Данная работа посвящена исследованию вопроса обеспечения целостности производственной информации в окружении высокой автоматизации с помощью блокчейн-технологии. Задачи, которые решались в ходе исследования: 1. Исследование вопроса применения блокчейн-оракулов в промышленности для обеспечения целостности данных. 2. Разработка архитектуры соответствующего решения для промышленных производств. 3. Разработка модульной структуры в виде программного кода и рекомендаций по его встраиванию в промышленное цифровое окружение. Работа была проведена на основе открытых данных о блокчейне и средствах обеспечения безопасности информации в промышленности в условиях автоматизированного производства. Был произведен теоретический обзор вопроса и изучение самой технологии блокчейн, как и рассмотрение уже существующих примеров в качестве части комплексных решений формата «умный завод». Были рассмотрены инструменты и внешние сервисы, позволяющие развернуть подобную структуру обеспечения безопасности и целостности информации без использования сторонних комплексных решений «из коробки». В результате была разработана архитектура системы с блокчейн-оракулом, обеспечивающим логирование всех производственных данных в блокчейн-сеть Polygon с возможностью использования как открытой сети, так и развертывания собственной, закрытой от сети Интернет. Были разработаны модули, доступные для встраивания в любую автоматизированную архитектуру, и даны рекомендации по дальнейшей доработке в зависимости от нужд предприятия. Для достижения данных результатов в результате были использованы следующие информационные технологии: Python, web3.py, Solidity, Ethereum, Polygon.
Open access
Economic and Technological Systems Analysis
Aerospace, Electronics, Mathematical Modeling
Advanced Theoretical and Applied Studies in Material Sciences and Geometry
Андрій Олександрович Гашко, Андрій Петрович Бондарчук, Максим Петрович Трембовецький, Олександр Ілліч Чумак
The article examines an automated method for verifying the correctness of smart contracts in the Solana blockchain network. The relevance of the research is driven by the growing popularity of Web3 applications and the need to ensure their security, as even minor errors in smart contract code can lead to significant financial losses. The primary goal is to develop an automated verification methodology for smart contracts that can detect vulnerabilities such as the absence of founder rights verification, arithmetic operation errors, and missing transaction check signatures. Using static analysis techniques in the Rust programming language, the authors propose an approach that enables rapid analysis-taking less than three minutes per contract-and automatic generation of reports on identified vulnerabilities. The methodology is based on analyzing external data flows through smart contracts, allowing for the early detection of potential threats. To automate the process, Python and Bash scripts are employed, integrating with cloud services such as Amazon Web Services to scale the analysis. Testing results on real Web3 applications demonstrate the effectiveness of the methodology, particularly in reducing analysis time and improving the accuracy of error detection. An important aspect of the research is the continuous updating of knowledge bases and analysis tools, enabling the consideration of new types of attacks and vulnerabilities. The article also highlights the importance of interoperability between different blockchain networks, which remains a challenging task but is a key element for the future development of Web3. The research results show that the proposed methodology is promising for scaling and adapting to new challenges in blockchain ecosystems such as Solana. Thus, the developed approach to automated smart contract verification not only enhances the security of Web3 applications but also contributes to their further development, ensuring stability and reliability in the dynamic evolution of blockchain technologies.
Introduction. The development of composite materials is considered with account for the shifts of paradigms based on the basic models of the continuous self-developing environment towards paradigms based on the models of the structured self-developing environment using the ideas and methods of the system approach and synergetics. The system approach can: reduce or even eliminate the uncertainty inherent to the problem to be solved; reconstruct it in models meeting the objectives of the study; identify objects, properties, and relationships in the system under consideration, taking into account the mutual influence of the external environment. Methods. It is shown that the structural organization of the material determines the design of the product or structure and largely determines the functional properties of the entire system. Composite materials are considered as large, complex systems formed based on a modular principle; material properties are determined on the basis of autonomous studies of individual subsystems. Results. It is assumed that individual subsystems have a certain degree of autonomy; it is possible to introduce customizable reference models with the simultaneous decentralization of modules by inputs; the conditions for transferring the results of autonomous studies to the system as a whole are determined by the completeness of understanding the processes of the formation of the structure and properties of the system. In the development of composites, the relative importance, the mutual utility of the quality criteria, a reasonable balance between the internal logic of science and its practical significance are taken into account. Partial criteria are analyzed, and a generalized quality criterion for the building material is formalized. The following is considered: the complexity of the object of study (multi-dimensionality, multi-connectedness, incompleteness of diagnostic information), diagnostic interpretation of the analyzed factors, the probabilistic nature of diagnostic information (using methods of both concrete and abstract-logical cognition; each new logical stage continues the previous one and serves as a prerequisite for the previous one).
Open access
Advanced Theoretical and Applied Studies in Material Sciences and Geometry
The length and quality characteristics of public highways in Ukraine compared to the leading countries of the world were analyzed. Positive trends in the road construction and repair market related to the reform of the road industry were identified: decentralization of roads, financing of road repairs through the implemented State Road Fund of Ukraine, formation of a competitive environment, increase in the number of players in the road construction and repair market, strengthening of state control in the field procurement and road construction. Attention is drawn to the negative factors that affect the market situation, the formation of competitive advantages of enterprises, taking into account the specifics of the road industry. A set of measures to strengthen the competitiveness of enterprises is proposed, taking into account the results of the implemented reforms. It is considered expedient to intensify the development of public-private partnership, in particular, through the concession mechanism. To improve the quality management of road works, road monitoring should be improved using the HDM-4 automated road development and management system. The current legal framework in terms of the implementation of international forms of contracts, including FIDIC, NEC, needs to be updated. A promising direction for improving the management of enterprises in the road industry of Ukraine is the implementation of information modeling in construction, namely the use of digital technologies for building information models of VIM - technologies. The key task is to ensure a clear, transparent system of procurement and setting prices for construction, repair works and services. The implementation of the specified measures will contribute to increasing the level of validity of operational and strategic management decisions to ensure the effective functioning and development of enterprises in the road industry of Ukraine.
Igor A. Kalmykov, Ivan Dmitrievich Efremenkov, Dmitry Vladimirovich Yurdanov, М. И. Калмыков · 6 authors
At the present stage of development, in order to ensure the fulfillment of various kinds of tasks of national importance, systems based on groups of low-orbit communication spacecraft are increasingly being used. An example of such satellite systems is the Gonets Satellite System JSC, which provides mobile satellite channels for mobile and stationary subscribers anywhere in the world and is being developed by order of the Roskosmos state corporation for comic activities. Therefore, in view of the importance and in some cases the confidentiality of the tasks performed, the requirements for stealth and noise immunity for these systems are increasing. Increasing secrecy, namely, its information component, is possible through the use of an authentication protocol based on evidence with zero knowledge disclosure, which operates on the basis of modular codes. However, the modular codes in some systems are also used to combat equipment failures and malfunctions, and when introducing more redundancy, they are also able to localize errors caused by interference in the communication channel. Thus, using modular codes to ensure stealth, to combat failures and malfunctions, as well as to provide noise immunity, it will allow you to switch to a single mathematical apparatus for constructing the system and thereby move away from the traditionally used cascade codes. Therefore, the task of developing a new method for constructing a modular composite code to ensure noise immunity is relevant.