This thesis examines how blockchain technology can affect the music business, as well as its potential applications and benefits over current practices for investors, users, and artists. It explores the music industry's current ecosystem and motivations for changes, and discusses the benefits and difficulties of using blockchain technology in a decentralized music platform (Web3). The thesis also demonstrates the mechanisms that enable these platforms to be built and run. Overall, the thesis emphasizes how blockchain technology has the ability to allow musicians more freedom, transparency, and flexibility when it comes to monetizing their music with less involvement of a third party.
The blockchain ecosystem, particularly with the rise of Web3 and Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), has experienced a significant increase in users and applications. However, this expansion is challenged by the need to connect early adopters with a wider user base. A notable difficulty in this process is the complex interfaces of blockchain wallets, which can be daunting for those familiar with traditional payment methods. To address this issue, the category of "embedded wallets" has emerged as a promising solution. These wallets are seamlessly integrated into the front-end of decentralized applications (Dapps), simplifying the onboarding process for users and making access more widely available. However, our insights indicate that this simplification introduces a trade-off between ease of use and security. Embedded wallets lack transparency and auditability, leading to obscured transactions by the front end and a pronounced risk of fraud and phishing attacks. This paper proposes a new protocol to enhance the security of embedded wallets. Our VELLET protocol introduces a wallet verifier that can match the audit trail of embedded wallets on smart contracts, incorporating a process to verify authenticity and integrity. In the implementation architecture of the VELLET protocol, we suggest using the Text Record feature of the Ethereum Name Service (ENS), known as a decentralized domain name service, to serve as a repository for managing the audit trails of smart contracts. This approach has been demonstrated to reduce the necessity for new smart contract development and operational costs, proving cost-effective through a proof-of-concept. This protocol is a vital step in reducing security risks associated with embedded wallets, ensuring their convenience does not undermine user security and trust.
Abstract: Criminal activities in India are on the rise, with many incidents going unreported. Despite the availability of an online portal for storing the First Information Reports (FIRs) handwritten FIRs always will remain common due to some of the traditional methods and practices. And probably in most cases, the complainants should personally visit the police stations in order to file a offense report. Crime and Criminal Tracking Network and Systems (CCTNS) was launched in 2010 for national wide e-governance, it will operates on a centralized system and it is particularly limited to some individual states. Therefore, there is a need for the decentralized solution in order to ensure failure of a single point and secure managing of criminal complaints from the unauthorized access.
Distributed ledger technology (DLT) as an rising alternative for improving safety and transparency in reportsharing structures is very promising. In this regard, the existing have a look at is providing a blockchain-based system for file sharing where allotted ledgers may be used to conquer the restrictions of centralized structures. To make certain that the records shared is secure, unchangeable, and necessary, the gadget applies consensus, hashing, and encryption strategies. The use of clever contracts lets in for automatic execution of documentsharing transactions in a steady manner, thus lowering the capability risks associated with fraud or prison troubles. Furthermore, users are furnished with more control by letting them specify permissions and get right of entry to constraints for his or her documents. To make it smooth to use the blockchain and combine those technologies, the system makes use of decentralized file storage primarily based on Blockchain. Also, the databases used by this machine are FileCoin for login information and Web3 Token for document sharing and storing, which brings protection into the scene, makes storage decentralized, and increases transparency.
Este estudo aborda o desenvolvimento de uma micro-blockchain privada para a coleta de dados de dispositivos da Internet Industrial das Coisas (IIoT) utilizando microeletrˆonicos com funcionalidades similares. O DHT11 foi empregado como sensor de temperatura, enquanto o ESP32 WROOM foi utilizado como microcontrolador IIoT, demonstrando um desempenho superior ao Arduino Nano 33 IoT em aplica¸c˜oes IIoT. A pesquisa concentrouse na seguran¸ca da comunica¸c˜ao de dados em ambientes fabris na camada de aplica¸c˜ao, levando em considera¸c˜ao a prevalˆencia de ataques cibern´eticos. Foi proposto um m´etodo que, apesar da necessidade de implementa¸c˜ao manual de dados, apresentou resultados significativos em termos de funcionalidade e aplicabilidade. A transmiss˜ao de dados do protocolo MQTT em uma rede blockchain web3 provou ser segura contra ataques Man-inthe- Middle e DDoS. ´E importante ressaltar que as transa¸c˜oes realizadas na micro-blockchain n˜ao envolvem o gasto de bitcoins. O estudo tamb´em explorou o uso do Proof of Work (PoW) na micro-blockchain para produzir o carimbo de data/hora da cria¸c˜ao da chave privada. Foram identificadas limita¸c˜oes e sugeridas pesquisas futuras para automatizar o processo de implementa¸c˜ao de dados. Diretrizes para trabalhos futuros foram propostas, incluindo a comunica¸c˜ao f´ısica cabeada e a restri¸c˜ao da troca de informa¸c˜ao ao acesso de chaves privada e p´ublica. Este estudo contribuiu para a literatura existente e abriu novas possibilidades para pesquisas futuras na integra¸c˜ao segura de dispositivos IIoT em ambientes fabris.
Teknologi blockchain telah menjadi fokus utama dalam pengembangan aplikasi web terdesentralisasi, membuka era baru dalam evolusi internet yang dikenal sebagai Web3. Di tengah perkembangan ini, perusahaan startup PT. Pintar Media Teknologi memperkenalkan aplikasi launchpad cryptocurrency yang mengandalkan teknologi blockchain untuk memberikan solusi terdesentralisasi dalam perdagangan aset crypto. Penulis mendapatkan kesempatan untuk melakukan penelitian pada PT. Pintar Media Teknologi untuk membangun aplikasi launchpad cryptocurrency. Metodologi pengembangan aplikasi blockchain yang diterapkan adalah metodologi Agile Scrum. Melalui analisis fitur-fitur yang dikembangkan, seperti perancangan Entity Relationship Diagram, desain basis data, hingga implementasi fitur-fitur utama seperti autentikasi menggunakan Web3, manajemen token, dan manajemen launchpad. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan wawasan tentang praktik pengembangan aplikasi blockchain dan kontribusi penulis pada penelitian ini adalah merancang dan mengimplementasi sistem informasi launchpad cryptocurrency sesuai dengan kebutuhan para stakeholders sehingga dapat mempercepat proses pengembangan produk.
In the wake of blockchain and Web3 technological advancements, Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) have emerged as prominent digital assets within the realms of art, gaming, and virtual commodities. Unlike their traditional counterparts, NFT auctions harness the virtues of decentralization, transparency, and immutability, ushering in a new era for trading artworks and other digital assets. This paper embarks on an exploration, first laying down the foundational principles of blockchain technology and NFTs. A comparative analysis follows, juxtaposing the dynamics of NFT auctions with the modus operandi of traditional auctions. Within the theoretical scaffold, the nuances of decentralization and trust in NFT auctions are elucidated, spotlighting the pivotal role of smart contracts throughout the auction trajectory. The emphasis also gravitates towards transparency and security, two cornerstones ensuring the integrity of the auction process. Diving into the methodology, this section delineates the research blueprint and the techniques employed for program testing. Delving into the practicalities, the discourse meticulously unpacks the architecture and operability of the smart contract, gauging its efficacy through rigorous assessments. Beyond the present scope, the paper ventures to uncover potential applications and horizons awaiting NFT auctions across diverse sectors.
Michael Paul Kramer, Jochen Heussner, Jon Henrich Hanf
Abstract A recent publication reports that the number of active Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) in self-custodial wallets has grown exponentially in the past years across several industries. This study analyzed 65 token-based use cases in the wine sector. It was found that most current applications revolve around the downstream part of the supply chain. The research has also demonstrated that the various solutions involving fungible tokens and NFTs can be classified into three categories. Consequently, a taxonomy has been introduced. Furthermore, it was identified that digital tokens can solve current challenges in the wine industry related to provenance, proof of origin, authenticity, and fraud prevention. At the same time, the utilization of tokens enables an extended consumer interaction with the product. Managers potentially considering connecting their physical products and services with digital tokens can obtain insights towards their use in the web3 economy.
We present a Chain-of-Action (CoA) framework for multimodal and retrieval-augmented Question-Answering (QA). Compared to the literature, CoA overcomes two major challenges of current QA applications: (i) unfaithful hallucination that is inconsistent with real-time or domain facts and (ii) weak reasoning performance over compositional information. Our key contribution is a novel reasoning-retrieval mechanism that decomposes a complex question into a reasoning chain via systematic prompting and pre-designed actions. Methodologically, we propose three types of domain-adaptable `Plug-and-Play' actions for retrieving real-time information from heterogeneous sources. We also propose a multi-reference faith score (MRFS) to verify and resolve conflicts in the answers. Empirically, we exploit both public benchmarks and a Web3 case study to demonstrate the capability of CoA over other methods.
Modern culture, which began to develop since the 18th century, became a catalyst for the growth of information technology systems, especially the internet, which has now reached the Web 3.0 or Web3 level. At this level, the internet becomes a decentralised space when users have complete autonomy and control over the data they share consensually. However, because it is a force steeped in exploitative and manipulative agendas, Web3 is potentially vulnerable to commodity fetishism and perhaps even a return to forms of domination through capital accumulation. As a result, elements in Web3 that were promoted as resistance to internet privatization have instead become opportunities for exploitative parties to accumulate wealth. This article delves deeper into how Web3 shows the tension between dominant currents and resistance to global multinational power systems. In this context, the authors use Antonio Negri’s perspective in Empire and Multitude to investigate the complex dynamics that occur. By understanding how Web3 interacts with dominant forces and their resistance, one can explore the potential and challenges faced in positioning the development of the internet towards a more inclusive and equitable realm.
This paper presents, for the first time, the Mediterraneous protocol. It is designed to support the development of an Internet of digital services, owned by their creators, and consumed by users by presenting their decentralised digital identity and a proof of service purchase. Mediterraneous is Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI) native, integrating the SSI model at the core of its working principles to overcome the limitations resulting from using pseudonyms and centralised access control of existing Web3 solutions.
The widespread availability of tools to collect and share spatial data enables us to produce a large amount of geographic information on a daily basis. This enormous production of spatial data requires scalable data management systems. Geospatial architectures have changed from clusters to cloud architectures and more parallel and distributed processing platforms to be able to tackle these challenges. Peer-to-peer (P2P) systems as a backbone of distributed systems have been established in several application areas such as web3, blockchains, and crypto-currencies. Unlike centralized systems, data storage in P2P networks is distributed across network nodes, providing scalability and no single point of failure. However, managing and processing queries on these networks has always been challenging. In this work, we propose a spatio-temporal indexing data structure, DSTree. DSTree does not require additional Distributed Hash Trees (DHTs) to perform multi-dimensional range queries. Inserting a piece of new geographic information updates only a portion of the tree structure and does not impact the entire graph of the data. For example, for time-series data, such as storing sensor data, the DSTree performs around 40% faster in spatio-temporal queries for small and medium datasets. Despite the advantages of our proposed framework, challenges such as 20% slower insertion speed or semantic query capabilities remain. We conclude that more significant research effort from GIScience and related fields in developing decentralized applications is needed. The need for the standardization of different geographic information when sharing data on the IPFS network is one of the requirements.
The blockchain technology can become a solution in data privacy and protection, being considered a public and decentralized database, in which the identity of a user is masked in the form of an address. Based on this technology, several decentralized protocols such as Bitcoin or Ethereum have been created, with the help of which decentralized applications can be created. In this article, we examine how these technologies can be used to ensure the transparency of a software application, but also the privacy and protection of user data. Other facilities like Non-Fungible Token - NFT and Smart Contract are used. The paper proposes the design and the implementation (including the source code) of a web platform for education / courses incorporating blockchain technology. The results and conclusions are showed. Finally, the contributions of the paper, the limitations and future works are also highlighted.
If you are a true techno-enthusiast, you must have heard news like Dubai becoming the World’s first blockchain-powered government, news about Telangana government’s decision to set up India’s first blockchain district in Hyderabad, also, news about Jharkhand becoming the first state in the nation to distribute seeds utilizing the blockchain technology and many more. Recently, we have witnessed how a variety of transactions are enforced autonomously without any intermediary in between. The remarkable use of Blockchain technology in cryptocurrency or digital currency was just the beginning. This technology has transformed the way we ensure corporate governance and security. This disruptive technology has great potential to change business models to enhance security. Such innovation that promotes the existence of decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) with the required decision-making, regulatory, accountability and incentive framework looks so fascinating. You cannot deny the fact that these decentralized ledger records, smart contracts to automate the processes and continuous auditing procedures can control system manipulations to a great extent. This technology can provide the necessary foundation and infrastructure needed for the Web3 iteration of the World Wide Web (WWW). Let’s understand how Web3 and blockchain together may help minimize the power and control of Big Tech giants by providing more transparent and distributed sharing options. The present research study highlights the tremendous potential that blockchain technology has in solving day to day issues that are encountered in governance. It tries to address the root causes behind it rather than controlling them superficially. This technology, surely, helps organizations and the government in controlling the scope of manipulations in the system.
Open access
Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
Internet of Things and AI
Innovations and Analysis in Business and Education
Oleksandr Kuznetsov, Dzianis Kanonik, Alex Rusnak, Anton Yezhov · 6 authors
The scalability of blockchain technology remains a pivotal challenge, impeding its widespread adoption across various sectors. This study introduces an innovative approach to address this challenge by proposing the adaptive restructuring of Merkle and Verkle trees, fundamental components of blockchain architecture responsible for ensuring data integrity and facilitating efficient verification processes. Unlike traditional static tree structures, our adaptive model dynamically adjusts the configuration of these trees based on usage patterns, significantly reducing the average path length required for verification and, consequently, the computational overhead associated with these processes. Through a comprehensive conceptual framework, we delineate the methodology for adaptive restructuring, encompassing both binary and non-binary tree configurations. This framework is validated through a series of detailed examples, demonstrating the practical feasibility and the efficiency gains achievable with our approach. Moreover, we present a comparative analysis with existing scalability solutions, highlighting the unique advantages of adaptive restructuring in terms of simplicity, security, and efficiency enhancement without introducing additional complexities or dependencies. This study's implications extend beyond theoretical advancements, offering a scalable, secure, and efficient method for blockchain data verification that could facilitate broader adoption of blockchain technology in finance, supply chain management, and beyond. As the blockchain ecosystem continues to evolve, the principles and methodologies outlined herein are poised to contribute significantly to its growth and maturity.
Andreea Raluca Duguleană, Cristina Tănăsescu, Mihai Duguleană
This research aims to establish the primary drivers influencing the development and consumers’ decision-making process in web3 games—decentralized games that function according to the play-to-earn paradigm. We observe several types of micro-economies developed within five play-to-earn games and highlight four roles consumers play at any given time. Our study offers a different perspective on rational consumer behaviour in cryptocurrency-based games and paves the way to better understanding their dynamics and evolution. Results shed light on the construction of in-game economies and how individuals of a given type engage in different playing activities. Furthermore, we compare the key features of web3 games with those similar to classic online games and assess if the play-and-earn implementations represent an evolution from previous revenue models. Using our proposed methodology, researchers can compare and classify any P2E games. We conclude by establishing a set of actions that enable consumers to benefit from this new phenomenon.
Koteswara Rao Kodepogu, Mudigonda Dharmateja, J. M. S. V. Ravi Kumar, Muraboina Hari Pavan Gopi Krishna · 5 authors
In this exploration, our paper delves into the intricate implementation of robust authentication and transaction management within educational blockchain systems.Our project showcases a commitment to privacy and integrity, safeguarding interactions through advanced cryptographic techniques.The multifaceted capabilities of blockchain technology are showcased through the seamless maintenance of student records, the facilitation of secure voting processes, and the optimization of token transfers, collectively contributing to an ecosystem characterized by enhanced security, transparency, and efficiency.Our study uncovers insights into blockchain's transformative potential in education, redefining paradigms by introducing security measures and transparency to student-admin interactions.We highlight the successful implementation of blockchainbased authentication and transaction management systems, leading to enhanced educational processes.Additionally, we briefly outline our research design and methodology, emphasizing the rigorous approach to exploring blockchain applications.
Joshua Tan, Max Langenkamp, Anna Weichselbraun, Ann Brody · 5 authors
The governance of online communities has been a critical issue since the first USENET groups, and a number of serious constitutions -- declarations of goals, values, and rights -- have emerged since the mid-1990s. More recently, decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) have begun to publish their own constitutions, manifestos, and other governance documents. There are two unique aspects to these documents: they (1) often govern significantly more resources than previously-observed online communities, and (2) are used in conjunction with smart contracts that can secure certain community rights and processes through code. In this article, we analyze 25 DAO constitutions, observe a number of common patterns, and provide a template and a set of recommendations to support the crafting and dissemination of future DAO constitutions. We conclude with a report on how our template and recommendations were then used within the actual constitutional drafting process of a major blockchain.
This article investigates the intricate dynamics of data monopolies, referred to as “data-opolies”, and their implications for democratic erosion. Data-opolies, typically embodied by large technology corporations, accumulate extensive datasets, affording them significant influence. The sustainability of such data practices is critically examined within the context of decentralized Web3 technologies amidst Artificial Intelligence (AI) disruption. Additionally, the article explores emancipatory datafication strategies to counterbalance the dominance of data-opolies. It presents an in-depth analysis of two emergent phenomena within the decentralized Web3 emerging landscape: People-Centered Smart Cities and Datafied Network States. The article investigates a paradigm shift in data governance and advocates for joint efforts to establish equitable data ecosystems, with an emphasis on prioritizing data sovereignty and achieving digital self-governance. It elucidates the remarkable roles of (i) blockchain, (ii) decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs), and (iii) data cooperatives in empowering citizens to have control over their personal data. In conclusion, the article introduces a forward-looking examination of Web3 decentralized technologies, outlining a timely path toward a more transparent, inclusive, and emancipatory data-driven democracy. This approach challenges the prevailing dominance of data-opolies and offers a framework for regenerating datafied democracies through decentralized and emerging Web3 technologies.
Decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) are not a novel social phenomenon; rather, they draw inspiration from self-organizing systems and are often regarded as digital counterparts of cooperatives (Co-ops), wherein members fully own and govern the organization. The advancement of digital solutions for decentralization, such as Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), along with the emergence of the third generation of websites (Web3) and platforms, has propelled DAOs to a new echelon. As such, DAOs represent the next generation of organizations, aptly referred to as Organization 5.0 in the context of Society 5.0. The objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the evolutionary trajectory of decentralized autonomous organizations and their classification. The advent of Ethereum in 2015 enabled the realization of DAOs, with "The DAO" being the first large-scale example established in 2016 as a decentralized venture fund within the Ethereum ecosystem. Over time, DAOs have expanded their scope beyond fundraising and have evolved to serve various purposes. To provide a comprehensive context, the paper presents background information on the evolution of blockchain applications and discusses ethical considerations related to DAOs. In order to identify the most common categories of DAOs, this paper consults various DAO explorers and include, for each identified category, a descriptive example of a DAO. Finally, the paper concludes by offering an outlook on the future of DAOs.
The advantages of publicly distributed, transparent, accountable, traceable, safe, and well organized database ledger has made the blockchain technology gained popularity and acceptance. As the world keeps growing in the knowledge and the adoption of the technology, it is very important to practically harness the opportunities in this technology in land administration system to combat the insecurity, poor database and copyright challenges facing land ownership transactions in the Cadastre System in developing countries. The aim of this paper is to examine the practicability of harnessing the Web3 Technology in Land Ownership Transactions with an objective to mint and transact a Registrable Instrument on a cryptographic blockchain. To achieve this, two Non- Fungible Token (NFT) accounts were created on Core blockchain, two templates of survey plans were also minted into an Art NFT on the same blockchain. The Minted NFTs were transacted (transferred and sold) between the two accounts on the YoungParrot NFT marketplace. These two transactions (sales and transfer) were completed, recorded and stored on the blockchain public ledger, with evidence that can be traced and viewed on the blockchain using the transaction hash/ID. The blockchain transaction was found to be fast, effortless, secured and organized on the blockchain transaction ledger, hence presenting the Web3 blockchain Technology as a possible solution to the challenges facing the Cadastre System. However, the acceptance of the technology in land administration, land ownership and transactions still face some other administrative challenges which this paper further addressed.
This paper explores the relationship between the development of the internet and health care, highlighting their parallel growth and mutual influence. It delves into the transition from the early, static days of Web 1.0, akin to siloed physician expertise in health care, to the more interactive and patient-centric era of Web 2.0, which was accompanied by advancements in medical technologies and patient engagement. This paper then focuses on the emerging era of Web3-the decentralized web-which promises a transformative shift in health care, particularly in how patient data are managed, accessed, and used. This shift toward Web3 involves using blockchain technology for decentralized data storage to enhance patient data access, control, privacy, and value. This paper also examines current applications and pilot projects demonstrating Web3's practical use in health care and discusses key questions and considerations for its successful implementation.
Through the development of the metaverse concept from the Sumerian myth (5500 - 1800 BC) and mind-altering novel, “Snow Crash” in 1992, to today’s information age, human- and society-centred urban metaverse worlds, an extension of residents and urban society where the virtual and the physically real blend and are more organically integrated, are meant to mirror the fabric of urban life with no harm to their residents. The success of urban metaverse cybercommunities depends on the quality of data-driven Smart City (SC) Digital Twins (DTs), the seamless exchange of data between cyber and physical worlds (e.g. between residents and their counterpart “Avatars’’) and the processing of the data effectively and efficiently with no vicious interventions. The potential risks in this ecosystem that incorporates Web3 can be extremer than the ones in Web2 since users are immersed with multiple tightly coupled wearable sensor-rich devices perceiving the blend of the real and the virtual with possible imminent negative experiences. This study, by analysing potential cyberthreats in the urban metaverse cyberspaces, proposes a blockchain-based Decentralised Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning (DPPML) authentication and verification technique, which uses the metaverse immersive devices and can be instrumented effectively against identity impersonation and theft of credentials, identity, or avatars.