The advent of healthcare delivery drones, a novel unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), has opened the door to a more comprehensive approach to developing smart health services. Internet of Things (IoT)-based healthcare delivery via UAVs has not been fully realized because of a lack of augmentation-aware concepts. Despite community pharmacists' strong clinical expertise and ease of patient access, they cannot provide comprehensive clinical services due to a lack of access to patient data. Blockchain could be a solution if it's concerned about the reliability and security of drone deliveries over untrusted open channels. Hence, this study proposes the Internet of Things and Blockchain Technology-assisted Drone Healthcare Delivery System (IoT-BT-DHDS) for enhancing access to healthcare information in the community pharmacy environment. Ensuring the security of drone operations is crucial to protect users from any breaches that might result in physical and financial loss. This research suggests an oT-BT-DHDS that authenticates and registers the involved entities, such as objects (healthcare supplies), warehouses (healthcare centres), and drones, to address these security concerns and make the delivery progression visible. This research achieves its goals by analyzing several parameters that impact the time and number of transactions required for authentication on the Ethereum platform, which is used to build smart contracts and blockchain. The suggested strategy is shown to be effective by results acquired from a simulated environment compared to alternative models based on an access control ratio of 98.9%, data management ratio of 97.4% and resource utilization ratio of 96.4% to other existing models.
Alvin Limawan Susanto, Ni Wayan Sumartini Saraswati, Made Wahyu Adhiputra, I Dewa Made Krishna Muku
Mata uang kripto Bitcoin di Indonesia menjadi salah satu trend dan menjadi investasi mata uang virtual yang sangat menjanjikan dikarenakan harganya yang terus naik secara signifikan ditambah Bank Indonesia melegalkan penggunaan mata uang kripto sabagai aset yang dapat di perjual belikan secara legal, sehingga saya sebagai peneliti dalam jurnal ini melakukan penelitain mengunakan metode Linear Regresion yang bertujuan memprediksi harga Bitcoin dan membandingkannya dengan data aktual bitcoin. Linear Regresion adalah suatu proses yang menggunakan data time series yang dimana dalam data tersebut akan dibuat perbadingan antara data aktual dan data prediksi. Persaman yang diperoleh antara data actual dan perdiksi memiliki selisih 0.002678606940218723% dari data aktual .Pengujian keakurasian terhadap hasil prediksi yang diperoleh menggunakan R- squared memiliki nilai sebesar 0.9986666033001783. prediksi harga bitcoin mengunakan metode Linear Regresion dapat simpulkan memiliki keakurasian yang sangat baik , terlihat dari R- squared yang mendekati 1 pada pengujiannya.
Muhammad Fajri Ramadhan, Dewi Lestari, Ulfa Khaira
Investing has become a popular activity among the public as it can increase returns from such activities. Currently, there are various investment instruments available such as stocks, bonds, gold, property, and the latest is cryptocurrency. Since its inception in 2008, Bitcoin has emerged as the leading digital currency in terms of market capitalization and continues to attract investor attention. The first Bitcoin transaction occurred in January 2009. More than two years later, various reports estimated that Bitcoin circulation had exceeded 6,5 million with around 10000 users. This has led to a growing number of people interested in investing in Bitcoin. Based on these facts, it is important to predict Bitcoin prices to understand how Bitcoin prices will develop in the future. By predicting future Bitcoin prices, investors can estimate Bitcoin prices from the predicted prices in order to avoid making mistakes in investing and thus prevent significant potential losses. One way to predict Bitcoin prices is by using the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) method. One of the best models with a composition of 50 neurons and 400 epochs using Adam optimization, produce RMSE of 1027 and MAPE 1,76%, which mean the forecasting model has highly accurate forecasting. Then, to facilitate non-programmer users in forecasting, a web-based Graphical User Interface (GUI) is built using the Streamlit library.
Bitcoin merupakan mata uang digital yang telah menjadi fenomena global dalam transaksi elektronik. Berbagai negara telah mengeluarkan regulasi terkait penggunaan Bitcoin, namun belum ada kajian komprehensif dari perspektif hukum Islam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji status hukum penggunaan Bitcoin sebagai alat transaksi elektronik menurut prinsip-prinsip syariah. Dengan menggunakan metode kajian kepustakaan dan analisis fiqih muamalah, penelitian ini mengeksplorasi konsep uang dalam Islam, karakteristik Bitcoin, dan implikasinya terhadap keabsahan transaksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan Bitcoin sebagai alat transaksi elektronik mengandung beberapa kesamaran dan ketidakpastian yang bertentangan dengan prinsip-prinsip syariah, seperti ketidakjelasan sumber dan nilai intrinsik, serta potensi spekulasi dan penipuan. Namun, Bitcoin dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai alat tukar yang sah jika memenuhi syarat-syarat tertentu, seperti adanya pengawasan dan regulasi yang ketat, serta upaya untuk meminimalisir risiko dan ketidakpastian. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi penting dalam diskursus hukum Islam terkait transaksi elektronik dan mata uang digital.
Genetika manusia merujuk pada informasi yang dikumpulkan tentang genom atau warisan genetik individu manusia. Data ini mencakup sekuens DNA, variasi genetik, mutasi, dan informasi lain yang terkait dengan sifat dan karakteristik genetik individu manusia. Data genetika manusia diperoleh melalui serangkaian proses, meliputi penguntaian genetik, pengujian genetik, analisis DNA, dan pemetaan genetik. Data genetika terutama pada manusia merupakan data yang bersifat privat yang harus dilindungi keamanan dan kerahasiaanya. Beberapa penelitian telah menggunakan teknologi Blockchain untuk menyimpan data yang memerlukan keamanan ekstra. Blockchain memberikan solusi untuk perlindungan dan pengelolaan data dengan fitur teknologinya yang terdesentralisasi, terenkripsi, setiap transaksi bisa ditelusuri, dan antitampering atau sulit dimodifikasi. Penelitian menerapkan teknologi Blockchain untuk menyimpan dan mengelola data genetik. Sebagai bahan penelitian data genetika manusia diakusisi dari NCBI repository. Data genetik tersebut disimpan dalam Smart contract pada blockchain Ethereum yang ditulis menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Solidity. Setiap transaksi dan penyimpanan data pada Ethereum dibebankan biaya yang cukup mahal atau yang dikenal dengan biaya gas maka penelitian ini menawarkan solusi hanya menyimpan signature saja dari data genetik itu dalam blockchain. Data genetik yang riil dan berukuran besar disimpan dalam InterPlanetary File System (IPFS). Hasil pengujian menjalankan smart contract pada blockchain Ethereum yang hanya menyimpan signature data genetik ini menunjukkan biaya gas yang sangat efisien karena hanya menyimpan 256 bit saja dari data genetik riilnya yang dapat mencapai giga byte. Abstract Human genetics refers to information gathered about the genome or genetic heritage of human individuals. This data includes DNA sequences, genetic variations, mutations, and other information related to individual human genetic traits and characteristics. Human genetic data is obtained through a series of processes, including genetic sequencing, genetic testing, DNA analysis, and genetic mapping. Genetic data, especially in humans, is private data that must be protected by security and confidentiality. Several studies have used Blockchain technology to store data that requires extra security. Blockchain provides solutions for data protection and management with its technological features that are decentralized, encrypted, every transaction can be traced, and anti-tampering or difficult to modify. Research uses Blockchain technology to store and manage genetic data. As research material, human genetic data was acquired from the NCBI repository. The genetic data is stored in Smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain written using the Solidity programming language. Every transaction and data storage on Ethereum is charged with a fairly expensive fee, known as a gas fee, so this research offers a solution by only storing the signature of the genetic data in the blockchain. The real and large-scale genetic data is stored in the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS). The test results of running a smart contract on the Ethereum blockchain that only stores genetic data signatures show a very efficient gas cost because it only stores 256 bits of real genetic data, which can reach gigabytes.
Di era digital, Bitcoin telah muncul sebagai salah satu mata uang digital yang paling banyak dibicarakan karena volatilitas dan potensinya sebagai sarana investasi. Namun, harga yang fluktuatif juga menimbulkan kesulitan ketika mencoba membuat prediksi yang akurat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis dan meramalkan harga Bitcoin dengan menggunakan metode ARIMA (AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average). Oleh karena itu, model ARIMA digunakan untuk mengekstrak mean dan varians dari data harga Bitcoin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model ARIMA dapat digunakan secara efektif untuk memprediksi harga Bitcoin dengan menghasilkan nilai MSE sebesar 54791638.70 dimana lebih baik dari model SARIMAX. Penerapan model ARIMA membantu para analis dan investor dalam memahami tren harga Bitcoin dan membuat keputusan investasi yang lebih tepat.
Blockchain technology has captured the attention of various industries due to its potential to revolutionize traditional systems through decentralization, transparency and immutability.This paper examines the emerging trend of integrating blockchain-based decentralized applications (DApps) into the education sector.With blockchain's distributed ledger system, educational institutions can achieve safe, secure and transparent management of student achievements, certifications and credentials.The paper presents the architecture of a system that enables students to build verifiable digital portfolios of educational achievements stored and shared securely using smart contracts and digital tokens.By harnessing the benefits and addressing the challenges of blockchain DAppps in education, we can pave the way for a truly transformative era in the learning experience of tomorrow.
Febriansyah Febriansyah, Alun Sujjada, Falentino Sembiring
Cryptocurrency is a digital currency made from sequence code or called blockchain, one of the cryptocurrencies is bitcoin. Prediction is a process that projects or imagines what might happen in the future based on data in the past or factors that influence the current situation. Bitcoin price prediction uses a deep learning approach with the Long Short Term Memory method. Long Short-Term Memory is a type of model from the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) algorithm, a method designed to process data and can overcome the problem of price movements that have long-term dependencies that cannot be handled by traditional RNN models, the LSTM model has the ability “Remembers” information over long periods of time, so as to recognize patterns and trends. In this study, the prediction period used a dataset from 12 December 2020 to 14 April 2024. The evaluation results for the RMSE method for train data were 17318.40 and for test data were 27921.84 and for the MAPE method for train data it was 3.24% and for test data it was 3.24%. 5.36%. This shows that the RMSE and MAPE values in the data train are relatively small because they are vulnerable to the bitcoin price being too wide.
Penelitian ini menyoroti tantangan yang dihadapi oleh penulis ilmiah, terutama terkait kurangnya penghargaan, dukungan finansial, dan apresiasi. Solusi inovatif diajukan melalui penerapan teknologi blockchain, khususnya Ethereum, untuk meningkatkan transparansi dan keamanan dalam alur donasi. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan solusi atas masalah tersebut serta membuka peluang kolaborasi yang lebih luas dalam komunitas penelitian. Penelitian ini melibatkan langkah-langkah seperti studi literatur, analisis sistem, pengembangan sistem, dan pembuatan laporan. Dalam pengembangan sistem, digunakan metodologi SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) dengan model waterfall yang terstruktur dan sesuai untuk merancang sistem donasi dengan teknologi blockchain. Penelitian ini berhasil mengembangkan sebuah sistem donasi yang terintegrasi dengan blockchain ethereum berbasis ekstensi browser. Hasil pengujian unit testing menunjukkan bahwa fungsi-fungsi yang digunakan berjalan dengan baik. Diharapkan penelitian ini dapat memberikan kontribusi signifikan dalam mendukung penulis ilmiah, memperkuat transparansi dalam alur donasi, serta menjadi landasan bagi penelitian-penelitian selanjutnya di bidang ini.
Since its conceptualization in 2008, blockchain technology has advanced rapidly and been applied in multiple domains. In higher education, blockchain can be applied to develop ICT systems that can revolutionize student accreditation through certificate verification and micro-accreditations, which represent skills and other learning outcomes, in the form of digital/smart badges. While there are multiple studies that highlight the significance of blockchain in higher education and propose digital systems, few of those studies include the evaluation of such proposed systems by real users. As such, the research question of how useful a higher education blockchain system would be for its relevant stakeholders remains largely unanswered. In the research publication at hand, a blockchain-powered higher education platform was applied in the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering of the National Technical University of Athens, where it was used and evaluated by students and professors at the school. The evaluation of the platform was positive, and participants found that the smart badge functionality was among the most useful. Finally, the execution and evaluation of the pilot led to several lessons learned and policy recommendations towards dealing with existing barriers and further promoting blockchain in higher education.
The evolution of the Internet has shifted from centralised to decentralised systems, particularly after the financial crisis in 2008. The Internet disrupts traditional financial systems and the consequent shift towards Blockchain Technology (BCT) for more transparent and accountable business practices. It outlines BCT’s origins and transformative potential in various domains. Thus, this study aims to investigate challenges in BCT adoption in various domains. This study adopted a bibliometric analysis based on the data obtained from the Scopus database. Based on the keywords used, which are related to BCT adoption in the article title, the study obtains 229 documents for further analysis. Various tools have been employed, such as Microsoft Excel to conduct the frequency analysis and VOSviewer for data visualisation analysis. This study reports the results using standard bibliometric indicators such as publication year, document type, source type, source title, languages, subject area, keywords analysis, geographical distribution, authorship, active institutions, and citation analysis. The analysis reveals that studies on BCT integration with the Internet of Things (IoT) suggest the highest cites followed by BCT adoption challenges. Since 2021, there has been a rapid accumulation of citations, highlighting the ongoing relevance and interest in BCT across diverse fields. Indonesia leads in academic contributions to BCT, while the United States excels in citation impact. Notably, China, Australia, Jordan, and Malaysia are interested in adopting BCT in Asia. In Europe, the United Kingdom stands out alongside Romania and Belgium for their commitment to the study as well. Prominent authors and keywords highlight BCT’s integration with IoT and supply chain. Findings underscore global academic engagement with BCT challenges and applications, offering a foundation for future research on practical hurdles, regulations, and technological intersections. Blockchain is just one of many IR4.0 technologies that will enhance governance when coupled with Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Big Data Analytics. Future research should focus deeper on practical challenges, regulations, and intersections of BCT with other technologies, building upon the findings of this analysis.
Recognizing the necessity to preserve the integrity and good name of degrees awarded by Yemeni universities. It should provide an efficient way of verifying certificates. The effectiveness of the conventional method of confirming the validity of certificates in reducing fraud has not been very strong. Therefore, it is necessary to stop this kind of fraud by using blockchain technology, which has several benefits, such as encryption, sharing of data, and the capacity to store information as permanent data that cannot be altered. Low latency and low cost will be available for the issuance, sharing, and verification of these certifications in universities if the suggested system is implemented. The paper presents the proposed framework, which uses smart contracts in the Ethereum blockchain and a distributed peer-to-peer network (filebase) for certification verification by a certificate’s hash immediately without waiting for the facility’s response. It also contains an estimate of the average cost of publishing a certificate. It also frees students from having to constantly carry paper copies of their documents by enabling them to access them via a certificate's hash. Furthermore, there is no extra cost for the verification process, and it does not require an Ethereum network account.
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengimplementasikan "NFT Pack" dalam ekosistem game Web3 di blockchain Solana dengan menggunakan teknologi State Compression untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan keamanan transaksi NFT. Melalui integrasi paket NFT yang mendukung lebih dari satu NFT, penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan inovasi baru bagi pemain game Web3. Dengan penerapan State Compression, biaya transaksi dapat dikurangi dan efisiensi penyimpanan data ditingkatkan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi NFT Pack dengan State Compression berhasil, dengan smart contract yang memfasilitasi pembelian, penjualan, dan interaksi NFT dalam paket. Pengujian menunjukkan pengaruh positif terhadap biaya transaksi dan efisiensi tanpa mengurangi keamanan system yang ada sebelumnya. Kesimpulan menghasilkan bahwa studi kasus NFT Pack berhasil dan terbukti aman, serta menyoroti potensi besar implementasi ini dalam meningkatkan efisiensi transaksi dan pengalaman pengguna di ekosistem game Web3. Penggunaan State Compression pada Compressed NFT menghasilkan penghematan biaya yang signifikan kurang lebih 95,3% dibandingkan NFT biasa dan potensi skalabilitas lebih tinggi. Saran untuk penelitian mendatang meliputi penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai keamanan dan skalabilitas, serta pengembangan fitur inovatif untuk meningkatkan interaksi pengguna dengan NFT. Kata Kunci— Blockchain, Non-Fungible Token, Smart Contract, Solana, Compressed NFT.
Rus Hertanto, Masruri Muchtar, Pardomuan Robinson Sihombing
Mata uang crypto menjadi sangat familiar dan booming dalam beberapa tahun terakhir. Ada yang menganggapnya sebagai mata uang, ada yang menganggapnya sebagai instrumen investasi, ada yang menganggapnya hanya sebuah scam masa kini yang terus diobrolkan di khalayak ramai. Harga crypto memang sangat volatile, untuk itu peneliti ingin mencari faktor-faktor apa saja yang memengaruhi harga crypto, khususnya dari variabel ekonomi makro yang ada. Data dalam penelitian ini diambil dari chart bulanan dari masing-masing variabel, dengan timeframe setiap bulan dari 2019 sampai 2023. Peneliti menggunakan random effect model dalam melakukan uji regresi, dengan hasilnya adalah variabel independen S&P500 dan harga Bitcoin memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap harga Ethereum dan BNB. Sedangkan tiga variabel sisanya yaitu IHSG, harga emas, dan harga minyak mentah tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan. Hal itu mengindikasikan bahwa variabel ekonomi makro pada dasarnya tidak berpengaruh terhadap harga crypto. Pada akhirnya, yang menggerakkan harga crypto adalah permintaan dan penawaran dari pasar.
Muhammad Hakiki, Radinal Fadli, Arisman Sabir, Agung Prihatmojo · 6 authors
This research investigates the integration of blockchain technology in vocational education in Indonesia, evaluating its impact on database system learning outcomes. Involving 86 Indonesian students, this study aims to assess the effectiveness of blockchain in improving students’ understanding, skills, and academic performance. Using a quasi-experimental design, the findings of this study showed a significant improvement in learning outcomes, as evidenced by the analysis of pre-test and post-test scores. The measure of the effectiveness of the improvement in learning outcomes, with a substantial increase of approximately 46.50%, emphasizes the positive influence of blockchain technology on student achievement in the database systems course. The findings of this study will contribute valuable information to educational institutions, policy makers, and educators who wish to incorporate new technologies such as blockchain into their learning systems. The implication of this research is to provide recommendations in optimizing the integration of blockchain technology, which significantly affects learning outcomes in database systems. This is realized through facilitating fast and efficient access to learning materials, fostering a more interactive and engaging learning environment, and enhancing students’ understanding of industry practices. The integration of blockchain into database systems learning not only improves the quality of learning but also equips students for a successful career in information technology.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji apakah bitcoin dapat digunakan sebagai alat tukar/mata uang di Indonesia. Dengan berkembangnya teknologi di era digital membawa inovasi pada alat tukar seperti bitcoin yang berbasis blockchain dan konsep desentralisasi yang tidak digunakan oleh alat tukar konvensional. Pandangan yang kami digunakan untuk penelitian ini adalah kualitatif untuk menjawab pembahasan penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif dan interpretatif. Pendekatan ini dipilih dalam rangka mendapatkan pemahaman yang mendalam tentang pandangan para ulama/tokoh Islam dan ahli ekonomi Islam terkait tentang bitcoin dan syariah Islam. Sumber informasi penelitian mencakup para ulama/tokoh Islam dan ahli ekonomi Islam di dunia yang memiliki pemahaman tentang bitcoin dan syariah Islam. Oleh karena itu kesimpulan hasil penilitian ini atas beragamnya pendapat para tokoh islam, boleh saja jika bitcoin digunakan sebagai alat tukar di dunia dengan ketentuan tidak mengandung unsur riba, maysir gharar dan beberapa tokoh pun setuju dengan kesepakatan ini, namun pada kenyataanya saat ini bitcoin masih terdapat unsur tersebut, inilah yang menjadi keharaman atas transaksi bitcoin. Serta dibutuhkan peran pihak otoritas untuk meninjau kembali tentang regulasi transaksi bitcoin di Indonesia.
The financing of innovative entrepreneurial projects within colleges and universities presents a unique challenge due to the inherent risks associated with nascent ideas and the limitations of traditional funding channels. Blockchain technology, with its decentralized architecture and transparent ledger system, offers a promising solution to these challenges. By leveraging blockchain, academic institutions can enhance the efficiency, transparency, and accessibility of the financing process for entrepreneurial ventures. This paper explores the application of blockchain technology in the financing model of university-based entrepreneurial projects, examining its potential benefits, challenges, and implications. Through a comprehensive review of literature, case studies, and theoretical frameworks, we elucidate the mechanisms through which blockchain can facilitate funding, foster collaboration among stakeholders, and democratize access to capital. Moreover, we discuss the unique characteristics of blockchain technology and its alignment with the values and objectives of academic entrepreneurship. While blockchain holds immense potential to transform the financing landscape, its adoption also presents regulatory, scalability, and governance challenges that require careful consideration. By contributing to the discourse on blockchain, entrepreneurship, and academia, this paper aims to inform policymakers, educators, and entrepreneurs about the transformative potential of blockchain in shaping the future of innovation and education.
H. N. Singh, HAASHIM. SYED -, V - RAHUL., Jai Jayesh Shah
This study explores student awareness and attitudes towards cryptocurrency, finding a high level of general awareness (58%) with no significant gender differences. Younger students might be slightly more aware, but this needs further investigation. Interestingly, some females reported lower familiarity with blockchain technology and found the system less user-friendly. These trends suggest areas for promoting wider and more inclusive cryptocurrency adoption among all students.
Abstract: A new technology that offers efficiency, security, and transparency in the tendering process is the blockchain based etendering system. The technique is intended to do away with the conventional paper-based tendering procedure, lessen corruption, and provide all bids an equal chance to win. This system makes use of distributed ledger technology, which guarantees safe, unchangeable, and open transactions. The system enables users to track and confirm the validity of tender documents, bids, and other pertinent data. The blockchain based e-tendering system also provides important advantages like cost savings, greater effectiveness, and shortened time to market. The main advantages and features of the blockchain based etendering system are discussed in this paper, along with how it is implemented and the difficulties that must be overcome before it can be successfully used.
This paper provides an overview of the major consensus mechanisms in blockchain technology. The main consensus algorithms are discussed, such as Proof of Work, Proof of Stake, Proof of Authority and other, and each has its own unique features, advantages and limitations. The authors analyse these mechanisms based on criteria such as energy efficiency, security, scalability and decentralisation. In addition, there recommendations provided for selecting the optimal consensus mechanism depending on the specific needs and goals of the project. This article serves as an important resource for researchers, developers, and practitioners interested in blockchain technology and its various aspects.
Malak Sulaiman Alrumaih, Mohammad Mahdi Hassan, Muhammad Martuza, Suliman Abdallah Alsuhibany
Blockchain is an emerging technology based on the digital ledger in the distributed system. The decentralized trust is one of its prominent features that ensures better transparency. Blockchain-based systems also enhance data integrity, confidentiality, and anonymity by eliminating third-party involvement in completing the transactions. Many SLRs have been published related to blockchain recently, but no comprehensive and systematic study on blockchain platforms has been conducted. So, there is a need for an organized and systematic review of blockchain platforms. This paper has reported a systematic literature review on existing blockchain platforms. We have formulated two research questions to determine the major frameworks used to implement blockchain-based systems and how they differ in implementation and operation. We have identified eighty-five blockchain platforms. To provide comprehensive insights on blockchain platforms, we identified related technologies and provided a map for further research development on blockchain technology.
Blockchain is an emerging technology that has been widely used in various sectors, including the financial sector. This study analyzes research trends on blockchain technology for regional government financial management in Indonesia using bibliometric techniques. Database searches identified 141 documents on blockchain in Indonesia and 34 documents specifically on financial blockchain from 2016-mid 2023. This research utilizes bibliometric methods complemented by a research question to uncover significant findings or trends in the literature related to the potential implementation of blockchain in regional government finance in Indonesia. Research on blockchain in the Indonesian financial sector has already been widely conducted, accounting for 24% of the research related to blockchain in Indonesia. This indicates that the financial sector has become one of the primaries focuses of blockchainrelated research in Indonesia. Bibliometric analysis of the literature suggests that blockchain has potential to enhance transparency, efficiency, and accountability in regional government finance through features like smart contracts, immutable records, and decentralized networks. A private blockchain structure can provide security and control. This study informs blockchain implementation plans for regional finance in Indonesia.
Penelitian ini merupakan sebuah langkah maju dalam upaya meningkatkan efisiensi dan transparansi dalam manajemen rantai pasokan dengan memperkenalkan sebuah inovasi berbasis teknologi blockchain. Dalam latar belakangnya, paradigma tradisional dalam manajemen rantai pasokan sering kali dihadapkan pada tantangan koordinasi yang kompleks dan informasi yang rentan terdistorsi, yang dapat mengakibatkan kesalahan transaksi dan ketidakjelasan dalam proses. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini, kami mengusulkan pendekatan baru dengan menerapkan arsitektur berbasis blockchain, yang menjanjikan keunggulan dalam desentralisasi dan distribusi informasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji efektivitas solusi ini dalam meningkatkan transparansi dan kinerja rantai pasokan secara keseluruhan. Metode penelitian kami melibatkan pengembangan dan implementasi sistem blockchain yang terintegrasi dalam rantai pasokan yang ada, diikuti dengan pengujian dan evaluasi kinerja solusi ini. Hasil dari pengujian menunjukkan penurunan yang signifikan dalam kesalahan transaksi dan peningkatan tingkat transparansi real-time, memberikan bukti konkret tentang keberhasilan inovatif solusi ini. Dengan menerapkan teknologi blockchain, kami berhasil mengubah paradigma manajemen rantai pasokan dan membuktikan nilai tambahnya dalam mengatasi tantangan yang ada. Meskipun demikian, kami mengakui bahwa penelitian ini memiliki keterbatasan, terutama dalam hal generalisasi hasil ke sektor rantai pasokan yang lebih luas. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menjadi titik awal untuk penelitian lanjutan dan pengembangan solusi yang lebih holistik dalam meningkatkan efisiensi dan transparansi rantai pasokan global.
The development of cases or cases in terms of bankruptcy debtor assets, does not rule out the possibility of bitcoin becoming one of the assets or all assets of bankruptcy debtors given the large number of Indonesians who use bitcoin as an investment tool. Therefore, further study is needed regarding the validity of bitcoin as an asset in terms of the Civil Code and Indonesian Positive Law, as well as the validity of bitcoin as an object of general collateral for bankruptcy debtors. This research is a normative legal research (doctrinal research) with a statutory approach method and a conceptual approach using library research data collection techniques including primary and secondary legal materials and analyzed with interpretation techniques. The results of this study indicate that bitcoin is recognized as a commodity subject to VAT and Income Tax (Article 1 number 7 of Bappebti Regulation Number 5 of 2019 and Article 19 of the Minister of Finance Regulation 68 / PMK.03 / 2022). Based on the Civil Code, bitcoin is an intangible asset in the form of digital assets and is movable (Article 503 and Article 504 of the Civil Code) which can be attached to property rights (Article 499 of the Civil Code) and the owner of bitcoin can freely perform legal actions on the bitcoin owned. Bitcoin has fulfilled the elements of a collateral object, namely that it can become property rights, has economic value, can be executed, so that it can be used as an object of general collateral and can be included in the bankruptcy estate.