The Trustworthy Aggregation Method of Electric Vehicle Charging Private Data Based on Double-Layer Blockchain

Abstract

The rapid growth of electric vehicles (EVs) raises challenges in securely aggregating sensitive charging data. Traditional centralized methods face privacy risks and lack trust. This paper proposes a trustworthy data aggregation method based on a dual-layer blockchain architecture combining a consortium chain and a public chain. Local aggregation and zero-knowledge proofs (ZKP) are performed on the consortium chain, while abstract summaries are stored on the public chain for verification and traceability. A trust-based consensus protocol and multi-level privacy controls ensure both efficiency and security. Experiments show the proposed method achieves 99.8 % verification accuracy, strong forgery detection (98.6 %), and high throughput (up to 530 TPS), making it suitable for smart EV charging platforms.