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October 1, 2017· ICPESS (International Congress on Politic, Economic and Social Studies)
article

Kripto Para Birimlerinin Kayıtdışı Ekonomi Üzerine Etkileri; Bitcoin Örneği

Abstract

Kripto Para Birimlerinin Kayitdisi Ekonomi Uzerine Etkileri; Bitcoin Ornegi Ars. Gor. Bilal Gode Pamukkale Universitesi, Ars. Gor. Habib Kucuksahin Pamukkale Universitesi, [email protected] OZET Her gecen gun dijitallesen dunyada, temel manada mubadele, deger biriktirme ve deger olcusu olma fonksiyonlarina sahip olan para da degisime ugramaktadir.  Devletlere ait olan degisik para birimlerine alternatif olarak herhangi bir devlete, kurum ya da kurulusa ait olmayan ve “blockchain” teknolojisi uzerinde yukselen para birimleri ortaya cikmaktadir. Bir para biriminin ekonomik islemlerde kullanilabilmesi icin; kabul edilebilirlik, deger istikrari, tasinabilirlik, bolunebilirlik, uzun omurluluk, tek bicimlilik ozelliklerine sahip olmasi gerekmektedir. Kripto paralar olarak adlandirilan elektronik paralar teorik olarak bu ozellikleri tasimaktadir. 15.10.2017 tarihi itibariyle 878 adet kripto para cesidi mevcuttur ve her gecen gun bu sayi artmaktadir. Kripto para birimlerinin piyasa degeri de yine ayni tarihte 175,79 Milyar Dolar seviyesindedir. Bu paralar icerisinde en unlu olani ise ilk kripto para olmasi itibariyle Bitcoin’dir. Bitcoin (BTC) ornegine baktigimiz zaman fikri olarak 31 Ekim 2008 tarihinde ortaya cikan bu kripto para birimi, 9 Ocak 2009’da ilk blok’un yayinlanmasiyla fiili olarak dolasima girmistir. 15 Ekim 2017 tarihi itibariyle piyasadaki Bitcoin miktari 16,622,962 adet ve bu coinlerin piyasa degeri de 95,11 Milyar Dolar seviyesindedir. Bitcoinler bireyler arasinda transfer edilirken bir araci kurum vasitasiyla gerceklestirilmemektedir ve bu durum transferin taraflarini ve sebebini gizli tutmayi saglamaktadir. Transferlerin disaridan mudahaleye kapali olmasi kayit disi ekonomi adina kripto paralari cok onemli bir arac haline getirmektedir. Bu durum gerek yasal cercevedeki islemlerin gerceklestirilmesi ve vergisel amaclarla bu islemlerin gizli tutulmasinda; gerekse de yasa disi islemlerin gerceklestirilmesi adina onemli bir anonimlik saglamaktadir. Yakin gelecekte kripto paralarin yayginliginin artisi ile beraber kayit disi ekonominin boyutunda da artis meydana gelmesi oldukca olasi gozukmektedir. © 2017 PESA Tum haklari saklidir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Kayitdisi Ekonomi, Blockchain, Bitcoin, Kripto Para ABSTRACT In the digitizing world, the money that has the functions of exchange, value accumulation and value in the basic sense is undergoing change day by day. As an alternative to the different currencies belonging to States, currencies are emerging on blockchain technology that do not belong to any state, institution or organization. In order for a currency to be used in economic transactions; it must have the characteristics of acceptability, value stability, portability, divisibility, longevity, uniformity. Electronic monies, called crypto currencies, theoretically carries these characteristics. As of 15.10.2017, there are 878 crypto money types and this number is increasing day by day. The market value of crypto currencies is also at the level of $ 175.79 billion. The most famous of these is Bitcoin as it is the first crypto money. when we looked at the example of Bitcoin (BTC),this crypto currency emerged on October 31, 2008 later it was actually circulating on January 9, 2009, when the first block was released. As of October 15, 2017, the amount of Bitcoin on the market is 16,622,962 units and the market value of these coins is $ 95,11 Billion. While bitcoins are being transferred between individuals, they are not carried out by an intermediary institution, and this ensures that the parties and the reason for transfer are kept secret. As transfers are closed to external intervention, crypto money is a very important tool for the informal economy. This situation requires that legal transactions are carried out and that these transactions are kept confidential for tax purposes; as well as providing an important anonymity for the execution of illegal transactions. It is highly probable that the extent of the informal economy will increase in the near future with the increase in the prevalence of crypto-money. © 2017 PESA All rights reserved. Keywords: Informal Economy, Blockchain, Bitcoin, Cryptocurrency

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