The Impact of artificial intelligence systems on financial transactions. Legal and economic aspects

Abstract

This study examines the transformation of financial transactions under the influence of artificial intelligence (AI) systems and distributed ledger technologies (DLT/blockchain). The European Union, through the implementation of Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 (the AI Act), introduces a horizontal, risk-based regulatory framework specifically related to applications concerning credit-risk assessment, fraud prevention and the automated provision of investment recommendations. In parallel, the recent revision of the EU framework on liability for defective products strengthens the protection of injured parties against digital products and software incorporating AI, while the decision not to advance a specific horizontal directive on non-contractual AI liability underscores the importance