Blockchain-Integrated Quantum Metaheuristic Model for Decentralized IoV Security

Abstract

Internet of Vehicles (IoV) needs to have effective security and privacy models that can be relied upon to deliver reliable information transfer between vehicles, roadside facilities, and cloud offerings. Although the newly suggested Quantum-Inspired Metaheuristic Framework (QIMF) is a useful tool in terms of trust assessment, adaptive privacy contracts, and secure access, its centralized architecture introduces the issues of scalability, auditing, and collusion/tampering resilience. To address these drawbacks, the present research proposes a framework using BQIMF, a Blockchain-Based Quantum-Inspired Metaheuristic Framework that combines quantum-inspired optimization with distributed ledger technology in decentralized trust maintenance and privacy protection. The model presented proposes that QIMF calculates trust scores and signs privacy agreements by quantum superposition and tunneling, and smart contracts based on blockchain are used in a way that the agreements and access decisions between the IoV ecosystem are recorded permanently. This hybrid solution removes points of failure, facilitates audit trails that cannot be tampered with and allows compliance with privacy policies to be verified. The BQIMF is tested over the CICIoV2024 dataset in various vehicular communication conditions, including denial-of-service, spoofing, and man-in-the-middle attacks in order to validate performance. As demonstrated in experiments, BQIMF has 98.7% accuracy in trust evaluation, 35% lower unauthorized access rate than classical blockchain-only systems, and a low access latency (under 25 ms) despite large network load. These results indicate that blockchain and quantum-inspired optimization have the potential to deliver a scalable, decentralized, and adaptable solution to secure vehicular communication, leading to the deployment of next-generation IoV.