Holistic Security for Distributed Systems: Blockchain-Based Passport Identity Verification and Al-Driven Dynamic Trust Management

Abstract

This paper proposes and experimentally validates a holistic security framework for distributed systems, combining blockchain-based passport identity verification with AI-driven dynamic trust management. The framework addresses two critical challenges in decentralized environments: ensuring verifiable digital identities and maintaining scalable, adaptive trust evaluation. In the identity layer, electronic passports are used to generate zero-knowledge proofs, allowing users to demonstrate specific attributes without exposing sensitive personal information. This mechanism provides strong Sybil resistance and aligns with Self-Sovereign Identity principles. The trust layer incorporates machine learning models to continuously monitor node behavior and update trust scores in real time, enabling the system to respond to anomalies and malicious activities dynamically. To evaluate the practicality and effectiveness of the proposed framework, we developed a prototype system and conducted experimental validation in a simulated distributed environment. The results confirm that the integrated approach enhances authentication assurance, improves trust coordination, and supports sustainable scalability through efficient consensus and computation mechanisms. This work offers a promising direction for securing blockchain, IoT, and other decentralized systems. Future efforts will focus on field deployment, cross-domain interoperability, and regulatory compliance.