Research on Trust and Privacy of Industrial Embodied Intelligence Based on Blockchain and ZKP

Abstract

As the application of Embodied Intelligence deepens within the Industrial Internet of Things (IoT) domain, traditional centralized trust schemes are increasingly unable to meet the demand for establishing efficient trust among heterogeneous devices, due to risks like single points of failure, auditing difficulties, and privacy leakage. To address these issues, this paper proposes a trust and privacy-preserving framework based on blockchain and Zero-Knowledge Proof (ZKP). The framework establishes a decentralized trust foundation using Hyperledger Fabric. On this foundation, a Decentralized Identity (DID) system is implemented through smart contracts, assigning a unique and verifiable identity anchor to each Embodied Intelligence device. Furthermore, to reconcile auditability and data privacy, the framework integrates ZKP technology. This technology enables edge devices to locally generate and submit on-chain proofs of operational compliance, facilitating transparent auditing without disclosing sensitive data. Finally, to transform trustworthy behavior records into a quantifiable metric, the framework designs a dynamic reputation assessment mechanism. This mechanism uses smart contracts to automatically analyze the verified on-chain behavioral history, continuously updating the reputation score for each Embodied Intelligence device. A smart factory case study demonstrates the framework's practical application, while performance evaluation on a physical testbed confirms its efficiency and scalability for real-time industrial control.