Blockchain technology has been recognized as one of the emerging technologies that can significantly innovate many industries. Major advantages of using blockchain technology includes reducing transaction costs, preventing data forgery and alteration, and further flexibility. The construction industry is generally considered as an industry that has great potentials for blockchain technology utilization mainly due to the high volume of transactions among various entities. Despite the perceived positive impact, there have been few cases of blockchain applications within the construction industry. This study is conducted with an aim of finding ways to apply blockchain technology to the construction industry. In order to identify potential application areas, construction lifecycle and project management knowledge areas are used in developing a survey questionnaire. Data collected from the survey is analyzed by employing importance performance analysis (IPA) method considering both applicability of the technology and anticipated impact from utilizing the technology. In relation to the construction project lifecycle, âProject Cost/Change Managementâ, âContract Bidding and Formationâ, and âProcurement Evaluationâ are emerged as top three candidates for blockchain application with high applicability and impact. Regarding the knowledge area, âProcurement Managementâ and âCost Managementâ are identified as the main blockchain application areas with high applicability and impact. All the identified specific construction tasks with high applicability and impact are related to âProcurementâ, âContractâ, and âCostâ. Therefore, it is reasonable to start focusing blockchain convergence efforts these areas and then expand them as the technology matures.
Francesco Bolici, Chiara Acciarini, Lucia Marchegiani, Luca Pirolo
Purpose Technological innovations provide huge opportunities to expand and revolutionize the scope of products and services offered. This is particularly true for tourism, which is undergoing significant changes due to the development of new technologies. The level of technology diffusion depends on several factors like the exchange of information among peers, and the attitude and shared perception among the contributors. The aim of the study is to explore the diffusion of technology in tourism with a specific focus on the social media discourse around new technologies. Thus, the paper investigates the level of interest in these new technologies analysing the information exchange occurring between individuals on Twitter in order to explore the influence of reciprocal networking. Design/methodology/approach To capture the attitudes expressed in the industry, the study analyses the ongoing discourse on Twitter as a proxy for the participants âinterest in new technologies. Through a social network analysis of the tweets and retweets conducted over a period of nine months, the research maps the level of information exchange about the diffusion of new technologies. Moreover, the sentiment analysis provides an interesting overview of the individualsâ attitudes towards the awareness or the adoption of new technologies. Findings Our analysis has provided several insights: (1) the information network on blockchain in tourism consists of participants who change very quickly over time ( high turnover of accounts ); (2) some contributors have an extremely important role in influencing the flow of information in the system ( information centralization ), they can have a generalist (discussing several topics) or a specialist (focusing on a specific topic) behaviour and this strategic choice influences their network's structure; (3) these central nodes also have an impact on the definition of positive and negative sentiment towards a topic ( sentiment influencer ). Research limitations/implications The paper contributes to the literature on technology diffusion, by focusing on one of the preconditions of diffusion that is the shared positive attitude towards technological innovation. More specifically, we adopt a network-based approach, which is useful to explain the level of information exchange and the public discourse that can impact the shared perception and attitude towards technological innovation. The study also highlights the role of knowledge brokers in influencing this public discourse. Future studies can deepen the association between positive perception, higher levels of information exchange and increasing usage of specific technologies. Our results also suggest further exploring the opportunity to combine social media data and other sources of information to shed more light on the technological innovation diffusion processes. Practical implications This paper shows how practitioners can benefit from the analysis of information exchange about new technologies in tourism adopting a network perspective with the aim of understanding the level of influence among contributors. Moreover, the increasing interest in blockchain technology and the potential combination between social media data and other sources of information can offer promising insights. Social implications The present study explores the level of technology diffusion through the analysis of information exchange on social media (Twitter). Furthermore, the dynamics of individual user behaviour offers a better understanding about media effects. Originality/value While previous research is focused on the users' perception towards the development of new technologies in tourism, the aim of this study is to investigate the dynamics behind the level of diffusion of information and awareness about these new technologies, which still represents an unexplored area of research.
Open access
Digital Marketing and Social Media
Technology Adoption and User Behaviour
Consumer Behavior in Brand Consumption and Identification
Emerging technologies such as Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain have affected the digital transformation. Blockchain, on the one hand, was initially developed for the purpose of financial trading due to its robustness especially for fault tolerance and cryptographic security in addition to its decentralized architecture. IoT, on the other hand, is an open interconnected network of smart devices able to communicate simultaneously. This arises a challenge in privacy and security, specifically for the data being exchanged. To overcome this, studies have focused on the blockchain to resolve the security and privacy issues of IoT. Indeed, limited studies have proposed to assess blockchainâs viability for IoT and the associated challenges. In this paper, a conceptual model has proposed to identify the crucial factors affecting the adoption of blockchain in IoT. The model consists of four dimensions of factors that we assume will affect the adoption of the two technologies. The dimensions are: attitude-related factors, social influence related factors, data-related factors, and security-related factors. This model is validated through a survey that was distributed between professionals in blockchain and IoT. The findings show a significant impact of data-related factors on the adoption of blockchain in IoT and the intention to use them. The model can play an important role in the development of strategies, standards, and performance assessment.
Ricardo ColomoâPalacios, Mary SĂĄnchezâGordĂłn, Daniel Arias Aranda
Abstract Blockchain is considered as a major emerging technology that is having an everâincreasing spread both in industrial and academic contexts. As the usage of blockchain keeps increasing, a fourth generation of blockchain platforms is being proposed. Thus, applications of blockchain have evolved towards wider scopes than cryptocurrency and asset management. In this context, it is important for practitioners to have deep understanding of various blockchain assessment initiatives. Therefore, this work discusses blockchain assessment initiatives from a technology evolution viewpoint. Furthermore, a mapping was conducted to identify factors that impact blockchain initiatives, synthesize available evidence, and identify gaps between relevant approaches available in the literature. As a result, nine selected works were analyzed based on applicability, research approach, assessment process, blockchain adoption process, and blockchain waves. The findings can help practitioners to understand the main assessment factors that undermine blockchain implementations.
Blockchain technology is gaining consideration more and more and will potentially revolutionize most of the industries. Bitcoin cryptocurrency which uses Blockchain platform, has even promoted this technology more. Blockchain is a decentralized source and encrypted database for storing transaction information. Instead of being dependent on a centralised mediator like bank, by using blockchain, parties can transfer fund promptly trough connected ledgers called blocks. Using this method transactions will significantly be more transparent for both parties. Consequently, transactions are performed based on the distributed trust among other blockchain users in the network. Blockchain will promote transparency in every industry, yet implementation of blockchain technology is still limited. This study focuses to study the possible factors affecting adoption of blockchain technology by focusing on literature review and using Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology as a theoretical basis.
Mahadi Hasan Miraz, Mohamad Ghozali Hassan, Kamal Imran Mohd Sharif
Certain types of blockchains were made and developed for various purposes. Despite the development of cohort systems, the blockchain needs more development from the perspective of Malaysia. In addition, blockchain is the only cryptographic block currency that improves retail marketing. This study has critically analyzed the variables of the current research Framework of the blockchain implementation in retail market. Thus, this study aims to implement blockchain in retail market for increaseing customer benefits in order to improve the retail industrial supply chain activities. In order to achieve the main aim, this study comprises of two main phases, which are theorietical study, developemnt of proposed blockchain factors and its implementation. The blockchain experience of variables, blockchain management, blockchain transaction policy, blockchain adaption and implications were discussed gradually. Finally, we demonstrate the underlying theory, the theoretical framework and the hypotheses were discussed in detail.
Abderahman Rejeb, John G. Keogh, Horst Treiblmaier
The proliferation of sophisticated e-commerce platforms coupled with mobile applications has ignited growth in business-to-consumer (B2C) commerce, reshaped organizational structures and revamped value creation processes. Simultaneouslyâ new technologies have altered the dynamics of brand marketingâ enabling a broader reach and more personalized targeting aimed at increasing brand trust and enhancing customer loyalty. Todayâ the Internet allows marketers to penetrate existing markets, create new online marketplaces and to generate new demand. This dynamic market engagement uses new technologies to target consumers more effectively. In this conceptual paper, we discuss how blockchain technology can potentially impact a firmâs marketing activities. More specifically, we illustrate how blockchain technology can empower the consumer-centric paradigm and foster disintermediationâ combat click fraud, reinforce trust and transparency, enable privacy protection, empower security and enable creative loyalty programs. We present six propositions that will guide future blockchain-related research in the area of marketing.
This paper investigates the factors influencing the intention to adopt cryptocurrency payments among small to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in tourism and hospitality through the lens of the technology acceptance model (TAM). This paper uses an original sample of 101 SMEs employing a total of 15,831 people in Taiwan. Structural equation modeling is used to examine the joint effect of both internal and external factors influencing the intention to use cryptocurrency payments. Results show that (1) strategic orientation, owner/managers personal characteristics (self-efficacy and innovativeness) and social influence have a strong effect on the intention to adopt new technology; (2) perceived usefulness mediates the effects of strategic orientation and social influence; and (3) perceived ease of use mediates the effect of self-efficacy on the intention to adopt cryptocurrency payments. The present study is one of few empirical inquiries about cryptocurrency payment adoption among SMEs. This study extends the theoretical foundations of the TAM into the specific characteristics of SMEs. Limitations of the study are sample size and a single survey design. However, findings of this research on the cryptocurrency payment adoption offer practical implications for tourism stakeholders towards supporting SMEs competitiveness. The originality of this study is based on the fact that cryptocurrency payment is a new technology, and on the potential of cryptocurrency payments to disrupt the traditional way of operating tourism and hospitality SMEs. Hence the importance to consider major factors influencing SMEsâ intentions to adopt this technology.
Purpose: Purpose-This paper aims to introduce and discuss blockchain technology and its effect on the hospitality and tourism industry as well as a practical point of view to hospitality and tourism businesses. The central interest in this study is to produce a new and rigorous in-depth analysis that will provide the basis for a broad debate and perspective on potential uses of blockchain technology for hospitality and tourism research as well as the industry as a whole. Importance of the research: This study leads to knowledge development in the tourism industry by creating an extensive structure that enhances hospitality and tourism efficiency. The current study thus helps to alleviate tourism & hospitality integrated blockchain technology. Theory: A single technology adoption and use theory (UTAUT 2) is the fundamental theory for this study. Reference was made in this analysis to progress in the growth of the blockchain capability of hospitality and tourism.Methods: The current study focused on a concise methodology and quantitative analysis.QR is the simplest way to accept or deny a theory.Quantitative analysis from all of Malaysia has been obtained through a cross-sectional analysis via the sampling method. Originality: One of the latest researchto boost the efficiency of hospitality and tourism performance by blockchain. This research demonstrates how blockchain (familiarity, concern and error), trust,facilitating condition, consumer intention and blockchain adoption.
Ha Nguyet Dam, Dung Thanh Phan, Ha Vu, Lan Thi Ngoc Nguyen
This study aims to shed light on the way customers determine their utilization of international payment services with blockchain applications. The primary data is collected from the 373 individuals who frequently use the international payment services in Vietnam. We apply the combination of TAM, UTAUT, and ISS models to test the determinants of the Intention to use International payment services at Commercial banks applying Blockchain. These determinants are Quality of System, Quality of Service, Quality of Information, Perceivable usefulness, Convenient usefulness, and Social influence. The research results show that (i) All of the above factors are positively associated with customers' intention to use international payment services in Vietnamese banks which implement blockchain; (ii) The quality of information has the strongest positive impact on the customer's intended use. It refers that the international payment services in banks should be safe, accurate and timely; (iii) Differently from the hypothesis, the social influence indicator is positively related to the customer's intention to use the service, affirming the potential interests of customers on blockchain if applying successfully in banks; (iv) Although current customers have not paid much attention whether banks apply blockchain in international payment or not, they have taken concentration on fundamental risks, costs, and convenience of the services. This signal is consistent with the fact that only 2/46 commercial banks and 49 foreign bank branches in Vietnam provide international payment service with blockchain application nowadays.
Wan Nurhidayat Wan Muhamad, Noor Afiza, Muslihah Wook, Khairul Khalil ¡ 7 authors
Intelligence data are among the critical elements used as a reference for risk-assessment and decision-making regarding national security. The intelligence data are shared among intelligence agencies in the intelligence community in improving the efficiency of their services. Centralised data with central authority is highly exposed to being an easy target of attackers. Leaked or unauthorised access of the intelligence data to a non-intelligence community will bring severe effect to a state. Blockchain as immutable and high-security technology is capable of providing cryptographic data in a decentralised environment and potentially can be applied for data sharing among the intelligence community. However, the acceptance and readiness of users on blockchain usage in the intelligence community are yet to be systematically studied. Considering the statement, this paper proposed an evaluation method to study the acceptance of blockchain technology by integrating a reliable acceptance model for blockchain technology implementation in the intelligence community. The acceptance model consisted of constructs from the Technology Acceptance Model 3 (TAM 3) and Technology Readiness Index 2 (TRI 2) and was analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). In this study, the result indicates that TAM 3 and TRI 2.0 integration model could contribute to determining the acceptance level in developing blockchain-based intelligence data sharing for the intelligence community.
Emerging technologies have played an important role in driving major changes in human society. However, the advent of most technologies is typically initially accompanied by confusion; this is often because technology developers overlook the user perspective. This study was conducted to systematically determine the fundamental causes of problems that users encounter when they interact with blockchain technology, one of the promising emerging technologies today, and to suggest relevant design strategies. To this end, usability evaluation was conducted for the KDEX decentralized exchange application. To ensure the effective identification of the significant usability problems, heuristic evaluation with four experts and usability testing with 23 experimental participants were carried out. The results obtained show that more user-centered design is necessary to enable the widespread use of decentralized applications. Based on the experimental findings, actionable design strategies that facilitate the effective utilization of emerging technologies are suggested. The proposed strategies are expected to enable users to easily understand and navigate applications based on these technologies.
Jan 1, 2020¡Proceedings of the ... Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences/Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences
Blockchain has been heralded as a technology that can transform entire sectors, including the public sector where blockchain applications are believed to bring a wide range of benefits. The public sector is lagging behind, however, in its actual adoption of blockchain technology, and our understanding of the factors that explain the slow adoption rate, is lacking. Based on seven case studies of blockchain projects at various adoption stages, this research contributes to our understanding of what factors influence blockchain adoption in the public sector. We use an extended TOE framework that includes an inter-organizational perspective. The findings show that adoption is influenced by the hype aroundâand resistance toâblockchain technology; by top management support, by (perceptions of) the regulatory environment; as well as by trust between blockchain partners, which is both an antecedent as well as a consequence of blockchain adoption.
Blockchain has become the new hype term in the business world for the last decade. Due to the new technologyâs characteristics and innovative applications, it is being adopted globally in a wide number of industries including the banking industry, yet no adoption model is provided to guide this process. This research aims to contribute to facilitating the successful adoption and implementation of the blockchain new technology in the banking industry. Building on the assumption that the blockchainâs adoption in banking will be directed by the regulations and best practices guidelines of the global banking regulatory bodies and practitioner, this research asks: What is the blockchain adoption model for the banking industry? The currently available official documents of the regulatory bodies, practitioners, and research bodies were collected, text mined and analysed, based on the adoption factors identified in the literature review and investigating the adoption factorsâ importance. This research was able to find three categories of adoption factors: supporting, hindering and circumstantial, identify a new adoption factor and establish the factorsâ importance. As a result, an adoption model for blockchain technology in the banking industry from an institutional perspective is proposed. Based on this, it is recommended to carry further research on applying the proposed model at banks adopting the new technology to study its fitness.
Georgios Kapnissis, Eleni-Ekaterini Leligou, Georgios K. Vaggelas
In the shipping industry, significant part of the documents exchange still have the traditional paper form, mainly due to security concerns, despite the size and modernization efforts of this market. We explore the adoption of the blockchain and Distributed Ledger Technologies to address document exchange in a fast and secure way.
Osama Sohaib, Walayat Hussain, Muhammad Asif, Muhammad Ahmad ¡ 5 authors
The majority of previous research on new technology acceptance has been conducted with single-step Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based methods. The primary purpose of the study is to enhance the new technology acceptance based research with the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method to enable more precise and in-depth research results as compared to the single-step SEM method. This study measures the relation between technology readiness dimension (optimism, innovativeness, discomfort, insecurity) and the technology acceptance (perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness) - and the intention to use cryptocurrency, such as bitcoin. The contribution of this study include the use of a multi-analytical approach by combining Partial Least Squares- Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) analysis. First, PLS-SEM was applied to assess which factor has significant influence toward intention to use cryptocurrency. Second, an ANN was employed to rank the relative influence of the significant predictor variables attained from the PLS-SEM. The findings of the two-step PLS-SEM and ANN approach confirm that the use of ANN further verifies the results obtained by the PLS-SEM analysis. Also, ANN is capable of modelling complex linear and non-linear relationships with high predictive accuracy compared to SEM methods. Also, an Importance-Performance Map Analysis (IPMA) of the PLS-SEM results provides a more specific understanding of each factor's importance-performance.
Blockchain technology has evolved as a promising means to transform data\nmanagement models in many domains including healthcare, agricultural research,\ntourism domains etc. In the research community, a usable blockchain-based\nsystem can allow users to create a proof of ownership and provenance of the\nresearch work, share research data without losing control and ownership of it,\nprovide incentives for sharing and give users full transparency and control\nover who access their data, when and for what purpose. The initial adoption of\nsuch blockchain-based systems is necessary for continued use of the services,\nbut their user acceptance behavioral model has not been well investigated in\nthe literature. In this paper, we take the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as\na foundation and extend the external constructs to uncover how the perceived\nease of use, perceived usability, quality of the system and perceived enjoyment\ninfluence the intention to use the blockchain-based system. We based our study\non user evaluation of a prototype of a blockchain-based research data sharing\nframework using a TAM validated questionnaire. Our results show that, overall,\nall the individual constructs of the behavior model significantly influence the\nintention to use the system while their collective effect is found to be\ninsignificant. The quality of the system and the perceived enjoyment have\nstronger influence on the perceived usefulness. However, the effect of\nperceived ease of use on the perceived usefulness is not supported. Finally, we\ndiscuss the implications of our findings.\n
Adjunct Professor, Hoseo Univ., 212-1103, 346-2, Sangdo-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Joon-Hee Kim
Blockchain technology is a scientific and technological project that countries around the world have been paying close attention to and researched and developed in recent years, and it is one of the most popular technologies in the world. Blockchain is a kind of bookkeeping technology that is jointly maintained by multiple parties, uses cryptography to ensure transmission and access security, can achieve consistent data storage, is difficult to tamper with, and prevents denial. It is also called distributed ledger technology and has distributed credibility. Technical characteristics such as not easy to be tampered with, and multi-party maintenance. The new infrastructure of chain network collaboration will use network identification as a key digital resource as a breakthrough point to promote the application and development of blockchain and realize the engine role of new infrastructure. Through the collaborative development of blockchain and the industrial Internet, the new infrastructure of chain network collaboration is committed to building a national-level distributed trusted application innovation carrier. Provide a unified identity authentication mechanism, object identification mechanism, and value exchange mechanism for digital applications to reduce the cost of using digital technology.
Andrea Gaggioli, Shayan Eskandari, Pietro Cipresso, Edoardo Lozza
Blockchain is widely regarded as a breakthrough innovation that may have a profound impact on the economy and society, of a magnitude comparable to the effects of the introduction of the Internet itself. In essence, a blockchain is a decentralized peer-to-peer network with no central authority figure, which adds information to the distributed database by collectively validating the accuracy of data. Since each node of the network participates in the review and confirmation of the new information before being accepted, the need for a trustworthy intermediary is eliminated. However, as trust plays an essential role in affecting decisions when transacting with one another, it is important to understand which implications the decentralized nature of blockchain may have on individuals' sense of trust. In this contribution, we argue that the adoption of blockchain is not only a technological, but foremostly a psychological challenge, which crucially depends on the possibility of creating a trust management approach that matches the underlying distributed communication system. We first describe the decentralization technologies and possibilities they hold for the near future. Next, we discuss the psycho-social implications of the introduction of decentralized processes of trust, examining some potential scenarios, and outline a research agenda.
Agriculture is indispensable for every country. Farmers use pesticides in large quantities to increase productivity, thus causing serious damage to the agro-ecological environment. If consumers consume a large number of such vegetables, there can be an adverse effect on their health. Therefore, consumers shift from consuming general vegetables to organic vegetables. However, the price of organic vegetables is higher than that of general vegetables, and there are doubts about the authenticity of the production and marketing process. Unfortunately, production and sales records are often falsified. The blockchain may be able to guarantee the authenticity of organic vegetables because the blockchain is tamperproof and transparent. Therefore, we proposed an exercise environment for the production and marketing of organic vegetables by using Ethereum. This proposed system can ensure the authenticity of the production and sales record, it may increase the sales of organic vegetables and solve the problem of agricultural ecological environment pollution in the real world.
SUMMARY The novelty, ambiguity, and the lack of official guidance surrounding cryptocurrency transactions impose additional audit risks that should be considered during client acceptance and retention and planning audit procedures. We develop a four-quadrant model to assist auditors in client acceptance and continuance decisions and identify cryptocurrency risks that should be considered during audit planning and audit evidence gathering.
Abstract The purpose of this research is to identify the development of e-commerce technology in the business world, and the benefits of the application of e-commerce in the online business. The method used in this research was the descriptive method to present a complete overview of the situation related to some variable situations examined. The result of this research is to give clear identification of how far the development of e-commerce technology in the world of online business, as well as the benefits provided by the application of e-commerce in the world of online business. In the end, bitcoin gives mutual connection to expand the business of E-commerce.
Yong Sauk Hau, Jae Min Lee, Jaechan Park, Min Cheol Chang
BACKGROUND: The recently developed blockchain technology uses a peer-to-peer network to distribute data to all participants for storage. This method enhances data safety, reliability, integrity, and transparency. To successfully introduce blockchain technology to medical data management, it is essential to obtain consent from medical doctors and patients. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine medical doctors' and patients' attitudes toward the use of blockchain technology and interpret the findings within the framework of expectancy theory. METHODS: In this questionnaire survey, we examined medical doctors' (n=90) and patients' (n=90) attitudes toward the use of blockchain technology in the management and distribution of medical information. The questionnaire comprised 8 questions that assessed attitudes toward new means of managing and distributing medical information using blockchain technology. Responses were rated on a scale that ranged from 1 (very negative) to 7 (very positive). RESULTS: Medical doctors (mean 3.7-5.0) reported significantly more negative attitudes than patients (mean 6.3-6.8). Furthermore, self-employed doctors reported more negative attitudes than employed doctors and university professors. CONCLUSIONS: To successfully introduce blockchain technology to medical data management, it is necessary to promote positive attitudes toward this technology among medical doctors, especially self-employed doctors.