Geolocation-Based Smart Land Registry Process with Privacy Preservation Using Blockchain Technology and IPFS

Abstract

Abstract Smart devices are widely used in every application area and they serve specific application purposes. While some devices have their own large memory and processing unit, others are limited to data collection without processing capabilities. The land registry, one of the oldest processes for economic growth and governance, traditionally involves mapping the land in the field and collecting data on-site. Despite the shift to online processes, measurement and verification still rely on the traditional system. Blockchain technology, known for its transparency, immutability, speed, security, and decentralized storage, processes data on an immutable distributed ledger. Each node in the network maintains an updated copy of the ledger after each block addition. In the context of land registry, blockchain records every detail while addressing security, privacy, and smart network challenges. In the proposed system, a geolocation-based land registry using blockchain technology is utilized to enhance security, transparency, privacy, and speed compared to existing blockchain-based land registry systems. The proposed scheme follows a three-step registry process. The first step involves handling previous owner records, while the second step focuses on creating new records using smart devices and blockchain. The third step includes record verification and finalization of the registry process with the new owner. This process ensures personal data minimization, secure transactions, and payment of registry fees using blockchain technology. Smart devices play a crucial role in the proposed scheme by verifying the correct land, taking land measurements, and directly recording entries on the blockchain. Based on geolocations and areas, all required parameters for the registry are calculated. The implementation of the proposed system can prevent fraud and document forgeries in the land registry. A security analysis is conducted, and the system is implemented using multichain blockchain. Smart filters facilitate communication between sellers and buyers. Overall, the proposed system offers a hassle-free, geolocation-based, privacy-preserving land registry using blockchain technology.