A Concurrent Smart Contract Model

Abstract

With the rapid development of blockchain technology, smart contracts, as one of its core applications, are gradually becoming a key tool in driving the digital transformation of various industries. Currently, the execution mechanism of smart contracts in most blockchain systems adopts a single-threaded serial execution and synchronous execution during the consensus process. Addressing the efficiency issues of this execution mechanism, this paper compares and analyzes synchronous and asynchronous execution mechanisms, identifying their advantages and challenges in the execution of smart contracts. We design a concurrent execution model for smart contracts based on asynchronous execution, considering the dependencies between contracts. A static analysis method is proposed to ensure that the concurrent execution of smart contracts does not lead to data inconsistency or conflicts. Experiments are designed to simulate the concurrent execution of smart contracts, evaluate the performance metrics of the model, and compare it with the existing synchronous execution model. The performance of these two modes is evaluated by simulation experiments and compared with the existing synchronous execution model. The experimental results show that the proposed concurrent execution model shows significant performance improvement in processing high-concurrency smart contracts, including improved throughput and reduced latency. The superiority of these two modes in high concurrency scenarios is verified, and good scalability is demonstrated.