Blockchain Papers

Beomjoong Kim, Hyoung Joong Kim, Junghee Lee

No abstract is available for this record.

Michael Adjedj, Constantin Blokh, Geoffroy Couteau, Arik Galansky · 6 authors

We present a novel protocol for two-party ECDSA that achieves two rounds (a single back-and-forth communication) at the cost of a single oblivious linear function evaluation (OLE). In comparison, the previous work of Boneh, Haitner, Lindell, and Segev (EUROCRYPT 2025) achieves two rounds but requires expensive zero-knowledge proofs on top of the OLE. We demonstrate this by proving that in the generic group model, any adversary capable of generating forgeries for our protocol can be transformed into an adversary that finds preimages for the ECDSA message digest function (e.g., the SHA family). Interestingly, our analysis is closely related to, and has ramifications for, the ‘presignatures’ mode of operation—Canetti, Gennaro, Goldfeder, Makriyannis, and Peled (CCS 2020), Groth and Shoup (EUROCRYPT 2022).Motivated by applications to embedded cryptocurrency wallets, where a single server maintains distinct, shared public keys with separate clients (i.e., a star-shaped topology), and with the goal of minimizing communication, we instantiate our protocol using Paillier encryption and suitable zero-knowledge proofs. To reduce computational overhead, we thoroughly optimize all components of our protocol under sound cryptographic assumptions, specifically small-exponent variants of RSA-style assumptions.Finally, we implement our protocol and provide benchmarks. At the 128-bit security level, the signing phase requires approximately 50 ms of computation time on a standard linux machine, and 2 KB of bandwidth.

Rowena Gan, Rong Li

No abstract is available for this record.

Katrin Schuler

No abstract is available for this record.

Nabeel Mahdialthabhawi, Ra’ed Fawzi Aburoub, Motiur Rahman, Faris Kamil Hasan Mihna · 5 authors

This study delves into the integration of force majeure and exceptional events into smart contracts. As much as smart contracts simplify the process and guarantee efficiency, the rigidity of these contracts inherently cannot handle unexpected eventualities that might be provided for in a traditional contract with a force majeure clause. This paper explores the impacts of such rigidity and uncovers both practical and theoretical implications for the legal and technological frameworks governing smart contracts through a qualitative analysis of interviews with legal experts, including (attorneys, judges, and academics). The findings show that the immutability of smart contracts leads all too often to disputes, financial risks, and a lack of legal clarity in an unexpected event. Rather than advocating full automation of legal judgment, the study proposes a governance-oriented and legally-grounded framework in which predefined contractual clauses, oracle-based event verification, AI, conditional execution logic, and escalation mechanisms enable controlled and proportionate responses to exceptional events while preserving contractual consent and human oversight. These mechanisms are presented as conceptual and illustrative design strategies through which legal effects can be technically implemented (e.g., suspension, adjustment, termination) under clearly predefined conditions. By integrating empirical legal insights with conceptual technical models, such as a systematic taxonomy of exceptional events, a high-level governance-oriented framework and a procedural flowchart regarding regulatory alignment, the paper contributes to inter-disciplinary literature concerning adaptive governance of smart contracts; the analysis serves as an example how legal doctrines can influence automated contracting without undermining interpretative authority, or legal certainty in cross-border and volatile settings.

Michele Angelo Forlani

No abstract is available for this record.

Hojun Kang, Silvana Trimi, Sang Gun Lee

No abstract is available for this record.

Hatice Banu Yildirim

This paper examines whether social media sentiment derived from Twitter and Reddit improves the explanation and prediction of cryptocurrency volatility. Using Bitcoin and Ethereum as benchmark assets, we combine sentiment indicators with GARCH-type models and the HAR-RV framework. Results suggest that cryptocurrency volatility is primarily driven by internal market dynamics rather than social media sentiment.

MAHA AL-ZBOON, Mu'awya Al-Dala'ien

No abstract is available for this record.

Ricardo Teruel-Gutiérrez

No abstract is available for this record.

Roger Welch

Rongorongo is an undeciphered script from Easter Island (Rapa Nui) surviving on fewer than 30 wooden artifacts. This paper proposes that the surviving corpus constitutes the kohau tau, a named class of annual record tablets documented in Rapanui oral tradition and assumed lost. Computational analysis of 146 parallel passages from the Horley (2021) corpus identifies eight independent structural findings supporting a distributed administrative ledger interpretation: a universal list format across nine passages on multiple artifacts; a lozenge-series quantity notation system with power-law frequency distribution consistent with real resource counts; a standardized subject-quantity-subject ledger entry format on three independent artifacts; a calendar section delimiter encoding the Miru clan chief, lunar official, and fishing activity as a recurring administrative header; directional binary encoding recording resource arrival and departure status; an unsupervised two-zone structural classification showing a 10x difference in list-format rate (18.4% administrative vs. 1.9% ceremonial), cross-validated at 94.5% accuracy; a directional invariance property of the subject-quantity-subject notation confirming it was designed for multiple readers regardless of boustrophedon orientation; and a 20/20 universality score for five compound rules confirmed across Chinese oracle bone script, Egyptian hieroglyphs, Sumerian cuneiform, and Mayan glyphs. A control test applying identical structural features to 58 Uruk-period Sumerian cuneiform tablets with known genre labels achieves 100% classification accuracy, externally validating the methodology. Thomson's (1891) tablet text explicitly listing five resource domains under chiefly control is identified as the administrative charter of the system. Ethnographic documentation from Metraux (1940) confirms the binary seasonal tapu/noa encoding predicted by the lozenge system. The most complete currently interpretable entry records one unit of turtle (honu) in Passage 123 on artifact Gr5, supported by Metoro's native speaker identification, corpus structural analysis, and quantity notation confirmation.

Ramesh Kumar, Joy Dutta, M. Vamsi, Uma Sankararao Varri · 5 authors

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into sixth-generation (6G) networks is a foundational requirement for achieving unprecedented performance, but it also introduces a sophisticated threat landscape that legacy security frameworks cannot address. This paper presents a comprehensive review of this dual role of AI, analyzing its potential to both compromise and safeguard future networks. Since AI has the ability to both protect and compromise security and privacy, its implementation with 6G technology may sometimes be a double-edged sword. The primary objective of this survey is to systematically analyze existing research that integrates AI techniques into 6G architectures, focusing on their implications for security and privacy. Among the concerns being investigated is the fundamental privacy and security risk associated with 6G technologies. Therefore, in order to incorporate and confirm this foundational research as a platform for future research, we have developed a review on the specifics of 6G security and privacy. The methodology involves reviewing recent academic and industrial studies related to AI-enabled 6G frameworks, threat models, and defense mechanisms, with an emphasis on how AI contributes to intrusion detection, authentication, and privacy preservation. This paper begins with a historical analysis of previous networking technologies and how they impacted contemporary 6G networking improvements. Therefore, this article discusses extensively the aspects that have rendered 6G technology relevant as well as the ongoing 6G-based projects. In addition, it identifies and critically evaluates key enabling technologies, including distributed ledger technology (DLT/blockchain), physical layer security (PLS), terahertz (THz) communication, quantum computing, visible light communication (VLC), and distributed AI/ML, that underpin secure 6G environments. The paper concludes by summarizing open challenges, future research opportunities, and potential pathways for building trustworthy AI-driven 6G systems.

John Linarelli

No abstract is available for this record.

Adam Hatefi

No abstract is available for this record.

QIUYING CHEN, Nan Wang, Sang-Joon Lee

No abstract is available for this record.

Fiza Siyal, Antonella Guzzo, Fahed Alkhabbas, D. Saccà · 5 authors

We propose a novel blockchain-based traceability system that uniquely combines Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) to establish secure, tamper-evident, and verifiable digital identities for physical products. Unlike conventional approaches that rely solely on serial numbers or barcodes, our system uses embedded PUFs to generate a physically unclonable ID for each item, ensuring hardware-level authenticity. This PUF ID is cryptographically linked to an NFT minted on a public blockchain, encapsulating metadata such as product origin, manufacturing details, and certification status. Associating NFTs and certifications with PUF-tagged products not only provides transparent provenance but also enables decentralised validation of compliance and ethical standards. This methodology is distinct in its integration of immutable physical identity with blockchain-based digital certification, offering a robust solution for enhancing transparency, combating counterfeiting, and fostering trust across global supply chains. Furthermore, employing Edge and emerging 6G networks, our framework can execute PUF challenge–response and preliminary NFT minting directly at edge nodes. This establishes a real-time, low-latency architecture that reduces network congestion and gas costs for secure and sustainable supply chains.

João Pires da Cruz, Daniel Costa, Pedro Granate, Armando Teixeira · 6 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Surya Rana

This paper investigates the extent to which cognitive heuristics, social influence, and digitally-mediated sentiment drive the extreme volatility of cryptocurrency, Decentralised Finance (DeFi), and Non-Fungible Token (NFT) markets, and the degree to which these dynamics deviate from the Efficient Market Hypothesis. Using an integrative narrative review and a synthesis of empirical evidence from 2014–2025, the paper develops the Integrated Digital Asset Behavioural Model (IDABM), a four-variable framework relating market stability to social velocity (Sv ), heuristic load (Hl ), platform gamma (Pγ ), and liquidity leverage (Ll ). The analysis draws on demographic and sentiment data, case evidence from the 2022 Terra/ Luna and FTX collapses, and a comparative cross-asset bias taxonomy. The findings indicate that digital asset markets constitute a pure sentiment environment in which the absence of conventional valuation anchors produces heuristic dominance and structurally amplified herding behaviour. The paper concludes that effective regulation must shift from informational disclosure toward behavioural guardrails — including algorithmic accountability, regulation of gamified trading interfaces, and behavioural literacy requirements.

Hermann Ngouakam, Goumeni Kouemaha Yannick, Ngouyombo Ange, Antaon Jesse Saint Saba · 5 authors

Résumé Un district sanitaire (DS) est une zone sanitaire décentralisée, relativement autonome sur le plan opérationnel et programmatique, et couvrant l’essentiel des besoins de santé d’une population entre 50 000 à 300 000 habitants résidant dans ses limites géographiques. L’atteinte des cibles de l’ODD 3 passe par la viabilisation des DS, conformément aux résolutions arrêtées à Alma-Ata. L’évaluation constitue la clé́ de voute du succès de tout système de santé car elle permet de révéler les lacunes des plans de santé pendant leur mise en œuvre. Objectif : évaluer le niveau de viabilité des districts de santé de la région de l’Extrême-Nord du Cameroun en 2022. Méthodologie : il s’agissait d’une étude semi-qualitative à collecte des données rétrospective et prospective dans onze districts de santé de la région de l’Extrême-Nord du Cameroun, à travers un échantillonnage en grappe. Les services de santé de 11 FOSA offrant le paquet complémentaire d’activité représenté par l’hôpital régional ou un hôpital de district et 22 FOSA offrant le paquet minimum d’activité (PMA), représentés par un centre de santé intégré ou un centre médical d’arrondissement ont été enquêtés. Résultats : le niveau de mise en place était bon pour 8/11 districts de santé, le niveau de mise en œuvre était moyen pour 8/11 districts de santé, le niveau de rapportage des données était bon pour 8/11 districts de santé. Nous avons plus de 90% des bénéficiaires étaient satisfaits de l’accueil, des attentes et des services reçus. La perception des prestataires de soin était bonne pour 53,62% concernant les infrastructures et matériels, pour 47,82% concernant la motivation et pour 60,87% concernant la charge de travail. Conclusion : après cotation, nous avons retrouvé que 8/11 districts de santé évalués étaient en cours de viabilisation. Il y’a nécessité d’accélérer le processus si nous voulons parvenir à l’atteinte des cibles de l’objectif de développement durable 3 Mots clés : Viabilité – Districts de santé – Région – Extrême-Nord du Cameroun. Abstract According to the World Health Organization (WHO), a health district (DS) is a decentralized health zone, relatively autonomous operationally and programmatically, and covering most of the health needs of a population between 50,000 and 300,000 inhabitants residing within its geographical limits. Achieving the targets of SDG 3 requires the servicing of the HDs, in fact, the district health system offers the best chance of implementing the PHC in accordance with the resolutions adopted in Alma-Ata. Evaluation is the key to the success of any health system because it reveals the shortcomings of health plans during their implementation. Since the adoption of the SDGs in 2015 by the country, no assessment of the sustainability of SDs at the country level has been carried out. Objective : To assess the viability of health districts in the Far North region of Cameroon in 2022. Methodology : This is a semi-qualitative study with retrospective and prospective data collection in the Far North region of Cameroon. Eleven health districts were selected through cluster sampling. Results : The level of implementation was good for 8/11 health districts, the level of implementation was average for 8/11 health districts, and the level of data reporting was good for 8/11 health districts. More than 90% of beneficiaries were satisfied with the reception, expectations, and services received. The perception of care providers was good for 53.62% concerning infrastructure and materials, 47.82% concerning motivation, and 60.87% concerning workload. Conclusion: After scoring, we found that 8/11 health districts assessed were in the process of being serviced. There is a need to accelerate the process if we are to achieve the targets of Sustainable Development Goal 3. Keywords : Viability – Health Districts – Region – Far North of Cameroon.

Naufal Ziyaadaturrahman

No abstract is available for this record.

Kiet Cao, Khoa O., Thu Nguyen, Phan Duy · 7 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Amira Talha, Faten Chaabane, Tarek Frikha, Claude Duvallet · 5 authors

International audience

Dongyu Meng, Fabio Gritti, Robert McLaughlin, Nicola Ruaro · 7 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Park Ji Hyun

No abstract is available for this record.