A Privacy-Preserving Power Grid Data Aggregation Scheme Based on Blockchain and Homomorphic Encryption

Abstract

With the advancement of intelligent power systems worldwide, the transition from traditional power grids to smart grids has significantly transformed power management. Smart grids rely on the real-time collection and aggregation of massive power data, where the aggregated results play a crucial role in load forecasting, equipment status monitoring, and fault detection. However, due to the privacy-sensitive nature of power data, there is a risk of privacy leakage during the aggregation process. While some studies have focused on ensuring privacy protection in data aggregation, challenges such as data consistency and validity verification remain unresolved. To address these issues, this paper proposes a privacy-preserving power grid data aggregation scheme based on blockchain and homomorphic encryption. The proposed scheme ensures privacy protection during data aggregation using homomorphic encryption, guarantees data consistency through blockchain and the Pedersen commitment mechanism, and verifies data validity by integrating blockchain with zero-knowledge proof techniques. Finally, theoretical analysis and experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and practicality of the proposed scheme.