A Decentralized Blockchain Architecture for Counterfeit Product Detection Using Cryptographic Verification Techniques

Abstract

Abstract - The rapid expansion of global supply chains has intensified the prevalence of counterfeit products, posing significant risks to consumer safety and brand credibility. Conventional identification mechanisms, including QR codes and RFID systems, suffer from vulnerabilities such as duplication, limited transparency, and high implementation costs. This paper presents a decentralized architecture leveraging blockchain technology integrated with cryptographic verification techniques to ensure secure product authentication and traceability. The proposed system records each transaction within an immutable distributed ledger, enabling transparent and tamper-resistant data management. Smart contracts facilitate automated validation of product information across different supply chain stages, from manufacturing to end-user verification. Additionally, QR code integration provides a user-friendly interface for authenticity checks. Experimental analysis demonstrates enhanced reliability, improved transparency, and effective counterfeit detection compared to traditional approaches. The framework offers a scalable and trustworthy solution for securing modern supply chain ecosystems against fraudulent activities. Key Words: Blockchain, Counterfeit Detection, Supply Chain Security, Cryptographic Verification, Smart, Contracts, Decentralized Architecture, Product Traceability, QR Code Authentication, Distributed, Ledger Technology