Blockchain Technology in Document Authentication: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Abstract

This survey investigates the transformative potential of blockchain technology in document generation and authentication, emphasizing its decentralized and distributed architecture for secure transaction recording and verification across a network of computers. By operating on a consensus mechanism, blockchain ensures transparency and data immutability, countering manipulation through cryptographic techniques like hashing and digital signatures. The survey explores blockchain-based approaches for certificates in education, professional certifications, and legal documentation, examining essential components such as smart contracts, cryptographic hashing, and consensus mechanisms. Platforms like Ethereum and Hyperledger are scrutinized for their strengths and limitations in certificate/document management, addressing challenges in traditional systems and underscoring the potential for heightened security and reliability in document authentication.