Blockchain Papers

Jianzheng Shi, Yue Wang, Terence Ow

No abstract is available for this record.

Martina Černá

No abstract is available for this record.

Fred Riggins, Samuel Fosso Wamba

Distributed autonomous organizations (DAOs) are a new organization form that resides entirely on a blockchain. In a DAO, organizational governance rules are hardcoded in an immutable smart contract. This paper examines whether DAOs are able to adapt their governance structures when shocks in the external environment occur. If the DAO is truly decentralized and governance is hardcoded in a smart contract, then effective adaptation may be a challenge. Using case examples, we illustrate approaches to governance adaptation including orderly voting by DAO members, contentious voting with exit by some participants as the DAO evolve, hard forks in the event of negotiation failure, off-chain resolution mechanisms, and the role of a “benevolent dictator”. We provide justification for why DAOs may not be as decentralized as conceptualized if they are to be effective. Our research contributes to the theoretical development of DAO management strategies as this new organizational form evolves.

Francesco Santoro

This article explores the concept of autopoiesis and its application to Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAOs). Autopoiesis describes the self-producing and self-maintaining characteristics of living systems, a concept that has been applied in various fields beyond biology. DAOs, operating on blockchain technology, exhibit a level of autonomy, transparency, and democratic governance. They are self-governing and self-sustaining systems that operate based on coded rules and protocols. The article suggests that DAOs align with the concept of autopoiesis, making them a specific type of complex system. Diverse case studies demonstrate the resilience and autopoietic features of these organizations. All things considered, the concept of autopoiesis could provide a valuable lens for understanding DAOs.

Michael Lustenberger, Florian Spychiger, Lukas Küng, Pedro Cuadra

This guidebook summarizes the insights and outcomes from the Innosuisse Project 103.141 IP-ICT Designing and Implementing a Decentralized Autonomous Organization. Running from November 2022 to May 2024, the project was conducted as a collaborative effort between the ZHAW Institute for Organizational Viability and DecentAge AG with support from Innosuisse and Infinity Economics, Stefan Kneller. The project’s primary objective was to develop a robust DAO Design Framework and deploy it on the Infinity Economics Platform (IEP). DecentAge AG successfully executed this model on the IEP, giving users an easy way to create and manage DAOs directly on the blockchain. This implementation allows organizations to operate without centralized management, streamlining governance and enhancing accessibility. This guide will provide you with the essential practical and scientific understanding of DAOs and how to effectively structure the initiation process in accordance with a DAO Design Canvas.

Juanjuan Li, Xiaolong Liang, Rui Qin, Fei–Yue Wang

As the key component of the emerging Web3, Decentralized Autonomous Organizations and Operations (DAOs) enables decentralized decision-making and governance mainly driven by blockchain and smart contracts. This paper first provides a comprehensive examination of DAOs’ evolution, tracing their historical development and the progression of their definitions and underlying concepts. Then, it presents their classical governance models founded on token economics and analyzes typical practical cases, subsequently identifying the current dilemmas faced by DAO governance. To address these dilemmas, TRUE Autonomous Organizations and Operations (TAOs) are proposed, which underscores the trustable, reliable, usable, efficient and effective essence of decentralization. Besides, the distinctions between TAOs and DAOs are discussed from perspective of the value systems, governance structures, incentive allocation, decision-making model. Furthermore, it highlights the research issues that need to be addressed to realize the full potential of TAOs.

Zineb Lamghari

In a distributed peer-to-peer network, blockchain technology enables the secure transmission of digital assets.This is done based on intellectual agreement capabilities.Indeed, blockchain world has developed into a tool for managing transversal processes on an unbiased platform.Process mining has evolved as a well-known toolkit for comprehending different organization processes.Recently, researchers developed strategies for resolving the issue of collecting reliable data gathered from blockchains in order to improve the examination of blockchain applications employing process mining.There is yet to be a clear assessment of the utility of process mining on public blockchain event logs.In this paper, we will validate the applicability of process mining on public blockchain event logs by treating ChickenHunt data set.ChickenHunt is a competitive game that is operated as a Decentralized application on Ethereum blockchain network.

Bokolo Anthony

Abstract Distributed Ledger technology (DLT) has recently emerged as a disruptive system with a wide range of applicability, with prospect to improve societal interactions at large. In virtual enterprise (VE) context researchers and practitioners have started to investigate the deployment of DLT to automate the processing of data and implementation of decisions to support the provision of digital services. Although academic interest in this domain is growing, a practical analysis of DLT from a governance perspective is still lacking to date. Accordingly, this study aims to fill this gap and provide implications related to decentralized governance of DLT. This article develops an architectural governance-by-design framework that defines the governance of DLT as a combination of architectural layers and governance of DLT dimensions. Design science is employed, and IOTA tangle an open-source DLT which employs a decentralized asynchronous network is deployed to evaluate the applicability of the developed architectural governance-by-design framework through qualitative interviews and literature inquiry. The findings confirm the developed architectural governance-by-design framework and offer a shared discussion and insight surrounding the topic of governance of DLT. The findings also identify limitations associated with governance of DLT solutions and proposes policy recommendations to be used as guidelines for practitioners to improve the adoption of DLT to accelerate VE digitalization.

Patrick Nicolas Tinguely, Yash Raj Shrestha

Abstract Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) are digital assets based on blockchain technology that are increasingly being used for various applications in organizations. Given NFTs’ unique technological features, we posit that traditional, centralized organizations can adopt them to introduce novel solutions to the fundamental problems of organizing, namely, division of labor and integration of efforts. We examine the prospects and promises of NFT-enabled organization design and suggest how organizations can navigate its potential hurdles. We discuss critical boundary conditions for the deployment of NFTs in organization design and conclude by articulating how our Point of View article contributes to scholarship on blockchain technology and decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs).

Jinyan Liu

Current infrastructure construction is the key of the national policy, along with the expansion of business areas, branch subsidiary is more, the traditional enterprise management system more difficult to adapt to the subsidiary, branch, distribution is more decentralized management needs of enterprise, the management of construction enterprises difficult to ascend, mainly reflected in operation of separation of goods. Financial sharing center is one of the methods to promote the integration of industry and finance and improve the efficiency of enterprise management. The cost accounting process is an important business process in the construction process. This paper optimizes the cost accounting business process of construction enterprises based on the financial sharing center, so as to improve the informatization and standardization level of construction enterprises, enhance the integration level of industry and finance, and improve the efficiency of cost management.

Sante Dino Facchini

The Ph.D research project aims to explore the potential of the Decentralized Autonomous Organization paradigm in conjunction with classic software architectures for Artificial Intelligence applications. The intended goal is to investigate and formalize a possible integration path between Multi-agent System architectures and Decentralized Autonomous Organizations. Starting from the Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents standards, we will extend basic primitives to integrate Multi-agent Systems on Distributed Ledger Technology networks. Possible deployment of services and applications in the Internet-of-Things, Artificial Intelligence and Distributed Machine Learning areas will be tested. Application of Data Analysis techniques on datasets built on such a framework will be also addressed.

Lam Duc Nguyen, Arne Bröring, Massimo Pizzol, Petar Popovski

In recent years, industrial manufacturing has undergone massive technological changes that embrace digitalization and automation towards the vision of intelligent manufacturing plants. With the aim of maximizing efficiency and profitability in production, an important goal is to enable flexible manufacturing, both, for the customer (desiring more individualized products) and for the manufacturer (to adjust to market demands). Manufacturing-as-a-service can support this through manufacturing plants that are used by different tenants who utilize the machines in the plant, which are offered by different providers. To enable such pay-per-use business models, Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is a viable option to establish decentralized trust and traceability. Thus, in this paper, we study potential DLT technologies for efficient and intelligent integration of DLT-based solutions in manufacturing environments. We propose a general framework to adapt DLT in manufacturing, and then we introduce the use case of shared manufacturing, which we utilize to study the communication and computation efficiency of selected DLTs in resource-constrained wireless IoT networks.

ITI

DELTA is a project funded by the Valencian Institute for Business Competitiveness (IVACE) and the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER). DELTA project is aimed at bringing companies closer to the use of different disruptive technologies such as Blockchain / Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLT). To achieve its goal, DELTA will provide: A software tool for automating the deployment of DLT networks, regardless of the number of required nodes, or the process of joining an existing network. A modular mechanism that allows the synchronization of DLTs with databases. The goal of this mechanism is to ease and improve the way data is retrieved from a DLT ledger. An accountability tool for shared environments for the exchange of services that brings in some of the most important characteristics of blockchain/DLTs: facilitating auditing and accountability by each participant, use of tokens, etc. This document corresponds to a poster of the project as one of the dissemination activities.

Michela Magas, Dimitris Kiritsis

This paper introduces the background, concept and definition of the Industry Commons. It initiates a discussion on the positioning of the Industry Commons Ecosystem (ICE) with respect to current research directions in advanced manufacturing and production systems that shape advances in engineering and technology, novel business models and innovation breakthroughs. The potential value of data sharing across industrial domains is estimated at over $100 billion, particularly in view of optimising manufacturing processes. Data sharing across domains however faces a series of well-documented challenges associated with the lack of semantic interoperability and related standards, management of trust and sustainability. Solving bottlenecks in data sharing requires a systemic approach to data management, which can account for all aspects of data use, levels of application, attribution and dynamic exchanges. In this paper we propose a high-level ecosystem approach that integrates societal values with digital affordances of industry’s cognitive-assisted processes, remote interfacing, hybrid applications and large-scale value networks. Early development of an Ontology Commons EcoSystem (OCES) is presented as the key enabling framework for Industry Commons interoperability and a series of enabling frameworks form the basis of future research directions in Trusted Data Sharing and Closed-Loop Lifecycle Management for greater sustainability.Abbreviations: AI – Artificial Intelligence; AIOTI – Alliance of Internet-of-Things Innovation; ALM – Asset Lifecycle Management; ALO – Application-Level Ontology; AP – Application Protocol; API – Application Programming Interface; B2B – Business-to-Business; B2C – Business-to-Customer; CDE – Cross-Domain Ecosystem; CDEI – Cross-Domain Ecosystem Interoperability; CL2M – Closed-Loop Lifecycle Management; CNO – Collaborative Networked Organisations; CPS – Cyber-Physical Systems; CSR – Corporate Social Responsibility; DLO – Domain-Level Ontology; DLT – Distributed Ledger Technology; EM – Enterprise Modelling; FAIR – Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable; GUI – Graphical User Interface; ICE, Industry Commons Ecosystem; IOF – Industrial Ontology Foundry; IP – Intellectual Property; IPR – Intellectual Property Rights; ISN – Intertwined Supply Network; MIR – Music Information Retrieval; MLO – Middle-Level Ontology; MO – Meta-Ontology; OCES – Ontology Commons EcoSystem; PI – Physical Internet; PLM – Product Lifecycle Management; ROI – Return-on-Investment; SC – Supply Chain; SCM – Supply Chain Management; SOS – System-of-Systems; TDS – Trusted Data Sharing; TLO – Top-Level Ontology; TRO – Top Reference Ontology; TUI – Tangible User Interface.

Nikola Todorović, Marko Vještica, Nenad Todorović, Vladimir Dimitrieski · 5 authors

Due to strong competition and rapidly shifting market conditions, it is becoming harder for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) to achieve business success. To deal with rising challenges, SMEs form Virtual Organizations (VOs) and seize business opportunities jointly. In this paper, we present an outline of a novel methodological approach that promotes trustworthy collaborative production execution within a non-hierarchical VO. Furthermore, we propose using Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) platforms and smart contracts to facilitate VO integration. The approach is based on the MultiProLan Domain-Specific Modeling Language (DSML) extended with concepts required to allow process designers to (i) model collaborative production processes while preserving the confidentiality of private enterprise data and (ii) configure what data should be shared between participants during the collaborative production execution. Designed process models are used to automatically generate smart contracts by following the Model-Driven (MD) principles. Finally, generated smart contracts are stored in a DLT network and used to distribute production data between VO participants and monitor production execution in near real-time. The application of our methodological approach is demonstrated by showcasing the use of the Collaborative Extension of MultiProLan (CE-MultiProLan) modeling language and its concepts for modeling collaborative production processes.

Authors unavailable

Block chain is a technology Such as mathematics, algorithms, cryptography and economic models Developed using a combination of different techniques. The Black Chain is all digital and decentralized is the general ledger of crypto currenc y transactions. Block chain is posts or all is a database of transactions or digital events Public ledgers are a database that is activated and shared between participants. In the company of each transaction in a public parade Verified with the consensus of the majority of participants. Also, once logged in, Information can never be erased. Made so far on the Black Chain There is a specific and verifiable record of each transaction. Bit coin, decentralized probing digital currency, for the use of block chain technology The most famous example. Bit coin, the digital currency, is highly controversial, But the basic block chain technology Flawless, it is pervasive Detected applications. The world of operating finance and finance. These white papers are some specific applications of block chain technology Describes the financial and non-financial sectors. We see challenges and business opportunities in this basic technology; it is ready to revolutionize our digital world..

K. Sumitha P.N. Kannan, Alaa Garad

Purpose This study investigates the competencies required for quality management professionals to meet the needs of industry 4.0. The authors use a case study strategy at an electronics manufacturer in southern Malaysia, to adapt their role to be relevant in the industry 4.0 environment. In doing so, this study answers the following four questions: (1) How are the changing technological trends expected to impact the future role of quality in industry 4.0? (2) What are the competencies gap between current and future roles of quality professionals? (3) What are the views and practices related to quality roles? (4) How can the gaps identified be closed to meet the quality challenges of industry 4.0? Design/methodology/approach The research methods consist of a comprehensive review of literature on the technological trends towards industry 4.0 and the impact on the role of quality and competence that may be required in the future, as well as internal document review on the current roles of quality professionals in an electronics manufacturer in southern Malaysia, to identify the competence gap. Empirical data was collected based on surveys conducted on 64 quality professionals with a response rate of 96.88%. Interviews were conducted on three decision-makers from critical areas in the electronics manufacturer for viewpoints from three different perspectives: finance, operations and talent development. Findings Quality professionals will require technical competencies to interpret large amounts of data from processes to make strategic decisions, the use of new AR tools and be aware of data security risks. Methodological competencies will be required to use data to identify the source of problems, to access reliable sources of learning and the ability to use new tools for solving complex problems efficiently. Social competencies will be required in communications across multi-sites, suppliers and customers in new collaborative virtual platforms, with the ability to retain tacit and explicit knowledge, in a decentralized environment that will require leadership ability to make decisions. Personal competencies required will be the ability to work in a flexible workplace and time and more frequent work-related changes. Research limitations/implications The limitation of the study is based on what the authors currently know of the future, which may not be much for the quality professionals in the electronics manufacturer, who have not been exposed much to the technology yet. The potential for the future landscape to change dramatically with rapid technology changes may also result in a different set of skills for future quality professionals. The quality professionals who were involved in this study were the quality executives, engineers and managers, irrespective of their gender, age, length of service and experience in the field of quality. Therefore, these variables were not taken into consideration for this research. Practical implications This research helped to identify the role of quality in industry 4.0 and key competencies that the quality professionals in the electronics manufacturer will require to adapt to their role in industry 4.0. However, based on the questionnaire and the interview comments of key personnel, it can be concluded that quality professionals lack awareness of their new roles in industry 4.0. This could be due to the fact that the new technology is not implemented by quality professionals but by the innovation team based in Singapore headquarters, as was also advised by the operations head. Social implications The benefit of industry 4.0 technology is clearly shown by Philips's new Dutch factory with robotized technology that was able to produce the same output with one-tenth of the workers of its China factory (Rifkin, 2014, chapter 8). Rojko (2017, p. 80) also shared a similar view that industry 4.0 is expected to reduce production costs by 10–30%, logistics costs by 10–30% and quality management costs by 10–20%. The importance of this research can be seen from the findings of “The Future of Jobs” (2018, p. 22), which suggests that the window of opportunity for organizations to leverage the new technology to re-skill is within the period of 2018–2022, in order to enable employees to reach full potential in the high value-added tasks. The electronics manufacturer may need to keep to this timeline to maintain its competitive advantage. Originality/value The purpose of this paper was to determine the competence gap of current quality professionals in the electronics manufacturer with the competencies required in industry 4.0. This led to the third objective, to identify the views of stakeholders based on the propositions derived from the gaps identified, to triangulate the findings, to conclude the competency gaps of the current quality professionals in the electronics manufacturer. Finally, the objective of this paper was to make a recommendation on how to prepare the quality professionals in the electronics manufacturer for their role in industry 4.0. The research identified the technical, methodological, social and personal competencies gap of the quality professionals in the electronics manufacturer by looking at the changes expected in industry 4.0 from four aspects, factory (people and process), business, product and customers.

Authors unavailable

Blockchain technology establishes an ecosystem in IoT that is creditworthy among the participants for high-security requirements. However, there has not been comprehensive researches done on the blockchain in IoT nor its application potential in Project management. The objectives of this research are to investigate the role of blockchain in IoT and to identify prospective applications of blockchain technology in project management. Both IoT and project management require the secured data transmission and effective yet efficient data management. The blockchain-based technology can be applied in the areas of IoT and project management because it can provide immutability, transparency between users in a complex system. This research needs to be extended to build a prototype open-source blockchain-based project management application.

Florian Gräbe, Niclas Kannengießer, Sebastian Lins, Ali Sunyaev

Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) enables a new way of inter-organizational collaboration via a shared and distributed infrastructure. Meanwhile, there is plenty of DLT designs (e.g., Ethereum, IOTA), which differ in their capabilities to meet use case requirements. A structured comparison of DLT designs is required to support the decision for an appropriate DLT design. However, existing criteria and processes are abstract or not suitable for an in-depth comparison of DLT designs. We select and operationalize DLT characteristics relevant for a comprehensive comparison of DLT designs. Furthermore, we propose a comparison process, which enables the structured comparison of a set of DLT designs according to application requirements. The proposed process is validated with a use case analysis of three use cases. We contribute to research and praxis by introducing ways to operationalize DLT characteristics and generate a process to compare different DLT designs accordingly to their suitability in a use case.

Markus Schinle, Christina Erler, Wilhelm Stork

Costs, risks and inefficiencies in Collaborative Networks (CNs) resulting from information asymmetries have been discussed in the scientific community for years. In this work, supply chain networks, as common representative of CNs, are used as object of investigation. Therein, problems and requirements of interorganizational information exchange are elaborated as well as the potential role Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) could play to address them. As major challenge, convincing all relevant network partners to resolve asymmetric information by sharing sensitive data is identified. To face this issue, the value of shared information is prioritized as a motivational aspect. Finally, we propose a search process to systematically assess the benefits of information sharing in collaborative networks. To coordinate and implement this process regarding the derived requirements of CNs we propose system components based on DLT design patterns.

Weiting Li, Zhi-Ping Lu

Block chain is a decentralized infrastructure that is widely used in emerging digital cryptocurrencies and has received attention and research as Bitcoin has gradually become accepted. Block chain technology is the underlying technology of Bitcoin. Its decentralization, block data cannot be tampered with, and it is trusted, which makes its application in various fields gradually gaining attention. With the deepening of the phenomenon of globalization and division of labor, the supply chain of modern enterprises began to appear fragmentary, complex, decentralized, and other phenomena, which brought great challenges to the supply chain management. First of all, it gives a basic overview of the block chain technology, explains its composition, basic framework and technical characteristics, then analyzes the problems in the current supply chain management, and finally points out that the block chain technology solves the above-mentioned supply chain management problems. The purpose is to help the block chain technology in the field of supply chain related research.

Wenjin Zhang

The block chain constructs a decentralized trust and collaboration system. The emergence of block chain technology effectively solves the problem that trust and value cannot be transferred in the Internet era, which makes information have value and guarantees the rights and interests of information producers. This paper briefly introduces the basic concept of block chain, and then expounds the application value of block chain technology in the field of global trade and finance.

Hana Mohelská, Marcela Sokolová

The Industry 4.0 concept describes a decentralized production chain that extends from design to the supply chain, production, distribution as well as customer service. Cyber Physical Systems (CPS) employ software and internet-connected machines that communicate in real-time to reduce error rates and increase efficiency. The basis is the co-operation of separate control units that are capable of autonomous decision-making, managing the assigned technological unit and in particular becoming an independent and full member of comprehensive production units. The Industry 4.0 concept requires continuous innovation and education that not only depends on the peoples’ skills but also on organizational culture. Appropriate managerial approaches play a vital role in the development of organizational culture. Most studies discuss technical aspects, but do not pay attention to managerial approaches and organizational culture, which are a major factor influencing the success of this concept. The aim of the paper is to examine the level of organizational culture in the Czech Republic and to seek appropriate managerial approaches for the development of organizational culture that can support the environment for innovation in the organization and therefore facilitate the entrepreneurship in the Industry 4.0 concept. A partial goal will be, among other things, to identify the implications of Industry 4.0 for human resources. In order to determine organizational culture in organizations, a large study was carried out in the form of a questionnaire survey − the Czech translation of Wallach᾽s Questionnaire (1983). According to the findings, the respondents perceive the organizational culture in the organizations under review is more bureaucratic and supportive than innovative. In their view the signs of innovative culture are not so striking. It is necessary to change managerial approaches to support innovative solutions.

Emilien Bai, Kåre Synnes

This paper presents the design and implementation of a reward system for collaborative care of elderly based on distributed ledger technologies. The work is motivated by the demographic change, where an aging population consequently increases the need for care. This causes a great tension in our society, as care resources become increasingly constrained, both regarding costs and availability of care staff. Much of the daily care of the elderly is today done by family members (spouses, children) and friends, often on a voluntarily basis, which adds to the tension. The core idea of this work is to help broaden the involvement of people in caring for our elderly, enabled by a system for collaborative care. The proposed system benefits from recent advances in distributed ledger technologies, which similarly to digital currencies, are build on the ability for mutual agreements between people who do not know each other. The system also benefits from recent gamification techniques to motivate people to collaborate on a larger scale through performing simple daily tasks. The system builds on rewards automatically given when these smart contracts are fulfilled, a gamification technique that is believed to maintain motivation of the volunteers. In this paper, we thus describe a reward system designed to connect elderly and volunteers by mutual agreements implemented as smart contracts.