Jincheng Zhang
This paper proposes a novel decentralized consensus protocol utilizing a cellular automaton (CA) as the proof-of-work (PoW) mechanism. Traditional blockchain-based PoW systems rely heavily on computationally intensive cryptographic hash functions, resulting in significant energy consumption and scalability limitations. This research introduces a fundamentally different approach, leveraging the inherent parallelism and computational simplicity of CA systems to achieve distributed agreement. The core mechanism involves nodes collaboratively evolving a CA, with computation occurring through local rule updates. The difficulty of achieving a predefined CA state, representing a block, is dynamically adjusted based on network participation, creating a more energy-efficient and scalable PoW solution. This approach moves beyond cryptographic hashing, offering a potentially transformative method for decentralized consensus in resource-constrained environments. The paper details the theoretical framework, outlines the proposed protocol, and discusses its potential benefits and challenges. Key performance indicators, such as block generation rate and energy consumption, are analyzed, demonstrating the protocol's efficiency compared to traditional PoW systems.