Industry 4.0 and Adaptive Performance: A Theoretical Foundation for Sustainable Green Supply Chain Management

Abstract

Abstract This chapter examines how Industry 4.0 technologies enhance adaptive performance within the framework of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM), drawing on the theoretical perspectives of Dynamic Capabilities, the Resource-Based View and Circular Economy principles. A systematic review of peer-reviewed literature from Scopus and Web of Science (2018–2025) was conducted, using defined inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify 126 relevant studies. The analysis highlights how key technologies – including the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Blockchain, Robotics and Additive Manufacturing – enable real-time responsiveness, transparency and resource efficiency in sustainable supply chains. Findings indicate that the integration of these technologies not only strengthens operational flexibility and resilience but also accelerates progress toward United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly Goals 9, 12 and 13. This chapter provides theoretical contributions by linking adaptive performance to strategic technological capabilities and practical recommendations for policymakers and industry leaders to align digital transformation with net-zero carbon targets. Future research directions are proposed to empirically assess these relationships using both quantitative and qualitative approaches.