Blockchain-Enhanced Access Control for IoT Systems in Smart Cities

Abstract

With the exponential growth of smart gadgets and the technologies that connect them, the Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as the most promising new technology of the last decade. This is true from both a business and academic standpoint. Deployment in smart-home and smart-city initiatives throughout the globe has increased IoT's popularity. Regrettably, the processing power, storage capacity, and bandwidth of IoT network devices are severely constrained. So, compared to other endpoint devices like PCs, tablets, and smartphones, they are more susceptible to assaults. The development of a safe and reliable model for commonly used operations is booming, including data collection, processing, storage, and communication. It isn't easy to build such a model since there are so many obstacles to overcome. New cybersecurity risks emerge on a regular basis, while old ones remain dormant and ready to be exploited. Sadly, these cyber dangers also serve to safeguard the IoT. Due to recent developments, research into cyberphysical systems, the internet of things (IoT), and blockchain is more important than ever. In Internet of Things (IoT) systems, where security breaches compromise the centralised system's ability to function, blockchain technology has shown remarkable promise. Distributed ledgers powered by blockchain technology may enhance the security of the Internet of Things (IoT) and its user access management systems, making them more reliable. Following the safe vehicle authorization, the suggested model presents the idea of a branching blockchain that considers the most recently utilized block. This allows low-powered devices to also benefit from the blockchain's security. The needs of the IoV at the physical layer are beyond the capabilities of present-day mining technology. The suggested architecture has many important aspects, such as a decentralized ledger system, load balancing, scalability, and a lightweight blockchain for the physical layer and above. The comparison investigation, which takes computation and transmission costs into account, shows that our proposed framework performs better than the ones that are presently in use. If anybody is interested in a lightweight blockchain variation that can be applied to the physical layer of the IoV, this model may serve as the foundation for new research areas.