LandLedger: Blockchain-powered Land Property Administration System

Abstract

The current land administration system of many countries including India is plagued with incomplete and damaged records. Different departments pertaining to land administration system store their own copy of records, which lead to incomplete verification and document forgery. In this paper, we present a blockchain-powered land administration system, termed as LandLedger, which provides accountable, transparent, efficient, secure and scalable land property administration. The proposed architecture of LandLedger realizes property verification, registration and revocation using specially designed transactions on a permissioned blockchain, which is managed by various departments such as Registrar's office, The Income tax department, The Revenue department and so on. LandLedger uses Merkle Patricia Tree to implement ownership verification and property history checking efficiently. The implementation of LandLedger shows its practicality with enhanced features in comparison to the current practice used in many countries including India.