Blockchain and Open Source

Abstract

Abstract This chapter discusses blockchain technology. Here, the use of open source software in blockchain requires an understanding of blockchain technology and the broader category of ‘Distributed Ledger Technology’ (‘DLT’). Furthermore, blockchain is divided into three layers: protocol layer, network layer, and data layer. This chapter focuses on the protocol layer software such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, EOS, and Cordera. However, the software stack for blockchain systems which build on top of these protocol layers is very complex and varies based on the blockchain system. The protocol layers, such as Bitcoin and Ethereum, are sometimes referred to as ‘Layer 1’ or the ‘base layer’. Some blockchain systems also have ‘Layer 2’ software such as the ‘Lightening Network’ for Bitcoin. Blockchain systems also host application software, with smart contacts, tokens, and ‘DApps’, all of which are software.