental scenario of the pilot reform of China’s urban construction land use approval system, this study finds through in-depth analysis of the double-difference model that the vertical transfer of land approval authority has fundamentally optimized the development pattern of GUEUL, and that this positive impact is mainly reflected in two dimensions: on the one hand, it reduces the systematic transaction costs, and on the other hand, it enhances the density of industrial spatial agglomeration. Second, the lower the initial level of infrastructure and the lower the degree of dependence on land finance, the more significant the decentralization of land approval power in the promotion of GUEUL. Currently, China is undergoing a swift phase of urbanization and industrialization, and this study provides policy support for improving the comprehensive efficiency of green land use and promoting high-quality and sustainable development of the region.
This research investigates privacy protection mechanisms and data security policy optimization for blockchain-based digital rights management platforms to balance transparency with robust privacy protection. A comprehensive experimental framework was developed, integrating advanced cryptographic techniques with intelligent policy management systems. A multi-layered validation methodology employed formal verification, black-box/white-box testing, and stress tests to validate performance across security, efficiency, and usability dimensions. The implemented solution provided 99.99% security assurance while achieving a 47% improvement in processing efficiency through zero-knowledge proofs and homomorphic encryption. Transaction processing reached 3,750 TPS (peaking at 4,200 TPS), with 99.8% regulatory compliance and 99.9% automated policy conflict resolution. The research demonstrates significant advancements in blockchain-based privacy protection through novel cryptographic implementation and automated policy management, establishing a robust framework for secure digital rights management. This solution offers substantial value for content delivery networks, digital asset management systems, financial institutions, and government services where the balance between transparency and privacy is critical, while reducing compliance management costs.
Blockchain technology, characterized by its immutability, decentralization, transparency, security, and traceability, has shown vast potential for applications in secure IoT communications and data protection through its deployed smart contracts. While machine learning-based code generation systems aim to automate high-quality programming solutions, they face significant challenges when addressing blockchain-related issues. This paper analyzes the limitations of machine learning in identifying vulnerabilities within blockchain smart contracts and proposes robust solutions. To achieve this, this paper suggests organizing multiple security experts for labeling, developing efficient labeling tools, employing semi-supervised learning to reduce dependency on labeled data, and establishing a continuous update mechanism for labeled datasets to adapt to evolving threat landscapes. To address the scarcity of training samples in the blockchain domain, this paper introduces a method for generating additional Solidity smart contract training samples using data augmentation techniques. Given that traditional data augmentation methods are not suitable for Solidity, the approach involves converting Solidity contracts into Python code for processing, then reverting them back to Solidity post-augmentation, with provided code examples. Furthermore, leveraging established non-blockchain code to train blockchain-related models enhances model performance and generalization capabilities. These strategies effectively tackle the issue of insufficient training samples in the blockchain field and offer new perspectives on the conversion between Solidity and Python.
This paper comprehensively discusses the security mechanism of blockchain-based digital currency transactions, from the application of distributed ledgers, consensus algorithms, smart contracts, to the implementation of multiple signatures and cold storage schemes, to advanced privacy protection technologies, such as zero-knowledge proofs and homomorphic encryption. In particular, we delve into innovative mechanisms for attack prevention, including the fusion of heterogeneous multi-chain architectures with PoW+PoS hybrid consensus models. The article also details the practice of performance evaluation and security testing through a series of carefully designed experiments such as throughput and latency testing under different loads, resource utilization monitoring, and security reviews and comparisons with competitors. Experimental results show that the system exhibits good throughput growth under high load, but with the increase of latency, resource utilization is efficient and tends to saturation, most of the security protection mechanisms meet the standards, but access control problems that need to be optimized and high-risk vulnerabilities to be repaired are also found.
Utilizing the Ethereum Geth client, we constructed a consortium blockchain and developed a smart contract in the Solidity programming language.The smart contract encompasses three primary modules: system initialization,anti-counterfeiting information upload, and anti-counterfeiting information retrieval.Through the Remix Integrated Development Environment (IDE), the smart contract was successfully deployed onto the Ethereum blockchain network.To ascertain the robustness and security of the smart contract, we conducted exhaustive deployment and invocation tests using the Ganache testing software in conjunction with the MetaMask lightweight Ethereum wallet, thereby validating the reliability and efficacy of the functions for uploading and querying anti-counterfeiting information.
In response to the mandatory requirements of the EU Carbon Tariff and the New Battery Law for the full life cycle carbon management of Chinese battery enterprises, this paper takes CATL as a case to explore the construction path of a carbon footprint account driven by blockchain technology. Based on CATL's "Times Carbon Chain" platform, a three-layer technical architecture was constructed by adopting distributed ledger, perspective life cycle assessment and smart contract technologies: data layer, accounting layer and application layer. By comparing the full life cycle carbon footprint of the 1kwh lithium iron phosphate battery of BYD's subsidiary FinDreams Battery, the research found that the carbon emissions in the transportation link of CATL were significantly higher than those of the benchmark enterprises. Based on this, a multimodal transportation optimization plan was proposed. This work provides a reusable carbon management technology paradigm for Chinese enterprises to deal with international carbon barriers, which has practical value for promoting the implementation of China's carbon neutrality goal.
This paper discusses the application of blockchain technology in document management for the library. With the characteristics of encryption algorithm, distributed ledger, distributed architecture and traceability, this technology is of great significance in enhancing the security of document resources, optimizing the copyright protection, improving the efficiency of resource sharing and collaboration, and optimizing the experience of reader services. Its application covers the joint collection and edit system of document resources based on blockchain, decentralized storage and distribution platform, knowledge graph co-construction and sharing, and evaluation and contribution incentive mechanism participated by readers, so as to promote more efficient and intelligent library services.
区块链技术依托多节点协同验证及数据可追溯性特征，通过构建不可篡改的信用评估体系和自动化交易执行系统，能显著降低金融机构服务边际成本，同时提升风险控制效能。这种技术赋能的创新模式通过信息共享透明化机制有效缓解了金融资源配置的区域失衡问题，从而为银行业发展普惠性涉农金融产品体系开辟了具有可操作性的实践路径。本文将首先指出现有技术条件下开展农村普惠金融业务存在的挑战，接着分析区块链技术如何具体到农村金融的应用，最后探索区块链推进农村普惠金融发展的路径。Blockchain technology, leveraging its characteristics of decentralized node verification and traceable data, can significantly reduce the marginal costs of financial services for institutions while enhancing risk control capabilities by establishing a tamper-proof credit evaluation system and an automated transaction execution mechanism. This technology-driven innovation addresses regional imbalances in financial resource allocation through transparent information-sharing mechanisms, thereby providing a practical pathway for the banking industry to develop inclusive financial products tailored to rural areas. This paper first identifies the challenges of implementing inclusive finance in rural regions under existing technological conditions, then analyzes the specific applications of blockchain technology in rural finance, and finally explores pathways for advancing rural inclusive finance through blockchain.
With the government’s emphasis on the blockchain and supply chain industry and increased policy support, the field shows a bright future. Nonetheless, the traditional supply chain finance model faces numerous challenges. This paper aims to explore how blockchain technology can be utilized to mitigate and control credit risk in supply chain finance. It will also detail the principles and characteristics of blockchain technology, including its decentralized architecture, encryption algorithms, resistance to tampering, smart contract functionalities, and more. At the same time, this paper will also analyse the shortcomings of traditional supply chain finance. Distributed ledger technology is utilized through blockchain to ensure the transparency and traceability of information, while smart contracts optimize the credit execution and supervision process, playing a key role in preventing and controlling credit risks. The article concludes by proposing innovative strategies based on blockchain technology, including constructing a credit information sharing platform, improving the credit assessment model, and establishing a risk early warning and monitoring system, with the aim of improving the efficiency and credit level of supply chain management and further promoting the healthy development of supply chain finance.
This review paper presents an examination of Blockchain and Smart Contract platforms focusing on their uses in various industries and addressing their implementation challenges. A notable gap exists in current literature: there is no comprehensive review that encompasses blockchain applications, implementation challenges, smart contract development platforms, and publication trends. Our quantitative analysis of publication trends, examining 9,288 papers from IEEE Xplore and Springer databases between 2019 and 2024, provides insights into the trajectory of blockchain research across sectors. It examines platforms like Ethereum, which enables decentralized application development but faces scalability constraints, and Hyperledger Fabric, which offers robust enterprise solutions. The research explores how blockchain revolutionizes industries including healthcare through secure patient data management, supply chain through enhanced traceability, and education through verifiable credentials. This review synthesizes current trends in blockchain platforms and implementation challenges across diverse industries.
在社交媒体营销蓬勃发展的当下，社群经济作为一种新的商业模式正在受到企业的重视，小红书以“种草”模式成为极具影响力的社群营销平台。本研究以新4C理论为基础，深入剖析小红书“种草”社群营销策略。研究发现，小红书通过构建符号化场景、输出情感化内容、打造圈层化社群以及实现社交货币驱动的连接，形成独特营销模式。然而，目前存在场景失真、价值稀释、社群区隔和信任消解等问题。为实现范式升维，需构建真实性符号认证体系、植入信息熵平衡评估模型、建立赋权机制以及推动DAO协同生产范式转型。本研究旨在为小红书及相关从业者提供理论与实践指导，助力提升营销效果，推动行业健康发展。In the booming era of social media marketing, community economy, as an emerging business model, is gaining increasing attention from enterprises. rednote has become an influential community marketing platform with its “seed-planting” model. Based on the new 4C theory, this study delves into rednote’s “seed-planting” community marketing strategy. It is found that rednote has developed a unique marketing model by constructing symbolic scenarios, delivering emotional content, creating community circles, and establishing connections driven by social currency. However, there are existing problems such as scene distortion, value dilution, community segregation, and trust erosion. To achieve paradigm upgrading, it is necessary to build a realness symbol certification system, embed an information entropy balance evaluation model, establish an empowerment mechanism, and promote the transformation to a DAO (Decentralized Autonomous Organization) collaborative production paradigm. This study aims to provide theoretical and practical guidance for rednote and relevant practitioners, helping to enhance marketing effectiveness and promote the healthy development of the industry.
Blockchain technology has garnered widespread attention across various sectors such as finance, healthcare, and government services due to its decentralized, tamper-resistant, and traceable nature. However, the conflict between privacy protection and regulatory compliance has emerged as a key barrier to its further development. Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP), as a next-generation privacy-enhancing technology, offers unique advantages in achieving "verifiability without disclosure." This paper systematically reviews the core technologies of blockchain and existing privacy protection methods, providing an in-depth comparison of mainstream ZKP protocols (e.g., zk-SNARK, zk-STARK, and PLONK) in terms of efficiency, security, and generality. It highlights how ZKP has become a technological pillar for privacy-compliant blockchain systems. The paper then explores practical application models of ZKP in cross-domain scenarios such as healthcare, finance, e-government, and supply chains, and further analyzes potential mechanisms through which ZKP can fulfill regulatory requirements such as AML, KYC, and auditing while preserving privacy. Finally, it discusses current technical bottlenecks and future development trends, including the integration of ZKP with AI, secure hardware, and post-quantum cryptography, as well as strategic frameworks for building a scalable and regulation-friendly blockchain ecosystem.
This study presents a comprehensive systematic review of Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications in DecentralizedFinance (DeFi), emphasizing AI’s pivotal role in mitigating the vulnerabilities and operational complexities inherentin permissionless financial systems. By systematically analyzing 39 peer-reviewed studies from major scholarlydatabases, the review identifies five dominant application domains: fraud detection, smart contract security, marketprediction, credit risk assessment, and decentralized governance. It examines the diverse range of AI methodsspanning machine learning, deep learning, graph neural networks, and reinforcement learning—and evaluates theircomparative performance and limitations. The findings reveal that AI not only enhances DeFi’s transparency, trust,and efficiency but also underpins emerging capabilities such as autonomous governance and adaptive marketmechanisms. Persistent challenges including data scarcity, cross-chain generalization, interpretability, andscalability—underscore the need for robust, explainable, and ethical AI solutions. The review concludes that AIconstitutes a foundational enabler for secure, transparent, and resilient decentralized financial ecosystems, andoutlines critical future research directions for integrating trustworthy intelligence into the evolving DeFi landscape. (PDF) A Systematic Review on the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Decentralized Finance. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/397514996_A_Systematic_Review_on_the_Application_of_Artificial_Intelligence_in_Decentralized_Finance [accessed Nov 11 2025].
Urbanization in China has transitioned from an era of urban construction focused on incremental land development to an era of urban renewal focused on stock land development. Implementing urban renewal and achieving high-quality development has become a significant challenge for urban development in the second half of China's urbanization process. In response to this challenge, experts and scholars from relevant academic fields were invited to explore and discuss the fundamental issues of how urban renewal should be implemented under the new historical conditions and value orientations. The key aspects and solution pathways of this issue were discussed, with a focus on the following areas: the institutional and strategic issues that impact urban renewal, the practical and technical questions of how urban renewal is carried out, and the potential negative effects arising from urban renewal. The paper has extensive discussions and reflections on these topics. Based on the main viewpoints of the invited experts, urban renewal under the background of high-quality development transformation needs to pay attention to the following key issues. First of all, the goals of urban renewal should be determined synthetically with the full consideration of the national development strategies pertaining to urban development, with the effort to promote the innovation of urban renewal system in the areas of spatial planning, land supply and management, development models, financing, and public participation. Second, it is suggested that new models of urban renewal driven by the combined efforts of government, market, and society needs to be established to ensure the publicness, efficiency, and fairness of urban renewal projects. In particular, the government should play a role of guiding and encouraging through decentralization and empowerment; the role of market should pay attention to the advantages of cooperation between private capital and state-owned enterprise capital; the society should play a role by activating the subjective role of property rights owners. Third, with the aim to promote a people-centered development, the damage of urban renewal to historical and cultural protection and adverse effects of gentrification it brings should be regulated and avoided. There is a need to enhance exploration of the urban renewal models beneficial to historical and cultural protection and social justice. This paper concludes by calling on scholars from multiple disciplines including geography, resources and environmental sciences, planning, and management to jointly promote research of urban renewal theories that fit to the Chinese path to modernization, with the aim to make Chinese contribution to theories on global urban renewal.
With the rapid development of blockchain technology, encrypted assets have gradually become an important component of the global financial system. This study aims to analyze the concept of Ethereum (ETH) and its applications in finance, online payments, and transactions. This article first reviews the development history and research progress of blockchain, and then explores the current situation of the cryptocurrency market, with a focus on analyzing the basic characteristics and encryption algorithms of Ethereum. In the application section, this article discusses in detail the various applications of Ethereum in decentralized finance (DeFi) and non-fungible tokens (NFT), revealing its important role in promoting financial innovation and digital asset management. At the same time, the article also points out the limitations of Ethereum in terms of technical bottlenecks, compliance, and user education. Nevertheless, the future is still full of hope. Through this study, academia and industry practitioners can gain a deeper understanding of the potential and challenges of Ethereum, providing important references for its sustained development in the global financial ecosystem.