A Blockchain framework for reverse logistics of used medical equipment

Abstract

Reverse logistics (RL) activities of medical equipment play a crucial role in properly managing durable medical devices at the end of their life. However, refurbishing medical equipment is not a straightforward process, as there exist many challenges associated to their proper re-positioning into the market. In this paper the use of blockchain technology is proposed as a viable solution for establishing sound refurbishing channels for medical equipment while considering relevant regulatory, security and operational prerequisites. In particular, we propose a highly robust traceability mechanism for medical equipment refurbishing activities based on blockchain and smart contracts. Our approach offers multiple and disparate stakeholders (device manufacturers, hospitals, refurbishers, retailers etc.) to share critical RL information in a timely, verifiable and secure fashion. The system provides forensics-by-design functionalities and safeguards the chain-of-custody for all the refurbishing processes taking place. A proof-of-concept implementation is provided as well as a discussion of the various benefits of the proposed RL system.