New approach for Smart Community Grid through Blockchain and smart charging infrastructure of EVs

Abstract

The growing demand for EVs will lead to an increase in charging systems, both to guarantee the capillarity of charging systems and to distribute the demand for energy, which will increase over time. Since it is possible to have an efficient bidirectional energy flow, in fact car batteries can be used like any other energy storage system in the grid, with the added benefit of portability. The bi-directional energy flow would allow electric vehicle owners to participate in trading in energy markets, recharge batteries when energy is available at a low cost and discharge if the smart grid rewards them for their excess energy. This type of negotiation and control sharing can allow the network to perform demand management in periods of high demand, (e.g. peak shaving) or provision of additional storage in case of excess generation from RES. Through smart charging systems, it will be possible to decide where, when and which EV to recharge, thus reducing the load. The grid can be structured differently, in networks that serve small communities, in order to better manage RES energy flows, EV recharges and smart appliances. With this paper we want to determine a model for the smart charging of EVs, through the adaptive EV charging flow chart, through which a software agent, with a specific logic, decides whether to load a machine, in which sequence or if it is better to sell energy to the retail market. The agent learns and adapts to the individual Prosumers of EV, learning the preferences and mobility habits of different users, a fundamental element of the decision- making process, so that the owners of electric vehicles (or charging systems) decide to be part of the system. Finally, the management through Blockchain, makes every transaction reliable and verifiable, with the possibility of reducing or eliminating intermediaries in energy trading, thus reducing the range of antiexity of electric vehicle drivers, will make it possible to develop a new generation concept distributed: Smart Grid Community.