Blockchain-Based Secure Sharing of Patient Medical Records between Hospitals

Abstract

Interoperability of patient files between hospitals continues to present significant obstacles. Health systems frequently utilize central EHR systems that could suffer malfunctions, data breaches, and unauthorized access by third parties. Not only does this jeopardize patient confidentiality, but it also hinders the efficient operations of hospital processes.Blockchain technology is viewed as a prospective remedy for the issue. Blockchain keeps its data differently, allowing users to store data securely and make changes difficult. In this study, we analyze research works published between 2016 and 2023 regarding blockchain-based hospital-to-hospital data exchange.The methodologies differ widely: there are cases where researchers use smart contracts in Ethereum, build a system on Hyperledger Fabric, and deploy IPFS. Moreover, certain studies incorporate encryption methods, machine learning algorithms, and more. In summary, the results show that blockchain allows for improved data protection and transparency while giving patients more control over their personal information. Still, some issues persist, such as scalability, expenses, integration with existing infrastructure, and adherence to GDPR and HIPAA requirements. For future work, more improvements are necessary. For instance, zero-knowledge proofs, cybersecurity measures for new technologies, and using artificial intelligence to audit and validate smart contracts may be promising solutions.