A Blockchain-Assisted Holographic Counterparts for Secure Consumer Electronics in Healthcare 4.0

Abstract

Consumer Healthcare Devices (CHD) in Healthcare 4.0 (HC 4.0) increasingly generate continuous physiological data that are transformed into 3-dimensional holographic visualizations for remote monitoring, diagnosis, and clinical decision support. However, existing IoMT and blockchain (BC)-based healthcare systems protect data storage and access but do not verify the integrity, freshness, or provenance of holographic patient representations, leaving such visualizations vulnerable to spoofing, replay, and slice-level tampering. This paper proposes a Blockchain-Assisted Holographic Counterpart (BAHC) framework that cryptographically binds wearable devices to holographic updates using PUF-derived Holographic Authentication Tokens (HAT), enforces slice-level integrity through a Merkle-Hologram-Commitment Tree (Merkle-HC Tree), and anchors updates on a permissioned Proof-of-Authority (PoA) BC. Privacy-preserving access control and verification are achieved using Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption (CP-ABE) and Zero-Knowledge Proofs (ZKPs). The framework is evaluated on a controlled experimental testbed emulating 500 concurrent patient streams using independent public physiological datasets and public MRI volumes for synthetic hologram generation, measuring end-to-end latency, anomaly detection performance, rendering efficiency, and blockchain throughput under up to 100 validators. Experimental results show a 68.6% reduction in holographic rendering latency, a 34% reduction in diagnostic latency, a relative 27% improvement in anomaly detection performance, and sustained throughput close to 500 transactions per second, demonstrating that BAHC provides a scalable and trustworthy foundation for secure holographic monitoring in HC 4.0 systems.