Blockchain Papers

Priyanka Gupta, Roop Shikha, Samridhi Srivastav, Gagan Thakral · 5 authors

No abstract is available for this record.

Deepak Kumar, B.V. Phani, Naveen Chilamkurti, Suman Saurabh · 5 authors

Objective: The objective of the article is to comprehensively examine the application and adoption of blockchain technology in SMEs. Recently, blockchain technology has garnered substantial attention owing to its transformative potential across diverse industries. Blockchain represents a decentralized and distributed ledger system that ensures data transparency, security, and immutability. This unique set of attributes has garnered attention from various sectors, ranging from finance and healthcare to supply chain and beyond. While predominant attention has been directed towards its impact on large corporations and financial institutions, the application and adoption of blockchain technology in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) remains a relatively unexplored area. Research Design & Methods: This research utilized a narrative and critical literature review of the existing literature on blockchain technology and SMEs. Findings: We identified the key areas of application and drivers and barriers to SMEs’ adoption of blockchain technology. Supply chain and finance have emerged as primary domains witnessing heightened blockchain implementation. The intricate nature of supply chain operations involving a multitude of stakeholders and the centralized nature of financing with inherent information asymmetry have propelled blockchain adoption within these sectors. However, the complex nature of technology, regulatory uncertainty, and lack of technological capabilities of SMEs have been the barriers inhibiting the widespread adoption of blockchain technology in SMEs. Implications & Recommendations: The insights derived from this study can facilitate the successful design and implementation of blockchain-based solutions for SMEs. Blockchain solution providers must understand and tailor the solutions to SMEs. Blockchain-as-a-service (BaaS) can accelerate flexible application development, expediting blockchain integration in SMEs. Government, regulatory bodies, and SME groups are urged to collaborate in enhancing technological literacy among SMEs, facilitating their capacity to harness the advantages offered by blockchain technology. Contribution & Value Added: This research contributes to the field by shedding light on the underexplored realm of blockchain technology in SMEs. The created taxonomy, examination of adoption drivers and barriers, and the formulated opportunities-challenges framework provide valuable tools for understanding and navigating blockchain technology’s application and adoption-related challenges in SMEs. The identified gaps and proposed areas for future research further contribute to the ongoing discourse in this evolving field.

Jiacheng Wen

Against the backdrop of increasing integration of the global economy, supply chain finance faces challenges such as information silos, high cost of paper document transmission, and difficulty in risk control. This study focuses on the application of blockchain technology in enhancing the transparency of sustainable procurement for enterprises. Through an indepth analysis of successful cases such as the FILO platform and Walmart, the study reveals how blockchain technology can effectively solve the problem of information asymmetry in the traditional procurement process and improve the transparency and efficiency of procurement through its decentralization, data inerrancy, and traceability throughout the process. The study explores the potential value of blockchain technology in the field of supply chain finance using case study and model construction. The results show that blockchain technology can significantly optimize the procurement management process, reduce the risk of human intervention, promote collaborative supply chain operations, and enhance consumer trust. In addition, the study also looks forward to the future trend of the integration and application of blockchain with artificial intelligence, big data and other technologies, and puts forward relevant policy recommendations and practical insights, which provides a reference path for enterprises to implement blockchain technology to enhance procurement transparency.

Seaam Bin Masud, Md. Masud Rana, Hossain Jaman Sohag, Fisan Shikder · 6 authors

This study examines the integration of blockchain technology and machine learning (ML) to enhance financial transaction security, with a focus on fraud detection, data privacy, and operational transparency.The study explores the combined capabilities of blockchain's decentralized ledger and ML's predictive analytics in securing financial transactions.A systematic review was conducted, sourcing relevant studies from academic databases where literature resources are stored, such as IEEE Xplore, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, DOAJ, and SCImago.3037 study papers were collected from those academic databases.After screening and testing eligibility, 137 papers were selected to conduct this study.Studies covering blockchain, ML, and their collaborative impact on financial security were selected, classified, and analyzed.Comparative analysis methods highlighted both the strengths and limitations of this dual-technology approach.Results indicate that blockchain's immutability and transparency, alongside ML's data-driven fraud detection capabilities, create a robust framework for transaction security.Blockchain effectively ensures data integrity and transparency, while ML algorithms improve fraud detection and decision-making through real-time data analysis.However, challenges such as scalability, high energy consumption, and high implementation costs persist, limiting adoption in small and medium-sized institutions.The combined application of blockchain and ML presents a transformative potential for financial sectors, particularly in enhancing transaction integrity, regulatory compliance, and risk management.This framework can serve as a model across various industries beyond finance, including government and non-financial organizations, to foster a secure transaction environment.This study primarily relies on qualitative data and lacks empirical validation through quantitative measures.Further, blockchain's energy-intensive nature and ML's data dependency pose obstacles to widespread implementation, especially in resource-constrained settings.Future research should aim at developing costeffective and energy-efficient blockchain and ML solutions to support broader adoption.Additionally, advancements in quantum computing and AI-driven blockchain could address existing security vulnerabilities, making the technology more accessible and scalable.

Hazlaili Binti Hashim

No abstract is available for this record.

Université du Dokuz Eylul d’Izmir, Turquie, Kâmil Tüğen, Ramazan GÖKBUNAR, Université du Manisa Celal Bayar d’Manisa, Turquie · 6 authors

The effects of today's popular technology concepts in different disciplines are extensively discussed and examined in the literature. In terms of economics and administrative sciences, the effects of related technologies are evaluated and a roadmap is tried to be revealed for the policies and procedures to be put forward in the future. In other words, technology and the rapid development of technology force the social and human fields to change and adapt. Since technology develops for people with people, it should keep up with this change in human life and social areas. Technologies leading the development in the recent period are Internet of Things, Industry 4.0, 5G and emerging future mobile communication technologies, artificial intelligence, augmented reality, virtual reality, blockchain technologies and its applications, cloud computing, cyber security/cryptology and electric vehicles etc. Many of these technologies have been extensively studied in the literature and still continue to be studied. Recently, the concepts of cryptocurrencies, Non-fungible token (NFT) and Metaverse have come to the fore. While searching for the answer of these concepts whether they will be a popular bubble or permanent technologies that will actively exist in the future life, on the other hand these technologies have also reached a serious use and demand level. While the Metaverse has the infrastructure and technological constraints to reach its anticipated usage and potential, cryptocurrencies and NFT have settled into life in today's world. While it is obvious that these technologies have and will affect every field, it can be predicted that they have led the public sphere and public finances to a radical change and transformation. Considering all these important developments, in this study, first of all, technical information about cryptocurrencies, NFT and Metaverse, and information on what these technologies are and their effects on human life will be shared. Later, various evaluations will be made about what kind of transformations and changes the mentioned technologies can cause in imminent taxation in the near future or how public finance should deal with it. The aim of the study is to present a vision for the measures that the taxing system should take against these rapidly developing or widespread technologies and the studies that should be done in order to adapt to these systems.

Saksit Budsayaplakorn, Thana Sompornserm

Digital assets have become widely adopted by young investors mostly aged under 34; however; there are various questions and concerns about the underlying socioeconomic fundamentals of these digital assets, especially bitcoin, because bitcoin constituted 47 percent of the total market capitalization of cryptocurrencies in 2021.The numbers of crypto ownership are expected to reach over 320 million users worldwide in 2022.The data reveal that there was a rapid growth in digital assets investment during 2021 and 2022, and bitcoin reached an annual growth rate of 60 percent in 2021.The objective of this study is to examine the underlying socioeconomic fundamentals of global bitcoin market.Our newly developed theoretical model and empirical findings reveal the possibility of digital asset to align and integrate within the portfolio asset allocation.The model and empirical evidences indicate explicit coherence between bitcoin and some socioeconomics fundamentals that reflect the cost of living.The trend component in bitcoin data is observed.The results are consistent with financial portfolio model.

Lei Lin

No abstract is available for this record.

이정우, Byungyun Yang

No abstract is available for this record.

Silvia Bonomi, Stefano Cappai, Emilio Coppa

No abstract is available for this record.

Kata Váradi, Samet Günay, Shahnawaz Muhammed

No abstract is available for this record.

Thanyah Aldaham, Hédi Hamdi

The growing dependence on digital financial and banking transactions has brought about a significant focus on implementing strong security protocols. Blockchain technology has proved itself throughout the years to be a reliable solution upon which transactions can safely take place. This study explores the use of blockchain technology, specifically Ethereum Classic (ETC), to enhance the security of digital financial and banking transactions. The aim is to develop a system using an LSTM model to predict and detect anomalies in transaction data. The proposed LSTM model was trained before being tested and the results prove that the proposed model can effectively enhance the security, especially when compared to other studies in the same domain. The proposed model achieved a prediction accuracy of 99.5%, demonstrating its effectiveness in enhancing security by preventing overfitting and identifying potential threats in network activities. The results suggest significant improvements in digital transaction security, enhancing both the traceability and transparency of blockchain transactions while reducing fraud rates. Future work will extend this model's applicability to larger-scale decentralized finance systems.

Duc B. T, Trung P. H. T, Trong N. D. P, Phuc N. T · 8 authors

The Internet of Things (IoT) has been rapidly integrated into various industries, with healthcare emerging as a key area of impact. A notable development in this sector is the IoHT-MBA system, a specialized Internet of Healthcare Things (IoHT) framework. This system utilizes a microservice approach combined with a brokerless architecture, efficiently tackling issues like data gathering, managing users and devices, and controlling devices remotely. Despite its effectiveness, there’s a growing need to improve the privacy and control of patient data. To address this, we propose an enhanced version of the IoHT-MBA system, incorporating blockchain technology, specifically through the use of Hyperledger Fabric. This integration aims to create a more secure, transparent, and patient-centric data management platform. The system enables patients to oversee their peripheral devices, such as smartphones and sensors. These devices are integrated as part of the edge layer of the IoHT, contributing to a decentralized storage service. In our model, data is primarily retained on user devices, with only summarized data being communicated to service providers and recorded on the blockchain. This approach significantly boosts data privacy and user control. Access to user data is strictly regulated and must align with the patient’s privacy conditions, which are established through smart contracts, thus providing an additional layer of security and transparency. We have conducted an evaluation of our blockchain-enhanced platform using key theories in microservice and brokerless architecture, such as Round Trip Time and Broken Connection Test Cases. Additionally, we’ve performed tests on data generation and queries using Hyperledger Caliper. The results confirm the strength and efficiency of our blockchain-integrated system in the healthcare IoT domain.

Vijaya Kanaparthi

Continuous innovations profoundly impact the financial and commercial domains, reshaping conventional business practices. Among the disruptive forces, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and blockchain technology stand out prominently. This study aims to evaluate the integration of blockchain, AI, and ML within financial accounting practices. It suggests a potential revolutionary impact on financial accounting through the adoption of blockchain technology and ML, promising reduced accounting expenses, heightened precision, real-time financial reporting capabilities, and expeditious auditing processes. AI's role in automating repetitive financial accounting tasks assists organizations in circumventing the need for additional staff, thereby minimizing associated costs. Consequently, to bolster efficiency, businesses are increasingly embracing blockchain technology and AI applications in their financial accounting operations.

Ejike Francis Okaphor, Oforbuike Ngwuta

No abstract is available for this record.

Wenqian Zhu, Di Fan, S. C. Wang

No abstract is available for this record.

Mallikarjuna Paramesha, Nitin Rane, Jayesh Rane

No abstract is available for this record.

Peterson K Ozili

No abstract is available for this record.

Mallikarjuna Paramesha, Nitin Rane, Jayesh Rane

No abstract is available for this record.

Yu Gu, Lanxin Jiang, Jun Dai

SYNOPSIS This study examines widespread greenwashing practices in corporate environmental disclosures and the potential of blockchain and smart contracts to address this problem. We define six types of greenwashing risks in environmental disclosures: misconduct, selective disclosure, misclassification, hollow promise, in name only, and misleading presentation. To combat greenwashed disclosures, we propose a comprehensive framework that integrates blockchain and smart contracts to create automated controls and provide tamper-resistant audit evidence. On the basis of this framework, we design and implement smart contracts on blockchain to combat greenwashing practices in Shell plc’s environmental disclosures. This study provides automatic, real-time, and secure greenwashing risk controls with early warnings for auditors and regulators. In addition, it introduces new audit tasks such as using blockchain information to verify environmental disclosures; creates novel opportunities for environmental experts to set rules for greenwashing; and offers insights on greenwashing risk detection, market monitoring, and policy development for regulators. JEL Classifications: M41; M42.

Sungeun Han, Zhan Shi

While the metaverse offers opportunities to bridge the digital divide, it raises concerns regarding data privacy, ethical implications of avatar representation, and diversity and inclusion. This research investigates potential bias in CryptoPunks, one of the most valuable Non-fungible tokens (NFTs), and performs multiple analyses to examine systematic differences between the light and dark skin-tone groups. Our results reveal the following: dark skin-tone punks are traded more frequently and valued based on the rarity relatively; the likelihood of owners having an Ethereum Name Service account is lower in the dark skin-tone group. These findings suggest that dark skin-tone punks are more likely to be treated as investment assets, while light skin-tone punks are often held for private values. Our research represents one of the first empirical investigations into various aspects of racial biases in NFTs. The findings provide valuable insights, highlighting the importance of diversity, equity, and inclusion in the metaverse.

Samuel Oladiipo Olabanji, Tunbosun Oyewale Oladoyinbo, Christopher Uzoma Asonze, Chinasa Susan Adigwe · 6 authors

The integration of cryptocurrencies, particularly Bitcoin, into retirement savings plans has recently garnered significant attention. This interest has been amplified by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission's approval of Bitcoin Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) in January 2024 and Fidelity Investments' decision to include Bitcoin in their 401(k) plans. These landmark developments represent a paradigm shift in retirement investment strategies, merging traditional financial planning with the dynamic and volatile world of cryptocurrencies. The entry of Bitcoin introduces novel challenges, including increased volatility and regulatory uncertainty, necessitating a comprehensive examination of its impacts on retirement savings. The study sought to explore the role of Financial Technology (FinTech) in managing these risks and assess the adequacy of current regulatory frameworks. Employing a quantitative research approach, the study collected data from 386 participants, including FinTech practitioners and investment portfolio managers through a survey that combining closed-ended and open-ended questions. Multiple regression was used to analyze the relationships between variables such as FinTech integration, regulatory compliance, and the risk associated with cryptocurrency-inclusive retirement portfolios. The study revealed that the inclusion of Bitcoin significantly increases portfolio volatility. It also found that advanced FinTech data management techniques significantly enhance risk mitigation, while current regulatory frameworks are inadequate for governing the inclusion of cryptocurrencies in retirement plans. A comprehensive framework combining FinTech and regulatory compliance was shown to effectively reduce investment risks. The study recommends cautious consideration of cryptocurrencies in retirement portfolios, with an emphasis on assessing the risk appetite of participants. It advocates for dynamic regulatory frameworks and enhanced use of FinTech for real-time risk management. The study suggests that retirement plan providers should adopt an integrated approach, combining technological innovations with regulatory oversight, to navigate the complexities of cryptocurrency investments effectively.

Seung‐A Annie Jin

The Metaverse, powered by a variety of key innovative technologies including 3D virtual reality (VR)/augmented reality (AR), artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain/cryptocurrency-based non-fungible tokens (NFTs), and the Internet of Things, has been proposed as the future of a virtual universe for education, work, business, and commerce. This research (∑ N = 954) presents the results of three cross-sectional surveys that examine the influence of third-level digital (in)equality and consumer (mis)trust on Metaverse adoption intention. Study 1, focusing on the Metaverse for hybrid education, reports the mediating effect of (mis)trust in the Metaverse on the relationship between the educational dimension of third-level digital (in)equality and behavioral intention to adopt the Metaverse for virtual learning as well as the moderating effect of social phobia. Study 2, focusing on the Metaverse for remote working, reports the mediating effect of (mis)trust in the Metaverse on the relationship between the economic labor dimension of third-level digital (in)equality and Metaverse adoption for virtual working as well as the moderating effect of neo-Luddism. Study 3, focusing on the Metaverse for business, reports the mediating effect of (mis)trust in the Metaverse on the relationship between the economic commerce dimension of third-level digital (in)equality and Metaverse adoption for virtual commerce as well as the moderating effect of blockchain/cryptocurrency transparency perception. This research can provide theoretical frameworks to examine people's hopes and fears about the Metaverse and consequential adoption versus non-adoption of the Metaverse for hybrid education, hybrid remote working, and omni-channel virtual commerce. Practical, managerial, and policy implications for the Metaverse and the NFT market are also discussed.

David Sundaram, Gabrielle Peko, Kevin Craig, Valeria Sadovykh

No abstract is available for this record.