PRINCIPLES OF ADAPTIVE CONTROL IN SMART GRID SYSTEMS BASED ON FORECASTING ENERGY SUPPLY AND DEMAND

Abstract

Smart grids are a modern model for developing electric power infrastructure based on the integration of information and communication technologies and intelligent control systems. These networks enable the creation of a highly efficient, reliable, and adaptive energy environment capable of quickly responding to changes in electricity generation and consumption patterns. Key principles of a smart grid include adaptive load management, two-way data exchange between power system elements, the integration of distributed energy resources, and the use of modern digital technologies, including the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and distributed ledger technologies. The implementation of smart grids optimizes the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity, improves the reliability and sustainability of the power system, and develops effective consumer interaction mechanisms based on intelligent energy management and dynamic pricing.